Marjorie Furay: Hello and welcome everyone to master class this Thursday night, June 29th, 2023.
Marjorie Furay: I'm looking forward to this one.
Marjorie Furay: We've got 4 presenters this evening looking forward to what they have to say.
Marjorie Furay: This is a variety of topics which is going to be really cool and we should have some fun so we can get started with.
Marjorie Furay: We can go over here.
Marjorie Furay: Find my list mark, Are you ready?
Mark Schnepp: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: All right.
Mark Schnepp: Let me share my screen and make sure I got it set up correctly.
Mark Schnepp: Well, beginning.
Mark Schnepp: Uh, OK, so my presentation is on hearing aids.
Marjorie Furay: So we see your presenter page and not the full page.
Mark Schnepp: Ohh whoops.
Marjorie Furay: That's OK, it happens.
Marjorie Furay: Will be down to the bottom.
Marjorie Furay: You click the book.
Mark Schnepp: Walter, do that.
Mark Schnepp: Umm, stop sharing.
Mark Schnepp: Let me share that.
Mark Schnepp: So ohh, there we go.
Mark Schnepp: Is that better?
Marjorie Furay: That's it.
Mark Schnepp: OK, so my presentation is on hearing aids.
Mark Schnepp: Umm, so dating back as far as the 13th century, people have been trying to, uh, help with hearing loss.
Mark Schnepp: The first device used to help with hearing loss was hollowed out.
Mark Schnepp: Animal horns such as cow horns.
Mark Schnepp: Umm, they didn't really work that well because they didn't amplify the sound and it wasn't until the 18th century that the more sophisticated ear trumpet was invented.
Mark Schnepp: Your trumpet is basically a hollowed out horn with some fittings on it to make it a bit more comfortable, and the metal rim I would assume uh helps with sound quality.
Mark Schnepp: Umm, the stethoscope is another invention that helps with hearing, although it's not necessarily used to help with hearing loss.
Mark Schnepp: Doctor Renee Lenac invented the stethoscope in 1860 by rolling up a paper tube and using it as a funnel to hear his patients breathing.
Mark Schnepp: Realizing this amplified the sounds coming from the chest.
Mark Schnepp: He needed the stethoscope, which originated from the Greek words stephos, with some which means chest and scopion, which means to view or see.
Mark Schnepp: After the hearing trumpet gained popularity, some other inventions were made to help with hearing loss during a time way before cell phones or other electronics could be used to send a text message to get someone's attention to speaking to was invented.
Mark Schnepp: This speaking to was the first form of an intercom.
Mark Schnepp: One end was used to speak into while the other, uh, was a tube that came out of the wall and it was flared at the end, usually consisting of metal.
Mark Schnepp: That helped to amplify the sound.
Mark Schnepp: These were popular in Victorian times when it was considered inappropriate to shout or call for someone from another room.
Mark Schnepp: The discovery of electricity in the 17th hundreds brought tons of innovations.
Mark Schnepp: This of course included hearing devices, one of the most popular inventions of all time is the telephone.
Mark Schnepp: It was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1875, and soon people started to realize that they could hear better using a telephone rather than having an in person conversation being very intrigued by electricity and the inventions being created with it.
Mark Schnepp: Thomas Edison was determined to improve upon them.
Mark Schnepp: Saying Thomas Edison helped improve the telephone is a huge understatement.
Mark Schnepp: Ping vented the carbon transmitter in 1870, which increased the electrical signal and raised the volume by 15 decibels.
Mark Schnepp: This didn't just improve the telephone.
Mark Schnepp: It swung the doors wide open for future technological advancements.
Mark Schnepp: From 1902 to around 1921, the carbon hearing aid worked as an improvement, but was not the best because it delivered a scratching noise.
Mark Schnepp: The vacuum tube brought an even more improvement to the hearing aids, as well as many other technological advancements.
Mark Schnepp: The vacuum tube was incorporated into hearing aids in 1921, which had better control on the flow of electricity and increase the volume by 70 decibels.
Mark Schnepp: The major downside to vacuums?
Mark Schnepp: Vacuum tubes was that they were the size of a filing cabinet, which certainly didn't help with portability or being discreet, although still bulky, the vacuum tubes were made into a portable size in a box, and a receiver came out one end that the user could hold up to their ear.
Mark Schnepp: The next breakthrough was yet another major milestone in technology.
Mark Schnepp: See Bell Laboratories invented the transistor in 1948.
Mark Schnepp: The transistor can start and stop the flow of electricity.
