Hello everybody.
Welcome to our Master class today on October 6th, 2022. We
have a nice group that's going to present tonight.
234567.
Because we had to all squeeze it in before they left the
internship.
They're all supposed to be leaving on the 11th, so we will
have someone the 13th as well. They're coming back to go ahead
and present. But we did have to squeeze everybody in as many as
we can. So I did put the agenda into the.
Uh.
Uh, we call the chat for this room. We have yavor kuzov and
feller, Derek Duker, Aaron Prothero, Shawn Perry, Carrie
Lewis and Benjamin Oguguo. Oguguo. Thank you. Let me get
that right.
And I think we're ready to start. Is everybody ready to
start?
I'm good.
Oh yeah, definitely.
OK so.
Let's start with. Let's make sure everybody's here.
Let's see.
Go ahead and start as we have it in line you have 4.
Alright, so I'll guess I'll start. Do I start sharing
screens?
Yep, share your screen.
You.
And everybody should have something to present. So that's
gonna be beautiful. Thank you.
Yeah, alright, everybody can see it clearly.
Yes.
Awesome. Alright guys. So as stated my name is Igor Kuzov.
Yeah.
Today I'll be doing my class on the thread actors.
There are different types, model, classification and
motivations behind their behavior. Alright.
OK, well, it's not going down. OK, there we go.
Uh will be, as I said, we'll be covering a different type of.
Types of threat actors and that you could encounter. Now these
are in accordance with the standard set by CompTIA for
their security plus certification and.
FYI, there's gonna be some pop culture references in here so.
And the words of Black Eyed Peas. Let's get started.
I starting off. We're gonna go over the different types here.
Sorry about that.
Uh, at the very top we have a script, kitties. We have insider
threats, corporate competitors hactivists. There's coming
organization, state actors and advanced persistent threats.
All right. Those are the ones that are. There are defined as
currently by CompTIA, alright. And we're gonna start off with
the first one which is our.
Script kitties.
No script kitties are it's kind of like at the Rotary term for
basically complete novices in the world of hacking or cyber
security.
I'm basically the reason they're script kiddies, because they
have complete they lack any kind of real experience or any kind
of technical knowledge when it comes to the actual methods to
hacking and things that nature more often than not, what they
will do is they will find popular tools like nmap,
Wireshark.
I just realized I'm naming the ones that I only know how to
use, so that's that's kind of a blow to my ego right now, but
they'll use prewritten scripts when they attempt to launch
these attacks. So basically, they're gonna the way they
function is. Yeah, I'm gonna pull up something like
Metasploit framework.
I'll try to attack a device I don't really know what I'm
doing. I don't know what's happening so, but I'm either it
works and it doesn't. So let's say I go to one machine, I try
to send me, exploit didn't work. I'm gonna go to the second one.
That didn't work. Go to the third one. OK, work. I'm a
hacker. Look at me. I'm awesome. That's basically the way that a
a script Kitty can be.
Defined by their skill levels. Alright, usually what they'll do
is they will attack absolute random targets. Usually they'll
be something really weak or has like very small very like I
said, weak or no real protection at all. Maybe like your high
school.
Server or like a Public Library, maybe like a low end type of
website. Things that places where there's literally no real
depth security in depth where they can. They'll need to
maneuver their skills.
They're the depth of attacks they launch, are rarely
malicious in nature. Mostly the real reason the script Kitty
will do this stuff is mostly just for like streak Reds or
just to kind of impress their friends and family. Like look at
me. I hacked into this website, I did some stuff with the HTML
script looking the I'm awesome.
Now.
While Scriptkiddies are not considered the most
sophisticated or actually they're the listed of all types
of malicious threat actors.
We all start somewhere, so even the best hacker at some point
started as a script Kitty, right? I mean, I one point we
were all script kitties.
Some of them, myself included my still be considered that.
All right.
Umm.
The thing about a script Kitty is the more they do it, the more
confident they become. The more technical knowledge they acquire
and overtime they can become more dangerous and become more
malicious in nature, right?
That's pretty much.
The biggest doesn't the kind of main power of factors about
script kiddies.
Next, we have a one of the most popular ones, which would be the
insider threats.
Now I didn't see the thread. Is anyone who's either works or has
worked for the organization and therefore they have intimate
knowledge of any potential vulnerabilities within that
particular organization alright.
This strike could come in multiple forms. Maybe they have.
Maybe they know that we don't change the you only set your
password once and you never change it again. Or maybe they
know that our Wi-Fi password is password.
Or they know that the admin credential, username and
password is admin, you know.
There's different motivations for inside of threats. It could
be anything ranging between espionage, just sabotage. It
might be disgruntled employee.
Also, inside a thread doesn't always have to be malicious in
nature actually.
It could be some an insider threat could be literally
anybody because.
You could just be at your.
Bring your business laptop to a coffee shop. You decide to go to
the bathroom, you're logged into the you're logged into your
accounts, you go. You don't lock your laptop, and now your
information is out in the open for everybody to see. That's
pretty terrible offset, but it does happen. It could be
somebody that just decides to.
They get a, they get a weird e-mail with the link they would.
They weren't paying attention to their, you know, phishing
attacks seminars. So they decided to click on the link
because it says click here to verify your password, right? So
anybody could be an insider thread. It doesn't matter if
you're a day one employee or you could be the CEO. So there's
really no in between those are.
You see here I want to come down.
Like I said, while there may be a.
Fundamental differences between the disgruntled employee who?
It's going to apply, who is looking for some payback for
some perceived wrongdoing or careless employee who was left
there workstation attended.
Intense doesn't really mean as much as the actual effect, so it
could be literally anyone of us you know.
Here's a little fun fact for everybody. Roughly 60% of all
reported data breaches are caused by insider threat. So
this means the statistically speaking.
Over half of us could become card carrying members of this
group at some point in our careers. So just.
Something to do with out there?
All right.
Next we have a corporate competitors, right. Companies
been using hackers as a way to steal vulnerable information
from each other for decades. One of the most notable and infamous
instigators of this happens to come from a Chinese companies.
Over the last 20 years, there's been numerous cases where
certain Chinese companies will hack US based companies or
European companies to steal some kind of valuable information
about a certain product or certain mechanism.
A part of an industry.
The motivation there is if I steal your information that
gives me one up in the leg up on you in the competition puts you
out of business. More money for me.
You are a business and corner in the market. Monopoly is
basically.
Corporate competitors, they're not as likely to happen for, you
know, those aren't really something that most likely would
occur for somebody. Let's say you work in a small mom and pop
office where you're dealing with, you know, you have five
employees and you're, you know, baking cookies or something. But
on a larger scale, when there's large conglomerates or, you
know, Fortune 500 companies, if you happen to work in one of
those types, that is a very likely.
Very likely type of thread that.
You should be on the lookout form.
Alright.
Next, we have one of the other more popular ones called
Hacktivism.
Now, by definition, activism is a social or political activist
activist act that is carried out by breaking into the and
wrecking havoc on a secure computer system. Activism is a
mix of hacking and activism, and is set to have been coined by
the hacktivist group cult of the Dead Cow. This was a pretty
famous one of the Flash I think is. I believe it's actually one
of the first, if not the first activist group out there.
Umm, one of the more notable ones? There's ones like
anonymous, right? If you notice them some a couple years ago,
when the murder of George Floyd happened and.
And Minneapolis.
They're the ones who actually the packing into the.
Enter the police records in a flooding a bunch, the flooding
Internet with that private information.
Also, more recently, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine,
Anonymous did launch attacks against Russian Interior
Ministry offices where they lived hundreds of thousands of
files of what was considered confidential information.
More often than not, hactivists they do it out of a sense of
belief. It's not so much for financial gain or for for
bragging rights. These guys are at their at their show. They're
doing it because from from some sense of belief that they're
basically doing the right thing. They're exposing the corruption,
the lies, that type of.
That is their main motivation. So it's not something as if in
you can.
He bought or bribed or.
Anything that's gonna be has any kind of monetary value. Mostly
it's a based on idealism. Now activists could be, like I said,
for social meant for social justice. It could be something
along the lines of for political.
Umm purposes. Well, maybe they're they feel that some
political party is being corrupt or they're being ain't no
unsure, untruthful, so they may as a way to expose them. Start
launching attacks where they will.
Performed doses on their maybe like a denial distributed
distributed denial of service attack on like a a fun a website
that's meant to collect funds for their political campaigning.
It could be just a something as simple as just.
Packing into the website and then changing some of the fonts
to spell out a message or anything of that nature. But as
I said, their main reason for is to just.
It's been awareness and sort of spread a message, whether that
message is considered.
Right or wrong, that's sort of open to interpretation.
Alright.
Next, this one actually.
A little more.
Not as common because it's it's sort of coming behind the
scenes, but over the last.
1520 years, things like criminal syndicates have really started
to move their businesses to the online world.
So basically what happens is you know Once Upon a time, people
could go down the street by drugs from a drug then or
something like that still possibility. But over the if you
know if you.
Over the last I think back in 2012, 2013, there were certain
places like the Silk Road and then it's processor alphabet.
These were online marketplaces where you could purchase
virtually anything from fake ID's to a whole new identity
weapons.
Drugs.
Umm, people.
So.
That was a a lot of the times. Now these criminal organizations
starting to see the value of using online anonymity as a way
to make profits.
So there are a lot of these are guys are for the main purpose.
It's just to make money. So they are groups certain in certain
countries where they organized crime will launch things like
DDoS attacks or ransomware attacks against certain
organizations as a way to blackmail them to paying them to
release information. Actually, the United States, one of the
most popular places for attacks as far as ransomwares go
happened to be things like hospitals where.
I couldn't come in. Organization a group of criminals will be
like, hey, listen, we're gonna.
Lock up all these critical information that keeps your
employee your patients from dying, and if you don't pay us
within a certain amount of time, we're gonna release this. We're
not gonna release this data and your patients are gonna die. Or
worse, they'll hack into a personnel files or info that has
things like HIV or personal health information. And they'll
tell us if you don't pay us, we're gonna. We're gonna sell
this information on the dark web.
And essentially it's it's a.
They're pretty much being held hostage as a way to spread fear
and also as a way to.
And gain money as a matter of fact.
The except the tax are so common within the United States medical
field that a lot of hospitals will actually take ransomware
attacks. The payoff they will they will budget that into the
yearly budget. So just to give you an idea of how often that
actually happens and.
Yeah. So a lot of Times Now these are criminal source
organizations trading hit squads for geek squads. So that's
pretty much as far as criminal syndicates go.
Next, these ones are nation state actors.
Uh nation state actors are pretty much government funded
hacking groups, or.
Organizations or departments within the government that their
primary purpose primary purpose is to wage cyber warfare against
other nations, right?
The most common tactics, techniques and procedures or TP
consist of attacks like direct compromise of financial
institutions, attacks carried out against companies that deal
with agriculture or natural resources. Actually, when back
in February of this year and some of you recall.
Before the invasion of Ukraine happened, the Russians actually,
they launched massive attacks on cyber attacks against certain
parts of the Ukrainian.
Umm.
Infrastructure, meaning they froze the attack banks to freeze
accounts they couldn't pay their soldiers. They were shutting
down.
Power plants still producing energy as a way to starve out as
a way to destabilize the interior of the the government
as it makes it more easily for them to kind of roll in and take
over.
Uh, theoretically, cause it's not working so well for them
right now, but in in theory that's the main purpose of
nation state actors.
Umm, actually the one of the most.
Famous and almost popular types of nation state attacks happened
to Iran in 2008. That was the.
Uh, stadnik stuck. Hello. Stuxnet attack, where basically
unknown.
Nation state actors that were definitely not Israel and the
United States.
I created a malicious a worm that was used as a way to
infiltrate their Iranian nuclear research facilities, and there
were there was a specific warm that was designed to attack a
specific part called a centrifuge, that was used to
mix.
Something.
It's it was a vital component of the for the procedure for the
production of the, for the energy that was used for the
nuclear research and over a / a period of time, this worm was
designed to target this one specific part of the entire
infrastructure, secretly destroy it to make it appear that it was
a malfunction on its own, and then disappear. Matter of fact,
Stuxnet has actually been in was reported that it that it has
affected.
Virtually ohh at this point at least has infected virtually all
devices.
Umm on a global scale, but the reason because most of us or
none of us have had any kind of issues or has gone under
detectives because the worm by by virtue by definition, the
worm multiplies itself until it finds a direct target. And then.
Once the the target is reached and destroys it, and then it
sees to exist. So let's say.
Device one has it goes device two. That one doesn't have it.
Device 3 doesn't have it. Device four has it hits that one,
destroys it, moves on like it was never there. You wouldn't
even know that it happened until it was already there. So.
Nation state actors they're they're one of the most
dangerous, if not the most dangerous, for the simple fact
that these guys have come with a lot of funding. They have a lot
of backing because.
Over the years, more and more focus has been put on cyber
security cyber warfare. If you guys have noticed over the last
couple months, especially with the again back with the Russia
war in Russia, there's been a lot more.
Warnings on news and stuff like that about potential threats and
viruses being sent out to the US by the Russian Government as a
way to destabilize our own infrastructure. So but mainly
speaking nation state actors. Those are the guys that are.
It's.
Had their main purpose is to carry out the orders of their
beneficiaries, which 99 times out of 100, those are gonna be
the the government in which country they reside in.
Right.
Uh, we have something called advanced persistent Threats Now
advanced persistent threat. That's not, that's more of a.
Term designed to encompass more of a behavior rather than an
individual. But however, that's still something worth
mentioning.
Generally, when we Speaking of when we Speaking of advanced
persistent threats, it is a broad term as Houston plan of
attack of cyber Attack campaign where it's meant to be a long
term attack. So if you guys recall and earlier this year.
Ohh, even last year too there was these two major attacks. One
happened to be on a meat.
Umm me distribution plan and yellows oil pipe rank these what
you which were considered an advanced persistent threat. This
was something that was constructed over a long period
of time where the hackers went inside. They created a back
door.
And over the over the next couple of months, what they did
was they gathered information and they.
Waiting for the right time where the attack will be most
effective and waited once once that all the parameters were
met.
To make to do the most damage on the network. That is, when the
attacker decided to.
Strike and make their play alright.
This is why one of the most common purposes of these are
gonna be things like.
Uh, rat or?
Rat Trojans basically remote access Trojans.
Maybe things like adding a logic bomb, so once they're they're
campaign on that organization or that particular environment is
done, they can destroy all the evidence as they leave out the
dorm. These are well coordinated. These are well
planned and these are very well funded attacks and usually.
There will be times where hacktivists or corporate
competitors may put in that kind of effort into these type of the
text, but usually more, more often than not, this is sort of
the the trademark of a of the nation state actors.
All right.
And that's that's basically the end of the presentation.
Any questions? Concerns.
Now it's time.
This was excellent and I love the old computer with the dot
mixture dot matrix printer in that picture.
That was hilarious.
This is great. Did a good job.
Thank you.
Yeah, you've or were you the one that actually posted on the
So.
Cyber Wiki about having a couple of APT that were on there?
Uh, no, that I don't think that. No, that wasn't me.
OK, remember somebody did that. There was a couple of the APT by
grouping on the Cyber Wiki as well. So if anybody wants to
look at those, there's a little extra next to some really
interesting read out there.
Any questions, anything.
OK. Well, if you've, if you missed the questions for this
point, we'll have questions at the end to end end also just in
case.
If you think about it.
Awesome.
Next one up is Anne Feller.
Tires.
Yes, that's going to be fun to follow.
Make sure I have the right.
Screen going up here.
So I am going to be talking about my time at the internship.
Oop, let me click ahead on that up.
I wasn't really sure what I wanted to talk about, but I saw
no one else had really discussed how they felt about going
through the internship yet, so I thought that would be kind of
interesting to discuss, especially since it's a virtual
internship which is pretty unique.
Umm, I started back in early August, didn't really know what
I was getting into.
Had a lot going on right when I started cause I pretty much
right at the same time started my job as a land admin at a
mental health hospital for the criminally insane.
So there was a lot of stuff going on kind of right at the
same time.
The position that I'm working now has me kind of going all
over the place with IT and working and on all sorts of
different systems, both kind of tech support as well as system
administration and security and just kind of all of it.
So I was interested to see what I could find in the internship
to bring to my job as well.
As I was signing up for stuff, I was seeing a lot of different
places that I've never really heard of before or really worked
with, including try hack me and Hack the box. I'd heard of them,
but I've never even taken the time to look at them.
I also knew I wasn't.
Completely alone when I was confused, a little overwhelmed
cause it seemed like everybody was, but we all started to get
our flow.
Pretty quickly, within the first couple of weeks.
I started really messing with try hack me first with the intro
to cybersecurity.
UM path.
And.
It was kind of interesting seeing how this was set up and
how the attack box worked, how the Cali Box worked, and how
that let you kind of interact with the stuff that you were
going through and how the flags were hidden everywhere and
whatnot.
Umm, it didn't take too long to get the hang of it.
Umm, there you go through so many different.
Rooms and stuff though. You start to get the feel of it
pretty quickly.
The interest to cybersecurity provided a lot of interesting
information.
A lot of good overview stuff that I've already kind of talked
about at my job a little bit.
It was eight different rooms to go through that talked about
different things such as offensive security, defensive
security, network security.
So on and so forth.
Umm.
It was, it was. It was a good way to kind of get my feet wet.
And see how this internship was going to go. See what kind of
stuff I was going to Start learning.
The main path I worked on, which took about 8 weeks for me to get
all the way through was the complete beginner path which was
34 rooms across eight different segments and there was a lot to
go through.
And I actually just finished it up this previous Sunday.
Umm.
For the most part, that was what I focused on, but I also.
I'm sorry, my notes are getting me a little confused here
because it shows the next slide. So those threw me off a little
bit.
Working through the complete beginner path, I got to see a
lot of the tools that I heard about in my classes such as
Metasploit, John the Ripper, different types of shells like
the reverse shells and whatnot.
I was aware of them previously, but I never really got to tinker
with them.
And being in.
The try hack me rooms. I've really got to sit and play with
them a lot more than.
Just simply looking at videos talking about them or doing.
Step by step guides I got to actually mess with them more.
Another thing I got to deep dive into working with all of these
was Linux, which I never really played with, never really got a
chance to in any jobs I worked since. This is my first real IT
job anyway.
And I'd never just taken the time to mess with it on my own.
Umm, so I was really interested to start messing with it,
especially because I just kind of enjoy doing the coding side
of stuff more.
And since it.
Doesn't always have a GUI, and you're not necessarily forced to
use a GUI.
It was interesting to learn how to use it.
Because of my interest in messing with Linux, I took
advantage of the dollar sale from TCM security for their
Linux 101 course.
And that also provided a lot of interesting information about
Linux. It had a good breakdown of how it works, how the file
system works.
It went into more detail on the basic commands and how they
work.
I actually have about 1/3 of this course to go the as the
screenshot shows, and that is how I intend on finishing out
my.
Internship plus a little bit more exploring and kind of
diving into.
Getting my certifications going.
This also I the little bit of this that I did in the middle of
the complete beginner path also provided kind of a nice break
from the complete beginner path because that was just so much
information kind of being thrown out you pretty quickly to be
honest.
Umm since I started messing with Linux a little bit more, I took
advantage of having VirtualBox installed.
And installed two different Linux virtual machines. I did
Cali originally as something to work alongside the TCM Linux 101
course since it's supposedly videos.
But as I started getting into that, I realized he used Linux
Mint instead.
And so I could actually follow along. I went ahead and
installed a Linux meant box as well.
But.
Even if I'm just using it for this course for right now
they'll both play as resources for me to use in the future if I
need to, especially the Cali Box in case I start digging more
into.
Like Red teaming stuff and getting my hands on that a
little bit more.
Along with getting to work with some really interesting systems
and tools, I also got to interact with a lot of really
cool people that had a lot of really interesting experiences
to share, both in the Cyber Security Department and in the
company as a whole.
Umm, there's a lot of people with different classes that
they've been in different jobs. They've been in just different
experiences that they had and got to have a lot of that shared
over the course of the last few or 10 weeks.
Meetings are always really interesting because you got to
hear stories about what people were working on, what research
they've they've been doing, what software they're developing over
the their 10 or 12 weeks they're here.
So it was always really interesting to see what people
were working on outside of just the simple stuff that I felt
like I was doing.
Not to mention the great lessons that were presented in the docs
corners every week and just how insightful those always seem to.
To be and actually honestly kind of missed those a little bit
just because they're they're really interesting.
Umm.
There's a lot to take in over the course of my internship.
There's a lot of stuff I'm gonna try and integrate into my job.
See if I can kind of bring a little emphasis toward.
Umm. Kind of internal security and stuff, especially since
we're dealing with like patient accounts and a lot of HIPAA
information that we'll have to deal with.
And I can definitely say I am really grateful for having this
experience and getting to actually work with some of the
systems that I've gone through rather than just doing research
and writing papers like I have in my last.
Three years of classes that I've been taking.
And I just wanted to say thank you for the great opportunity.
And that's it. That's all I got to say. It was a little bit
shorter, but I also know we had a bunch of of presentations
tonight, so.
We're not supposed to get emotional while we're in master
class, OK?
It's fantastic.
I'm not crying. You're crying.
Right, right.
Now we're about trying a little bit.
I know.
Now that was great. Thank you so much. We love hearing from
everybody. So perfect.
Thank you.
Glad you got something out of it and glad something that you can
take to work because that just makes your job better and makes
it seem you know it's, uh, they're gonna keep you longer
because you made some changes. So that's always a good one.
Yeah.
Yeah, they might not have much of a red team, but knowing what
Red Team does can help. Also build the Blue team side of it.
Exactly. Exactly.
So definitely a lot of stuff to kind of go. Hey, maybe we tweak
this a little bit.
That's right. Take it with you. There you go.
Thank you so much. So Next up, we will do Derek Duker. Am I
saying that correctly, Derek?
You are? Yeah, it is. It was spelled incorrectly, but it it
pronounced that way, so that's alright.
Ohh.
Ohh yeah, I did. CK alright OK, your turn.
No worries. OK, let's go. Can you guys see that alright?
Yes.
OK, so as you can see, tonight I'm gonna be talking about
digital forensics, and particularly one tool that I've
used throughout my courses here that I really enjoyed using,
which is something that we can use to perform digital
forensics. So let's just go ahead and jump right in. What is
digital forensics? Digital forensics is a branch of
forensic science that focuses on the recovery and investigation
of material found in digital devices related to cyber crime.
There are several steps 2 digital forensics that take
place and because the data that is getting that is being
obtained could be used as evidence in a lawsuit, there are
a lot of rules and legal steps that have to be followed when
performing a digital investigation and will briefly
go over those.
So as I mentioned earlier, there are a bunch of steps. There are
five steps to digital investigation. Number one is
identification, which is identifying why, why we're doing
the investigation, what we need to search through and what we're
looking for.
We'll move on to Step 2, which is collection as you could
probably guess, this is when we actually collect the data in
this step and I cannot stress enough how important it is to
not make any mistakes when collecting this data.
Because the smallest error or mistake can render the data
useless and the investigation pretty much over at that point.
Step three is analysis where we take the data that we collected
in Step 2. Look through it for whatever we identified in step
one.
Step FOUR is documentation, and that's where we record all of
our findings and this step, it's really useful. Documentation is
really useful in this step because it can actually help us
sort of recreate the digital crime scene crime scene in
quotation marks.
And then the last step is presentation where we take all
of the information that we documented and we collected
that. We analyzed and put it into a presentation where we
give our findings.
So out of those five steps, the two that we think about most
often are collection and analysis, because those are
really the two most exciting ones gathering information or
data collection. As I mentioned before, is a very delicate
process. If any data is accidentally altered or
improperly handled, then that data may not be as excuse me,
that data may not be admissible as evidence in the
investigation. Because of this, there are certain precautions
that we have to take the gathering data to make sure that
the data integrity is.
Secure. Uh. One of those would be a chain of custody, which
provides a clear timeline of who is in possession of the data at
any given time. That way, if something happened in the data,
we can easily look back and say, oh, well, this person had it,
the data was fine. But when this person had it, it didn't quite
line up, so we can know that something also happened in
between those two.
Umm. Handoffs. Essentially another step that we could take
to ensure data integrity is through hash checks and a file
hash is just a string of digits that is unique to an individual
file based on the content of the file a file is placed through a
hashing algorithm and it spits out a unique set of codes or a
unique set of digits, the length of which is determined to
whichever hashing algorithm you use. There's a bunch of
different ones.
But the big thing about hashes is that they are unique to that
file, because if you change any aspect of the file itself and
then put it back through an algorithm, you'll never get the
exact same file hash. So it's very unique. So we can keep
track of the hash through the different passes, and if we see
that the hash here is this thing. But when we handed it to
the next person, it was slightly altered. We know that that is
not the exact same file. We know that something has happened to
it and.
We can't use that data anymore.
Umm. And so because we don't wanna mess with the original
data at all, but we still need to look through it. The best
thing that we can do is to create a data image and a data
image is just a one to one copy of a drive. You'll just take the
drive and duplicate it and then now because we have a copy, we
won't have to touch the original one at all. We can manipulate
the copy and the original will stay just as it was when we took
it off of the, took it out of the device.
Once we have the data copied, we can put that into.
A program that will allow us to easily search through it. Some
of the top three or the top three most popular ones right
now are in case in case is the one that is actually used by law
enforcement for their digital forensics. The forensic toolkit
FTK is another really popular one and then autopsy is an open
source forensic investigator and that's actually the one I'm
gonna be talking about tonight. So autopsy, as I said earlier,
is a free digital forensics tool that can be downloaded on
Windows, Linux and OSX.
And acts as a GUI for the sleuth kit, which is a collection of
open source utilities for extracting data from disk
drives.
The sooth kit you can normally do, just says like command line,
but autopsy gives you that that graphical representation, which
I personally think is really really nice because I hate hate.
Using command line. I'm just so bad at it.
But with autopsy, we can just input a disk image and look
right through it and we are going to do just that. So I have
autopsy pulled up.
So this is the first thing that you see whenever you open up
autopsy, you can add a new case, open an old case, or open a
recent case. Actually have one that I prepared for this master
class. So we'll just go ahead and do this autopsy.
File right here and what I'm doing is I'm in. I'm.
When I added a new one, it was a dot E01 file which is just an in
case image file. This is like a sample one that I found online
to practice with. So on the leftover here we can see just
all the different categories of things we can search through. We
can see that there's data sources. If you have multiple
ones, they'll show up here and you can search through
individual ones. I only have ones this Charlie work USB.
Actually, 2009 feels like a lifetime ago.
Over here we have the general information window where you'll
see just kind of the overall of whatever you clicked on in this
side and then down here in the bottom, whenever you click on
something in the general window, it gives you all of the very
specific details like here's all the hecks of this one.
Image essentially so couple things. I wanna just briefly go
over there. You can sort by different file types within
autopsy. So if I wanna look at all of the PDF files that show
up on this USB, I can do that. I can just see oh, look, here's
all of them. You can see when they are modified, when they
were created, the location you can see all the hashes like I
mentioned earlier the MD5, the Saha 256 and when we click on
one for example, it'll actually.
Recreate it for us. We can see that this one, this US 504-1044
was a a patent document for.
Something I don't know what he was trying to do with this this
USB, but it's really cool that it actually like recreates it
for you.
Uh, so you can sort by file types. You can sort by different
executables. We see there were two executables on this. We can
also sort by.
If it's just like an image file, it will show you all the
different like types of image files and you can click even
closer in. So if I want to see all the jpegs on this.
Uh file or on this image? Excuse me. I can do that and I can
click them and it like the PDF will recreate them here. Really
cool, actually. Really kind of like this picture. That's pretty
cool picture.
Another thing we can do is we can sort by delete it files,
which is something that when I first saw Topsy was like wow,
that is incredible, that it can do that. This would be really
helpful in an investigation because you could see, look,
this person tried to delete this.
This file that could be possibly destruction of evidence.
Depending on what the file was and the context of it, but I
think it's really cool that you can see like deleted files that
they tried to hide.
And then under file viewing and also sort by file size. This one
not too not too great about that but.
That is an option.
OK, so the next thing we can sort about data, artifacts and
this one is really cool because you can sort by just different
e-mail accounts that have shown up this file. There are several
emails that are like passed back and forth that we can find on
here and we can see, oh, there are four different emails that
are passing back and forth this Jamie and Charlie are the two
people we can even see some of their emails themselves. So I
can see this one.
I have something you'll be definitely interested in it. It
concerns your competitor. Ooh.
Trying to, uh, sell out corporate secrets. That's pretty
good reason for an investigation to take place. If you're
competitor, just all of a sudden has insider information, so it's
good that.
This person got caught.
So other than that autopsy, it just it does very general
things. You can search by keywords. You can search by.
Different like expressions, you can search up here in the
keyword search to do a substring match like. If I want to search
for all instances of the word Yahoo because it's 2009 and
people still use Yahoo e-mail addresses, we can search and
look at that every Yahoo e-mail sent back and forth.
Wanna go see a flick tonight? No, thank you. I'm at master
class.
And then one of the last things I want to talk about at with
autopsy is this top bar up here, you can add more data sources if
you want to. Just like we added this EO one host, you can look
through different images like this will just.
Combine all the different images together and you can search
through those communications. Same thing. It'll bring together
all the different emails, e-mail accounts. You can search through
those. It'll even visualize it for you, but not here. This one
is really cool geolocation. If anything on the drive is Geo
tagged it will show you exactly where that took place. It's
unfortunate that nothing on this one was, but it would be cool
nonetheless.
This one timeline is a really big one. I think for the
investigation itself because.
When you're trying to document everything you're trying to
recreate the crime scene. Having an accurate timeline of
everything that have has happened on this device will
really help that we can see that the first thing that happened on
this drive was in 2009 of April of 2009, there was a document
created. Most of the stuff happened in November in
December, but it started as early as April of 2009. And you
can see that even more detailed in this timeline.
And then finally, one of the most important things is
generate report button. When you generate a report, it does
exactly what it sounds like. It generates a report based on
everything that you've done. Ohh I just totally realized I forgot
to talk about tags, so if you are investigating this you find
something that oh, this is pretty important. Like this
astronaut picture. What you can do is you can right click it,
you can add a file tag. So a bunch of different ones. I made
important that one is not a default one bookmark follow up
notable item and project VC.
Are.
So if I were just going through all the data and I needed it, I
found something interesting, but I didn't have time right now to
look at it. I could just hit follow up. It'll it'll mark it.
And then if I go down to tags, I can see, oh, there's one thing
and follow up that I need to look at file tags. OK then I can
go back and look at this. You can do that with anything that
you find on here. But going back to what I was talking about this
generate report.
When you generate a report, you can generate a different a bunch
of different types. HTML is probably the easiest right now.
You can check which data source you want right here is where the
tags come in. You can report on all the results all the tagged
results, or even just specific tag results like if I wanna do
just the follow up ones, not. These notable items are
important. I could do that for this instance. I'm gonna do all
results and it'll generate it generates it pretty quickly. To
be fair, this is not that big of a file.
So that may vary, but then you can click this, it'll open up
and we can see that, hey, this is our autopsy forensic report
gives me information about the image information. This is where
it's located on my computer.
More information just about autopsy in general, but when we
go over here to the left side on the report navigation screen, we
can see this was reporting that hey, just like I said earlier,
there are four e-mail addresses identified in this. There are
two different e-mail e-mail messages and if we scroll all
the way over we can see that they even.
Show them in plain text just the entire e-mail right here.
Which is really cool.
Umm, we can see different keyword hits just because I I
did all of the.
The result? It's a whole lot right here, 570 of them, but
it's pretty cool. Even shows you the tagged files even though we
had all files.
So yeah, that is just a very incredibly brief overview of
autopsy. I just I think it was really cool when I learned about
it and I think it was it 316. It's class numbers, all kind of
blurred together. But I thought it was really cool and I just
wanted to share that with all of you tonight. So anybody has any
questions, I would be.
More than happy to answer them, but other than that I think that
is it for me tonight. Thanks.
Matthew, you have a question?
No, sorry. I just raised my hand. Lowered it.
You just felt like raising your head, OK?
Yes, I'm here.
Gotta get that exercise in. Thank you.
Great job, Derek.
That was a really I've never seen that tool before. That that
is really interesting. Does anyone have any questions for
Derek?
Uh, no questions, but that's gonna say, man, you did a great
job cause like three weeks ago actually had to use this tool
for when I'm freshly cause I'm in digital forensic forensics
classes. My other class. So in our infosec lab like this was
one of our tools we have to use for for the lab. And man, it
took me like a hot minute to figure out all the tools. I'm
kind of salty. You didn't do this sooner, but it made my
homework. I'm in a lot easier that day.
Sorry man, I just thank you. Thank you. This is a I'm. I'm
Well, good job man.
I was gonna say aye.
one of the people graduating on on Tuesday. So this is my last
opportunity to do this. I probably should have done it
earlier, but.
Uh, you know procrastination at all. It happens.
So is digital forensics something you plan on going
Well.
into, Derek?
Not at the current moment. I actually just secured a job with
just a general IT services a company here in Indianapolis. I
Right.
think digital friends, because since I've learned about it, has
always been something that has interested me just because.
It's not something that a whole lot of people think about,
especially like in regards to like big data breaches like,
yeah, we hear about them happening in the new as well,
like, how did it happen? Is the kind of stuff that I'm more
interested in. Maybe eventually, if I can convince this new
company to start doing that, that would be kind of cool. But
as of right now, I'm not planning on doing it. It's just
something that I liked learning about. And I just wanted to talk
about tonight.
Awesome.
All right. Anybody else have any questions or comments?
OK. Well, keep moving, Aaron. I think you're up next.
I most certainly am. See if we can get this going here.
And everybody see my screen there.
Yeah.
Yep.
Perfect.
Yes, we can.
Alright, so I am going to do this on bash scripting. I'm
gonna go over a little history on bash itself is a couple of
things I found interesting. Kind of what is bash and then go into
the actual scripting aspect of it and then I will like Derek
kind of have a little hands on demonstration at the end. Kind
of write a little script that I you can use things like that and
go over that so bash anybody doesn't know the Bourne again
shell.
Umm, so bash actually came out in 1989. Great year. I was born
that year, by the way.
It the original was actually supposed to be the Bourne shell,
but Linus Torvalds found out about Brian Fox working on the
point again shell and actually decided to use that one as the
primary in any Linux distributions and things like
that also available on Mac and Windows.
Windows 10. You can get it as a kind of like a feature you can
add in Mac versions 10.3 all the way up until I get the exact
version number, but Catalina basically in 2019.
It was a default for Mac OS and it actually went over to ZSH.
That's primary there.
So it's really interesting that you can, you know, one too far,
one too far. Sorry about that.
Bashed by itself is a command processor.
It doesn't actually add any. You know things to it, but you can
use command language to actually go ahead and perform actions,
change files, move things. You're actually using the
command line to affect the actual computer and OS itself,
and then any of these commands. What would I talk about here in
a second? It can be automated through scripting.
And they will allow users to perform multiple functions. You
know a lot more easily.
So for scripting, scripting is the use of commands within an
application for the purpose of automating certain features that
are already present. When you think about it, if you hear
about scripting and gaming, they're not actually creating a
game, they're already using what the game offers and just
automating it to keep the system or whatever. Same thing when
you're writing a script, you're not creating any new
functionality.
Instead, you're actually going through and using what's
preexisting and automating the features to go through that.
That's why scripting is kind of the data and dirty form of
programming, because you're just using what's there, and then
you're automating a lot of process and stuff like that.
So getting into actually setting up a batch script.
A couple of things that you actually gonna have to be able
to do.
Here, so when you're creating the file, you need to make sure
it has a SAS extension that labels it as a shell extension
and you can actually use it as a script when you run it, and
things like that.
You do need to make sure that you traumatic uh. Add yourself
the executable.
And if you need to, I put it there as well, depending on what
user you are, what level of permissions you have on your
system, you might need the pseudo to audit.
And then type in the password for the actual pseudo. But if
you got permission, especially no Anne said that she was using
a Kelly version. If you're even on just a basic Cali machine,
normally you'll have message just tripod plus X name of the
script and then when you are executing it you actually do it
as a dot forward slash name of the script and that will
actually execute the file.
When you're writing the script, the first actually needs to be
shebang bin, Bash the pound, exclamation point is shebang.
And that is actually the absolute file path to the bash
interpreter, and again instructs the file to be grant as a bash
script. If it doesn't see that shebang bin Bash, it won't run
it as a script. It'll try to run it and it'll just say this isn't
a script, or you're just trying to run this, and I have no idea
what you're trying to run it as, basically.
When you're writing it, when you actually get into writing it,
all Bash commands can be used. So if you have decided cat ping,
nmap, I'm sure you could do my deployable in some way, but when
you get into individual cues like might deployable has its
own kind of like interface in there, it might be a little bit
more difficult, but any of that and there is also ways to
incorporate. I saw online. So maybe like C and things like
that into bash scripting that you can actually throw in there.
That's something I don't have personal experience with, but
there are other ways that you can do that as well.
And then for writing the script, there are a couple of different
things that you can use for the automation. We have our loops
and conditionals.
And then things like functions, arrays and other things like
that. So loops and conditionals. You're basically using if else,
else if four, and while to look for certain true statements to
execute a certain number of times, basically so.
If then anybody that knows programming if then if this is
true then do this else if this is true then do this else and
else is kind of the default so if becomes zero else if is 0 so
they're both negative, it'll automatically default to else if
an else statement is there, otherwise it just won't run. The
four loop is actually used if you have a set number of
iterations you want to use. So for counting one through 10
iterate.
10 times, while we'll execute indefinitely until a false
statement is returned. So if you have a preset number like, I
only want this to run 10 * 100 times. You can use four, while
would go through the entire list, and if you have a list
that's updated, you could have it like it's flowing it's
dynamic. Then you can actually use a while statement to keep it
going as long as it's got information flowing in.
You also have your arrays which are lists of numbers set up in a
certain you know.
Pattern and things like that. So you can use the my array equals
and quotes 123 or you can also set arrays and then the script.
Here I've got here in a second I'll show you can use array as a
like a text file for instance and you can set that up as using
that as a parameter and you can use that text file and it's not
required. The way I set it up but I wanted to show some of the
functionality we have here so you can use that text file as
kind of being placed into the variable not to have functions.
And then the dollar sign I want to throw this in here as well
because I do use it dollar sign calls the variable and also is
used for argument. So if you have like a dollar sign one. If
you think about ping 192.168 dot 0.1 for an internal thing that
IP address 192 dot blah blah blah would be argument one for
the ping command. So if you did like.
Dollar sign one. It would run that individual argument in
place of the variable that you're trying to call it for.
And I'll show that here. Now actually I wanted to do this a
little bit quicker just because I did have. You can also see my
Cali box, right.
So this is kind of when I have my thing up here on the right
hand side and on the left and I.
Got a couple of things.
Counted out right here just because I wanted to be able to
kind of show what each individual thing does.
I did get the primary for this off of the YouTube video off of
the Cyber mentor actually kind of did it. I take it a little
bit, changed it and then I do have another script here that I
add more functionality to you, but I wanted to kind of start
low go a little bit higher without going too over the 15
minutes.
This really quick, so if we can see here if I were to run, this
is actually my example.
Dot SH.
And I know my internal address is 192.168 dot.
I did that wrong with my.
Sample of 192.168 dot zero. Or am I doing that? I am picking
because I don't wanna go too long. I apologize. There we go.
New line. It's going to make me look like an idiot as an al
Qaeda. Didn't I apologize?
That's not.
I had this all.
Set up earlier and then there we go.
It is going to, you know, I'm not even going to do that. Then
I'm just going to do my sweeper because that is going to be
easier.
And I will overhear.
Right and quick and then?
This was working earlier and now I am.
Wondering why did that take manuscripts? No, it did not.
Uh, I did sweep not sweeper.
There we go.
Let's not panic too much, so, OK.
Back on track, we're good. So we First off have that we are going
to ask the user for a network that I want to scan the first
three act tests and then I can put 192.168 dot zero.
And then because my IP right here that I'm reading, I'm using
the read function right here.
So it's calling the read function right here.
It's not blank. I'm actually inserting something over here.
So it's going to skip this and it's going to default to the L
statement.
And it's going to do a loop where again, I'm calling the IP.
Right here.
And then using the four.
Sequence 1 to 254, so it's going to do 192.168 dot 0.1 dot 2.3
and it's going to loop each of those individually and run
through it.
And then what I'm doing right here with the grep statement
right here and it's looking for anybody that's on a ping request
before we'll know that anytime you get a confirmation of a.
Ping received, it'll send back the 64 bytes, so we're actually
using the grep to pull any lines that have a 64 bytes
confirmation.
And then using the cut and truncate functions right there.
To limit down what is actually on that to just the IP
addresses.
And then we are actually going to save that right here once
it's done, we are putting that into IP list dot text.
We're running that through.
And using my array function like I said earlier, using list as a
array.
And then down here using a while.
For however many lines we're going to get and how many actual
things we're going to get.
Do and then we're going to end, map the line and I'm actually
using again here and here you'll see the AM symbols. Those are
actually allowing it to run kind of multiple times at once, so
it's not going to do ping one ping two. It's going to like
Batch Ping a bunch of things at once and run faster than it
would if it was just doing a single line by line.
And then here we're using the call list.
And we're actually putting that into the loop.
So that while we're reading lines in this particular list.
It's gonna end map each of those. So what we're going to
see over here is and because actually, I'm gonna say this
really quick because I am throwing this into the IP list
dot text. It's not going to show the individual pings, it
actually starts just running the end map for all the individual
pings that we did. So if we run this.
Why is this making me?
What did I do?
What did I do? I literally ran this earlier.
And it was perfect.
I am going to feel like the biggest.
Idiot here and a couple of seconds. Please do apologize.
I literally tested this before I came in and it was like.
It was perfect. It ran with no issues.
It's giving me my please select an IP address and range for IP.
Not only of that else.
Do this. Let's see if that's going to change anything. I
doubt it, but we're going to see.
Excellent. Need to exit 1 either.
I'm not gonna have any.
Please forgive me, this ran perfectly fine like.
An hour ago and now I don't know why it's not.
But that was supposed to be a script that I was able to get
running, and now I'm going to spend all night trying to figure
out why it's not running because it was perfectly fine hour ago.
And what did I change?
I didn't change anything.
Bill has nothing's been.
It's not blank.
Maybe.
I'm going to feel like the biggest idiot. If that was
literally it.
Nope.
This is not.
The hour for doing that though?
Been parish.
Using Ben Bash, please turn to the network US scan read IP.
If else for address count 1-2, that grip and done IP list dot
text by.
And I could do.
Stupidest thing in the world.
Still didn't change anything. Nothing has changed on this.
Except I'm now in front of 15 people.
And.
Literally, that's the only thing I have changed.
I'm going to see if I can heal the floor right now and figure
out why this is not working because I'm not gonna hold you
all off to me running.
Test and things like that.
I I do apologize again. I have no idea what's going on. It ran
perfectly fine and hour before this and was.
Yeah. No, it's that's exactly it.
And definitely need to breathe.
Read the input.
Like Iran? Yeah. No, no, I I. No, I I get it. I'm more like I
Air and a happens it it happens. OK.
said like.
If I was like, if I hadn't tested this like an hour before
we did this, I would be like ohh I messed up somewhere. Let me
figure out. I literally ran this script before I did this by like
60 minutes and it ran with no issues doing exactly what I did.
And now it's he was saying, right. But the address variable.
Ohh. OK, so that's what actually. And you say, Matthew,
the address variable is undefined when you do a for
loop.
You're actually defining a user available right here to be used
for the sequence.
So what's you're actually doing is setting a user variable
address, and then each time it iterates, that address is going
to be one, then two, then three.
And the thing that's.
Aaron, real quick, have you checked the IP address you're
trying to run the script on?
Yeah, yeah, yeah. It's an internal address. It's an
internal IP. And I literally use the exact same IP like I thought
I had this working an hour before and the exact same thing.
No changes, no anything.
Done. OK, let me go through those bin bash echo boom. Read
IP. If IP equals nothing then.
But it's not nothing. I'm not leaving it blank. Not kind of
what's tripping me up too is because this part right here is
only to say, hey, you didn't really select a network to
charge or to scan. So let's fix that.
Otherwise, if you actually input.
Let me actually do this, then let me do.
Let me just do this one. I'm going to see if I can bypass
that.
I'm going to try to bypass it with using an argument statement
and this will go back into running the argument. So I was
talking about earlier and I'm gonna have to figure that out,
but see if I can 192.168 dot zero and see if that will.
It's gonna tell me. Yeah, of course. I have to comment that
out.
And then just do this.
So the way it's supposed to run.
I literally just commented that out. Why are you?
OK, it's still asking for this.
Look and feel.
And This is why I stopped gifting for a long time because
I was running into things like this. And then you see the
answer and it's like that was, hey, there we go. The dumbest
answer in the world.
But yeah, so we threw that into a list and then we end map each
of the individual things.
So now, rather than pinging each individual IP address and then
in mapping each individual IP address, we now have a list of
all open ports in the network.
That's how simple it was supposed to be.
But for some reason it didn't want to do that.
I apologize, that's probably over the 15 minutes.
But yeah, let me just quickly because I didn't really explain
that very well.
So minus the if statement being a pain in my **** for whatever
reason. I don't know why it looks like it literally worked
an hour ago. I literally tested it was fine. I apologize. What
we're doing here is we're using a for statement. You can see
right here. Like I said before, we were setting the addr address
as a user defined variable to run through the sequence of 1 to
254. That's the most common.
IP addresses and especially in internal networks and things
like that. So when you're pinging the entire range.
We are using when you ping I'm doing desc one, it means only
send a single ping request. Especially in Linux if you only
if you just ping an IP address, it'll ping indefinitely until
you cancel it. So saying Bing.
Dassy won. It'll only send a single ping request and receive
or not receive a confirmation.
We're using the graph statement right here, and what we're
actually doing is grep is finding a certain.
Combination of words, characters, whatever within a
line and pulling that entire line so great by itself doesn't
just pull 64 bytes, it pulls the entirety of what that 64 bytes
looks like. So if I go ahead and do this really quick and let me
go ahead and do.
Paying 192.168 dot 0.1.
With the count of 1.
We see right here 64 bytes from and you get all this other
information as well. But when we're making.
If I actually show you the IP list.
That text that it creates this, so we actually use those grep.
Cut and truncate features that are in there to actually cut
down that entire line just to the IP addresses, and then we
use those IP addresses in the while statement. What we're
actually getting is the ability to end map each individual one
automatically rather than again having to go through and do
them.
You know, over and over again and you've or you have a
question.
Or a statement of how bad? That is terrible that was.
No, no, no, man. You. You did great. My question is when you
run that particular script for the.
Uh for that IP address? Can you run more than one IP address at
a time? Would that script or does it have to be one at a
time?
Right now it's one at that time only because I kind of threw
this together as a quick example. You probably could do
it as an individual.
I don't have it set up as an S1S2, but again for small ones
like this, the entire thing took 15.32 seconds to run and then
you could just run it again.
And you can actually, you know, do it over and over again. I
don't have a way at current to do it from multiple IP
addresses. I'm sure that there are ways to set it up that way
and this is kind of why I wanted to work with this so I could get
it even better.
Kind of throwing this together within the last week, especially
Got it.
of trying to narrow it down into that. I do want to expand upon
that, find out ways to you can also do nested loops as well. So
I'm doing 192.168 dot 0.1 dot 2.3 as a Class C network.
Basically being very you know.
Yeah, the three octets that are the network portion and the last
octet is the individual host. If you're going into like Class A
which for IP addresses like 10.0 and then the .0 dot 0.0 dot one
are the individual hosts, you could do nested loops with that
and do 4192.168 dot one, then do the entire sequence 1 to 254.2,
then do the entire sequence. You can use a nested loop to
actually go through each individual section by that as
well.
And when it that way.
As for running and this currently individual IP
addresses in one, what you have to look at is the way it is
actually currently reading the individual IP addresses as
being.
The statement and argument that I'm actually including in that
would not be able to currently handle that.
I apologize for running like 30 minutes rather than 15. I will
yield my time now.
And I'm going to tonight probably pick this apart 1 by 1.
Figure out why. Wanted to make me look like a butthead.
Thank you.
Great job, great job. I had this. No, but I had the same
Terrible job, but thank you.
problem last night on my when I was teaching my class, I was
showing them how to do the lab and I couldn't get it to work.
And that was really frustrating. So it happens to everybody.
I know it's just like.
It's.
Yeah, I'm gonna. I have to know why. Now is the thing.
Yeah, I figured it out and and I and I finished the class out. I
was like, see, I told you I could do it. So you'll you'll
get there. That was really great. I was. That's a lot of.
Uh, bash that I didn't know. So thank you very much.
Does anyone have any questions for Eric?
Actually I have like one more question. Uh so Aaron real
Shoot.
quick.
As far as if anybody's interested in like learning more
about the syntax for bash or where you found your
information, can you like provide like a link asking for a
Yeah, yeah, yeah. No, no. So the actual, the primary head of that
friend?
script, the initial ping sweep was actually the full 12 hour
course by the Cyber Mentor online. He walks you through how
to do that.
In there and it actually kind of got me interested in getting
back into back and that's kind of I was going through watching
some videos to get back into back when I was thinking about,
I wanted to do Bath versus Python for this, I realized, oh,
no, I can only do 15 minutes. Let's just just do bash.
That would have been a cluster mass on its own, so I ended up
actually going through watching some bash and Linux scripting
and all that stuff, and he showed that first snippet of the
four IP and sequence, and then how to ping sweep it and cut it
down and things like that. And I ended up adding the enmap
portion of it as well to make it so it took each individual thing
and then mapped it. And how you can use other things. It was
kind of primarily just to show how each of these individual.
Loops and the other functions can come together to do more.
Got it, got it. Thank you.
No problem.
Awesome. Awesome. Sean, I think you're up.
All righty then.
I'm sorry.
It shared my screen here.
Right. Ohh.
All right. My name is Shawn Perry. I'm going to do that. Do
Van Delta of Time management. Can everybody hear me? And see
my screen.
We can hear you, but I can't see your screen.
Ohh.
Well, the pregnant.
That would be it now.
No, not yet.
Are you clicking on the arrow up by the leave button and then
Yeah, that's Yep.
click in the desktop or?
Or a specific screen there. I think it's coming now. There you
go.
Yeah.
You're good.
First time.
At the back.
All right. My name is Shawn Perry. Uh, this is time
management to desando. I'm working from home or doing
school work.
So how do you use your time? Uh, the first thing you must do is
determine how much you can do in any given day. You want to be
able to.
Know exactly how much you can produce or do in a single day in
the what you're gonna do with this is you're gonna time
yourself out and make a schedule.
You want details of your current progress. You need to focus on
your activities that provide you a good return, meaning you want
to work in comfortable setting.
You don't want to, uh, stress yourself out or work on two
things. Too many things at one time. You wanna be honest on
your review of time that you spent, so you're not cheating
yourself, thinking you can get more done than you actually can.
Otherwise, when you start to schedule this out, you're going
to overwhelm yourself and fall far behind.
Uh.
Next, we'll, like I said, it's going to prioritize your day.
You can write this down. Don't try to tackle too many things at
once. You need to split it up into individual task and
individual goals. Keep it simple. You want to tackle one
task at a time. You want to list the task either by most
important or what's under urgency, restraints or time
restraints.
Uh, prioritize them down. Write them all down and follow them
down step by step, possibly making a block chart like you do
the risk assessments in order to divide them out and how you need
to get them done. Make a daily schedule and then schedule that
out for the whole week at a time. But don't go too far
beyond that, because then you get too far in the scope, and
sometimes those schools don't get mad.
Do you want to be able to take little chunks at a time, one
step at a time, one little bit at a time, and that way your
goals are always achievable. You wanna start from the top and
work your way down. If you hit a stopper during next schedule, go
to the next task and then go back to that task that you
didn't finish.
In my character head, if you work on something else and then
be able to go back and finish it.
A lot of things like that I used to try hack me your work or hack
the box. I switch up where what I'm doing and where I'm working
because I get stuck on a certain things.
Or command lines is another good example.
Uh assigned time limit to your scheduled. When you schedule up
a task, they should have a time listed to them. That way you can
keep track of how many minutes or hours you're working on a
certain project in order to space it out throughout the
time. It'll give you a good page for the day.
We'll keep you steady throughout the day. This also allowed for
our time balancing and to avoid stress.
Gives you mental clarity. You're less stressed over the fact that
you know you have a certain amount of time, time, and a
certain amount of event, and you're already scheduled out to
be done within that certain amount of time. If it's 8 hours
or 10 hours shift doesn't matter.
Uh scheduled task anywhere between 25 and 30 minutes and
then half small breaks in between. Get up, walk around,
get glass of water.
Or something that I like to do. If I take my dogs out when I'm
working from home, give them a bathroom break. Well, I take a
break.
Uh, after you've completed several breaks and or several
tasks, multiple tasks in a row, then you can just take a longer
break, get a snack.
Or whatever you like to do. Play a game on your phone. Buffers
are always needed, and that's what the assigned breaks are for
us for buffers. In order to keep your mind fresh and clear, and
then you're not stuck on any problem, take a break and get
clear your mind.
Eliminate distractions. You want to turn off the TV.
It is and other devices that may distract you from what you're
doing.
Soft music in the background is usually OK. It will call you to
you make you work better, but TV is not a good thing to put up
most the time there's action, gunshots, other things going on
in TV or something that's gonna pull your eyes and distract you
from it.
Sometimes it suggests that keep your phone out of the room or
turn it off.
If your phones there with you, then you're.
Tempted to be picking it up and looking at emails or texts that
family members are saying, we have a family group chat from
all lifetime of the family and they're always saying something.
When I used to work at anyone event or some in the basement I
come up because we're kind of computer and as soon as I hit
the main floor I get 30 texts all at once and it's very
distracting and hearing all that noise. A lock your animals out
of your room. I have several dogs and cats and.
The pet can be a distraction if they need to go out or they need
to bother you or they want you to play with them.
And then if you like my cat, he likes to come in and grab my
arms and wants me to give him a good petting and loving.
It's got some sharp claws. Another distraction is your
significant others. Your wife and kids. They can be
distractions. That's why it's good to set those time frames
because you can let them know that this is the time that
you're going to be working on. Whether it's school work or
working from home as I do on Friday.
Very important, keep them formed.
You need to build those buffers, develop bridges within your work
schedule.
Plan on breaks throughout the day when I'm at the office, I
take a break and I go walking around the building on the
inside. If it's inclement weather outside or I'll walk the
parking lot. If it's nice weather outside, it's just a
1010 minutes, maybe 5-10 minutes just to stretch my leg, get
myself off of the computer screen.
It helps you do more and less time.
Uh, it's refreshing for your mind and you become more
productive because of it. It helps increase your mental
well-being.
Uh, no breaks means you may burn out quicker. You'll end up with
fatigue or a lost engagement of the work process in your less
likely, be it burnout. If you have those built bunkers built
into your work day.
Avoid multitasking.
Walti tasking switches your brains from brains focus from
one area to another.
It tends to get you off track and you lose your extended
concentration that is needed for innovative thinking and this
will allow you to think outside the box, come up with new ideas
or a different plan to approach a certain problem. It takes time
to refocus your brain and it causes a loss of productivity on
average. A research study was done that 23 minutes to
completely refocus from one area to another, and that is a 40%
loss of your productive time.
Research shows that people who think they're good multitaskers
are actually worse at it.
These are just different time management tips from our derma
that I picked out some of them that are good to know are. It's
always good to determine or set up long term and short term
goals. Build your schedules around these and to meet those
goals. We'll remember there's always enough time to get things
done, especially if they're important.
Uh, keep paper and calendar with you in order to jump things down
that airport and for your notes and and dates for yourself and
your scheduling.
These are just another set of examples.
Quick reminder for yourself and place them where you can see
them. You can put them on a mirror in your bathroom or your
desk or on the TV.
Uh. They remind you of different goals that you need to attain or
different focuses. We need to remember.
Remember, you have to focus on one thing at a time.
Which till it's finished.
Keep it one step at a time. Always ask for advice if we're
confused or uncertain about anything you need to do for the
next and other. Always ask other people about their time
management tips. This is not an all inclusive.
Uh, it everybody's different and everybody does, just like
everybody's learning feed is different and how they learn is
different completely.
But most of all, you need to concentrate one thing at a time.
These are the references I used for this presentation and are
there any questions or comments?
Great job, Sean.
Thank you.
I think you're right about the people who think they're good.
Multitaskers are usually the ones that are not.
The.
Yeah.
I I agree, the more time I try to do, you know, two things at
once, I don't ever get either one of them done.
Yeah, you end up going backwards. Just step forwards.
When?
Yeah. Yeah, exactly.
Kerry, I think you are up.
Here I go.
All right.
Don't worry. Care. You can't do worse than me. You're fine.
Ohh please you did amazing. I your your information was way
above my head because I feel like I'm just kind of floating
through the IT world on a management level so I'm not
really.
I don't know. I don't have all the the skills, but I'm trying,
so I'm gonna just go over the history of women and information
technology. I'm not a master at it, but that's kind of what drew
me into this career. So I graduated high school in 99, and
I had no idea what I wanted to do. I ended up taking some
Community College classes, but I really, I realized I didn't
wanna do conventional school anymore. So I decided to become
a hair stylist. And so that's what I did. And Fast forward a
few decades.
Maybe just one and a half and the Navy moved me and my husband
to Japan, so I had to quit working and I started a family
and then we moved back to the states in 2017, and I decided to
go back to school. But again, I had no idea what I wanted to do.
So my husband had just graduated from Purdue, and I looked
through the catalog trying to decide what I wanted to do. I
wanted something. I enjoyed, something I could make some
money at and something that would also be able to travel
with us because he's still in the military. And we still
The party.
travel.
So I thought about it and realized how few women were in
IT, and even fewer that we're at a management level in IT. So I
love a challenge and decided that, Yep, this is what I wanna
do. So it management is what my degree will be in. I'm not a
master of anything other than my own demise. So I wanted to do my
presentation on a few women who helped pave the way for me and
others to have the opportunity to be in this field.
So this is uhm Augusta Ada Byron. She was the daughter of
Lord Byron, who was a famous poet. She was taught math and
science, which wasn't normal at the time because that was
strictly for men.
Her mother thought rigorous studies would keep her from
being Moody like her father, which I found hilarious. I one
of the first women admitted into the Royal Astronomical Society
at 17, she met her future mentor, mathematician and
inventor known as the father of the computer, Charles Babbage.
She was asked to translate an article on his analytical
engine. She translated it from French to English, adding her
own thoughts and ideas.
Her notes explain how codes could represent symbols, letters
and numbers, resulting in being considered the first computer
programmer. She also theorized a method for repeating a series of
instructions over and over, which is what we now call
looping in computer programming and 1980, the Department of
Defense named a computer language after her called Aida.
This is Grace hopper. She was an American mathematician and
retired Rear Admiral in the Navy, she helped develop UNIVAC,
one which is the first electronic commercial computer
and enable applications for COBOL. She taught math at Vassar
College before joining the Navy reserves in 1943. She actually
worked on Mark one, the first auto calculator, where she
coined the term a bug to explain an unexplained computer failure
because a moth had flown inside of her computer.
And cause it to stop working. She created an updated compiler
that translate programs programmers instructions into
computer codes. She retired from the Navy in 1966, but recalled
the following year to help create a cohesive computer
language. She was the oldest active duty officer in the
United States Navy when she retired at the age of 79 and
1986.
She was named the first computer Science Man of the Year in 1969
and posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in
2016.
This is Jean Bartik. During the World War Two, she was recruited
by the US Army as a human computer to help calculate
ballistic trajectories years before machine computers could
even make the calculations. After beginning work for the
army.
The electronic numeric integrator and computer project
was the first programmable electrical general purpose
digital computer, completed in 1945. That promise attract
trajectories faster than humanly possible.
She was one of the one of six women accepted to work on the
entire program.
She taught herself how to program any UAC?
After interviewing the engineers and studying the schematics and
while learning it, she developed several fundamentals for
programming such as subroutines and nesting, which is what most
programmers use today. She went on to program one of the
earliest commercial computers, Univac, the first general
purpose electrical digital computer.
And this is Julia Louison. She joined Microsoft in 1992, right
out of college, and began working on Microsoft Access. Her
team builds all compiler technologies at Microsoft,
including C + + C#, Visual Basic, TypeScript, and all
runtimes, just to name a few. She was one of the original
developers of Visual Studio and is now the head of. She's a
senior VP for Visual Studio and it's the most popular one run by
a woman engineer.
She has been described as an inspiration for women in
technology for actively promoting women in STEM.
These are some other.
Notable ladies and IT world is Annie Easley. She was known for
shattering the glass ceilings for women in STEM. She began her
career in the 50s as a human computer, much like Gene Bartik,
where she did computations for researchers by hand and even
developed a code that is still used in energy convert energy
conversion systems that created batteries for the hybrid
vehicles that are on the road today.
Hedy Lamarr was an Austrian American actress in the 30s and
40s and known as a bombshell with brands. They said she was
too pretty to be so smart.
Not only was she beautiful in an actress, but she also pioneered
the technology that laid the basis for Wi-Fi, GPS and
Bluetooth communication via communication system for the US
Navy to help throw radio guided torpedoes off their course in
1942.
On a merry Allen Wilkes is a lawyer and computer programmer
who was told an eighth grade by her geography teacher that she
could be should be a programmer just based on how her brain
worked. After college, she wanted to be a lawyer, but it
was a it wasn't.
I'm sorry. It was a male friendly occupation at the time,
so recalling her teachers word, she asked her parents to drive
her to MIT to apply for a job. In 1965, she became the first
person to ever use a mini computer, which was a link PC in
her living room.
And Adele Goldberg is a computer scientist who helped develop
multiple concepts related to OOP as well as a program language
called Small Talk 80, which she reluctantly showed to Steve
Jobs, which then became the basis for the Apple desktop.
So with the deep history of such amazing women, why aren't more
women in it now?
In 2017, a man who's been working for Google for four
years named James Demore sent an e-mail stating women have higher
rates of anxiety than men and couldn't thrive in the coding
world, stating that men system as well, women empathize. He was
later fired from Google stating that they could employ anyone
with such massive gender bias.
In the early 20th century, women were given more manned jobs due
to all the men going off to war and forcing society to think of
women as equal to men.
In the early in the 70s, society also began to realize how
important technology was starting to be in government and
in industry, and decided that men were the only ones who
should have these top level jobs. So they were given.
The jobs are given new advanced titles that, even though women
have been doing them for so long at lower pay and recognition.
And by the 90s, men and technology accounted for over
70% of computer science graduates. But thanks to the
Internet and women having the ability to reach a multitude of
other women, and IT opportunities began to grow.
And in 1994, Anita Borg created the Grace Hopper celebration of
Women in Computing Conference, which eventually led to the
Institute for Women and Technology, which continues to
help women with opportunities in IT today.
According to the labor of statistics, 26.7% of women of
sorry of a workers and computer related fields globally are
female with 47.7% of the entire workforce being women.
The past few years have seen women of all races become more
and more interested in technology, but the percentage
of women pursuing STEM subjects and higher education is still on
the decline and women have achieved just 18% of new
computer science degrees.
There is clearly still a long way to go to teach to reach
gender equality in the tech industry, but if the long
history of women's consistent, persisting and pioneering
involvement in the industry is going is anything to go by, the
21st century has the power and potential to go down in history
as the decade that truly tackled the gender gap in tech.
And these are some of the groups.
That promote women and helping them with IT.
The women in technology was is one of the main ones that I've
actually been a part of. It's located in DC, but as chapters
everywhere.
Umm ACM actually I am a part of the chapter with Purdue, but
there's also one specifically catered to women.
That I don't think that we have it here, but there are chapters.
There's mother coders, which is for women who have children, who
are also trying to get back out into the workforce, which I
really.
So like, I felt that just because I was in the same
position.
Umm, there's also girls who code, which my daughter has been
a part of.
Umm.
And Anita b.org and girls in tech. So there's a lot of.
A lot of options out there for women to get started then, and
that's all I have.
Bravo.
Wow, carry. That was really great.
That was, yeah, you were. You were worried. That was very
Uh.
informative and very good.
Thank you.
Yeah.
That's absolutely. Does anyone have any questions for Kerry?
Really great.
Thank you.
OK. And last but not least, Benjamin, I think you are up.
Hi everyone.
Hello.
Hello we can hear you.
If you're talking, we can't hear you.
Item for a second.
Yeah, I heard. Heard him say hi.
And we can't hear you now, Benjamin, if you're talking.
Can you hear me OK?
Yep.
A little it's it's light, but we can hear you.
Sentation the cause of this president?
Benjamin, we can barely hear you.
Can you hear me OK?
I don't know is that any better for anybody else?
So can you hear me OK?
No.
You sound like you're a bit farther from the mic. You sound
like a background more than.
Yeah.
You get.
Can you hear me?
That's better.
OK, it'll be I have to be very closer to my.
Yeah, it's, uh, you don't know if you have any like dampers on
your microphone or anything like that, but you just sound like
you were like across the room talking.
All right.
OK.
For the purpose of this presentation today.
I will be presenting on how to create a organizational you need
to.
Ohh user accounts in TV.
Directory on Window Server 2019 Active Directory.
Ohm.
But due to the time uh, I will be going to work. Uh, so pretty
late.
Uh, I was keep something. Uh, please permit me.
Ohh.
To do some things before my demo.
But the.
On the screen here. As you can see.
Ah, this is what I'm about to do. Ohh in my presentation,
trying to create organizational unit or user account and groups
in Windows Server 2019.
Lady.
So let me just.
People.
Yes.
It's the same.
So in in this demonstration I have already.
Uh, configure the Window Server 2019 Active Directory.
Uh in this machine?
This one on.
And everybody hear me, OK?
Yes, we can hear you fine now.
Yep.
So here I.
From you.
Today installing.
Start with you.
Was the events to my local servant.
Which you can see here that my computer name is WS2K190CO1 and
my domain is my laptop band.
So other things has been coming to God in this server.
To start, start creating.
The.
Organizational units.
In this server you have to go to the tooth on the go to Active
Directory users and computer.
Yeah, my machine is still sick. I'm not little slow.
Just be able to leave.
OK.
So in this panel.
There are certain containers there are. Here you can.
Ohh, configure the active directories or you can make use
of so but for the purpose of this demonstration I am going to
create.
The organizational unit in my lab dot bank.
So less.
Go ahead.
You going to you click on you.
So in this panel.
You can also use this object.
Uh to create groups. Organizational units.
Umm users.
In this object. So for this presentation I am going to.
Use organization, are you?
Yeah. As you can see at the object here, the organizational
units.
Ohm it says that create in my love dot band. So for me to
prove to proceed in this I have as an organizational unit which
presents which could be.
Ohh, the geographical location or geographical structure in the
in this organizational unit. However, I'm gonna be using my
location.
York.
Excuse me.
Again.
Ohso.
The add in.
But maintained here.
New York, excuse me.
These IT.
So under this IT like I did earlier with the New York.
Uh, there is a check mark here that says protect container from
accidental deletion. So with this as it check marked or.
It will protect this organizational units. You know
for any accidental deletion or in this case, as you can see
here is my lab dot van and the New York.
So I have to proceed on this, OK.
So I have created the department and I will also continue from
there and create a the users.
He declined.
Umm, in this place in this volume.
I still want to use another.
Another method in creating.
Uh, these organizational unit within these IT. So as you can
see up here.
Umm, you can see all the users.
Ohh you can create users from here. You can also create groups
and you can also create organizational unit in this
column. So now.
Ah, you still on the IT I will be using.
The same.
Volume 2.
Great.
Do you PGIP? I'm gonna use PGIP.
PGIP tech.
So so.
Please give me.
Benjamin, are you talking because we can't hear you?
No, I don't. I don't think he. I think I've heard of mumbling a
OK, OK, I heard something too. Yeah, I heard it too.
couple of times. I think it's just trying to. Yeah, he's kind
of just mumbling to himself while trying to figure out he
he's doing what I did basically. But he gets quiet. I start
yelling at things, but I was trying not to cuss in front of.
That's the one we have. Doctor Burton here very much a like.
May be a stupid question, Benjamin, but are you logged in
under like the admin account in order to actually access the
private disk for this?
Yes.
Ohh.
The.
I have to continue using it and see what is gonna be the outcome
in doing this.
Ah, this is the user that I am to assign a.
Or the users.
In this.
Ohh in this group.
So here let me proceed. And now.
My daily.
Use us.
This.
But mints.
Yeah, you know you use.
So one.
To populate here and.
Are we use? How are the user log on name?
I'm saying.
As you can see here, can you hear me OK?
Yes, Sir. Not in clear.
Now we couldn't hear you.
Yep, you're good.
So on the user logon name I put, I added a PGIP tech user one at
my lab dot band.
And as you can see on the user logon name, pretty window
installed 2000.
PGIP one. So let's proceed.
So on the password.
Schools here. That's my love, that band.
Uh, New York, IT PGIP tech.
So here is just to show all the informations which I have
already filling in the first column. So this is a a full name
PGIP tech user one and user logon name.
It's with the password, so let's click on finish.
We have added A1 user.
In this.
Group. So let's continue and add another user.
In this place, so am I going to use 2 users in this regard?
Speak with you.
To you.
On part.
That's good.
You can continue to mount.
If you continue.
Each. So here we have finally created A to users. So we are
going to continue to from here and create a group.
Inside this.
Uh, cool. So the group we are going to create is under this.
These.
After use.
And the second method and creating the group.
So let's God is group name in this object.
Uh.
The GDP.
So here.
You can see we have a group name PGIP underscores a user.
Ah, the group name with the IT came with the.
Group name Pray Window 2000 with this so under the group under
the global group Scope and The Globe and the Security group
Type. So we don't need to do anything from here, just click
OK.
Here.
You can see this is the group.
That's we have just created.
And this is the security group type and a global group scope.
So if we want to make changes in here.
I'm good estimate kind of correction hit enter.
Ohh, there's gonna be you know.
She knows, based on trying to limit, rename this group. This
is a PGIP take user need to make that correction here to put that
as to.
Like OK.
It's OK.
So no.
What's we are going to do in this demonstration is to add
this to users. This to user one and user two. You know in this
group.
In this place so.
What we gonna do is.
So go ahead.
On on this mean bus.
This mean Boston group.
OK.
Let's use bodies.
Here my domain user is my laptops.
Then.
To my shoes, so I.
Eat it.
So.
Device uh.
The list of.
Where Active Directory.
Domains you can you know, you can use this place to add most
of the Active Directory. If you really you know what depends
what you want to use it for. So. But for the purpose of this
demonstration.
I'm using.
Uh, the PGIP tech user to add them to this group. So. So let's
go ahead and click, OK.
So.
I have.
So you can see it's been updated here so you can apply and click
OK.
So.
It's still it's second one is to add.
The PGIP user too.
Nick.
To this group.
On this.
You see, I'll call you in France.
And at this PGIP tech.
It's be updated.
It's quick.
So.
Cheap.
Sean gates.
PGIP user one.
PGIP Tech user 2.
In this.
PGIP Tech uses US members.
So from here we have.
We have added the.
They use us. We have added the groups in this. We have added
the member of the groups in this demonstration.
So this is how you can.
Odd or create a organizational. You need users and.
Groups in Windows Server 2019 Active Directory.
So. Umm.
I try to see if I can delete this initially, but I couldn't.
Uh, let me just go back and see if I really I can be able to
make some deletion in just in case if our requires for any
deletion.
So just give me a little bit time. Thank you.
Right. So.
I don't want to be taking much of your time and my own.
I'm really sorry that I.
I don't really know what is happening with my machine right
now so.
I will take a leave.
Thank you very much.
Well, good job, Benjamin. I'm sure you'll figure it out. Don't
stay up too late trying to figure it out though, OK?
Anybody have any questions?
Oops, double me to talk about that I'm not particularly.
I'm just kind of curious case I'm I do the exact same thing
kind of figure out why things don't work.
When you try to delete, that does say.
That's either you don't have permissions or it's protected.
Is the little like. If you look at the icon on that particular
folder that you're trying to delay, the smaller little like
let's take a lock on it. Is it set to be like delete proof for
This morning.
some reason and the properties or anything like that either.
Like if we are right click on it and check the properties, would
The question.
it have a way to like prevent this from being deleted?
I have. I have tried this several times before. I can't
recommend it. Works fine. So I am starting. I am starting a
And it works fine.
Yeah, that's the same thing with me.
fresh demonstration in this. I've been deleting it and I've
been doing everything and this was working fine.
I you saw mine, man did the exact same thing. I know how it
goes. So I was just curious.
OK.
So I just don't know. I just don't know what to say.
No, no, I completely understandable. Like I said, I I
bought mine too. Just cause like you check it before. You're
like, OK, am I set like I even had it, like, OK, I want my
screen to be split so I can show one side and actually show where
the program is and what it says. And then this is kind of what
happens with it. And it was so set up and then I got into it
and it was like, we're not gonna work right now cuz you're in
front of everybody. And that's kind of how that works. So don't
even worry about it, man. It's still a lot of.
Did you did you open this as? Did you run it as administrator
when you open the program?
Yes, I run it as administrator.
OK.
As you can see from hold on. Let me show you something. So.
As you can see from here.
And you're running inside of a VM box as well, so it might
become a new trouble just cause it's running off of VirtualBox
for whatever reason.
You can see this.
Yeah. Ironic as administrator so.
Well.
I log in here and said Mr so.
That's actually an interesting concept, though I I don't know,
I haven't really worked with Active Directory enough, but
even being logged in as administrator, sometimes you're
not kind of enforcing administrator level privileges
until you actually right click it and tell it to run as
administrator so that it's not actually.
Giving too many permissions to people.
So being logged in as admin and actually using your admin level
privileges sometimes don't actually act the same thing.
Yeah, but this the first this is looking to use this to, you
But it's yeah, but if you're saying it's worked before, yeah.
know, make some delicious deletion.
Uh, you know, regards to this. But you know it keeps on, I
don't know what's really happening then.
Right. Yeah, no, we'll figure it out or you'll figure it, I'm
sure. Give some time and a lot of times with the IT. Expecially
it's one of those. Hit the head on the table like that was the
stupidest known fix. That really shouldn't have been an issue.
But for some reason it was. So I'm sure you'll get there.
Thank you guys.
I love your Homer Simpson, ma'am.
My favorite saying is it's always something.
Yeah, I like the Homer Simpson too.
Well, thank you everyone for participating and those that
contributed on tonight and.
I'm sure everyone is ready to to move on.
I don't know about you guys, but I am exhausted.
I'm.
Yeah, 2 hours of master class will do that.
Great job with windows, yeah.
But there was also some it every single one of them was awesome
It was. It was really great. Sorry, Tim. Go ahead.
though.
Yeah.
Ohh.
No, I was just saying every single one of them was great,
though for different reasons, but I I've been hearing just
really listening and your persistence, all of you that are
trying to figure out your stuff is just awesome.
I feel personally attacked.
This is.
No, I would have said OK next.
I almost did.
I don't.
No, not not in that way. Next, I would have said I don't care
anymore. I'm gonna do something else now.
Ah.
Let's see.
You're like one to figure it out and.
Right.
Yeah, I thought about doing a live demonstration and then
Right.
decided new.
And aren't you glad that you did?
Not.
No, not gonna go that route. Sorry.
Ohh.
My decision was based upon the fact that I'm terrible at
PowerPoint presentations and I'm I'm more comfortable this being
like, hey, here's what I'm trying to say. Let me just show
you.
And then things did not want to cooperate.
That's all good.
It's not bad when it works out the way it's supposed to.
All right, everyone.
Yep.
Ohh by the way, why have you here? Miss hatten? I didn't
Well.
notice that you you slipped into the the discord the other day.
I did. I did my my class told me last night. They're like, does
this class have a discord channel?
I'm like.
Not the entire the entire faculty and student body have
one at least right now. It's more that one is it focused but.
Yeah, yeah.
Yeah.
All right, everybody, I'm gonna say goodnight and we'll be
And.
stopping the recording. Have a great night. Have a great
weekend.
Remember to defrag.
Night everyone.
Anybody ever go on?
Yep. And let's hit the last meetings Monday and Tuesday with
a bang. Let's.
Let's do him hired cause it's gonna be a tear jerker, I hope.
Alright, have a good night everyone.
We'll be there.
Goodnight everyone.
OK, goodnight.
That all.
Thank you.
Goodnight.