Mark Schnepp: It can also control the volume on hearing devices to allow different settings.
Mark Schnepp: Norman Crimm, the inventor of the vacuum tube, saw even more potential in the transistor, which led to him inventing the junction transistor.
Mark Schnepp: This invention made it possible to make hearing aids even smaller, and eventually the first wearable behind the ear hearing aid was invented.
Mark Schnepp: I'm gonna jump forward a little bit now and talk a little bit more about modern technology.
Mark Schnepp: This is the Starkey Livio Edge AI hearing aid, integrated artificial intelligence, and increase the performance of hearing aids.
Mark Schnepp: These hearing aids bring sound quality.
Mark Schnepp: That was never possible before and can perform in the most challenging listening environments.
Mark Schnepp: Bluetooth technology has been around for a while, and it has also helped improve functionality and hearing aids.
Mark Schnepp: The Starkey hearing aids are made for iPhone hearing aids.
Mark Schnepp: This can be confusing because you would think well, it uses Bluetooth, so why doesn't it just connect to everything?
Mark Schnepp: Well, the voice is like smartphones have in each AC reading that was regulated by the FCC, which means umm.
Mark Schnepp: Hearing aid compatibility.
Mark Schnepp: UM.
Mark Schnepp: Smartphones usually have a reading of M3 and M4 or King 3 and T4.
Mark Schnepp: The M rating is for acoustic coupling and the T rating is for inductive coupling.
Mark Schnepp: As of right now, they're reading for Android devices is M3T3.
Mark Schnepp: And the rating for iPhone devices is M3T4.
Mark Schnepp: This means iPhones have a higher standard for hearing aid compatibility and a higher standard for Bluetooth connectivity, which is less likely to have any interference if you aren't an iPhone user, no worries.
Mark Schnepp: There are additional devices that will allow other devices, such as Android devices, to connect with hearing AIDS, but still the connection won't be as great.
Mark Schnepp: Most hearing aids come in multiple styles to offer users choices that will fit their lifestyles and personal preference.
Mark Schnepp: Behind the ear, hearing AIDS are the most common style.
Mark Schnepp: This style is easy to hold and adjust.
Mark Schnepp: The larger style allows for a larger battery and a longer battery life.
Mark Schnepp: The the receiver in the canal style is similar to behind the ear, but more compact, which gives the user more discretion when wearing the hearing aids.
Mark Schnepp: The size also provides more durability and features in the ear style.
Mark Schnepp: Hearing aids provide a custom fit in the users ear canal.
Mark Schnepp: The hearing aid does block up the entire ear canal, which provides pros and cons.
Mark Schnepp: A Pro is that it helps block out background noises.
Mark Schnepp: A con is that it blocks up the entire canal and it become can become irritating.
Mark Schnepp: Similar to in the ear canal.
Mark Schnepp: Uh.
Mark Schnepp: Sorry.
Mark Schnepp: Ohm similar to the in the ear.
Mark Schnepp: Slow in the air.
Mark Schnepp: Uh, the inner canal is a bit smaller, making it less visible then larger style.
Mark Schnepp: The completely in the canal style is a custom fit that has the entire hearing aid in the ear canal, with only the small handle used to remove it showing.
Mark Schnepp: Something to consider with the smaller styles is some features might be restricted because of the small size and they require a smaller battery and more frequent charging.
Mark Schnepp: The most discreet style available for this hearing aid is the invisible in the canal.
Mark Schnepp: Style it rusts even further in the ear canal, making it very difficult to notice the smaller sizes can have difficulties for people with disc dexterity issues, and although they are discreet, IT conduct the price of missing out on some functionality.
Mark Schnepp: Many hearing aids have rechargeable batteries, which is a huge relief for users, especially someone who has issues handling the small coin like batteries used in other hearing AIDS is also a huge step from having to carry around an electrical box to provide power.
Mark Schnepp: Recharging the hearing AIDS is just like recharging earbuds, it charged.
Mark Schnepp: Box is charged using a micro USB cord.
Mark Schnepp: The four small lights on the back of indicate the level of charge the box holds when the box is fully charged, it can fully recharge the hearing aids three times.
Mark Schnepp: To fully recharge the hearing aids, it takes about one hour.
Mark Schnepp: If you're in a rush, the box is not only portable, but can give the hearing AIDS 3 hours of use on a 15 minute charge.
Mark Schnepp: The two lights on the front of the box will blink green while the hearing aids are charging and hold a solid green when they are fully charged.
Mark Schnepp: If there are any connection issues, the light will turn red.
Mark Schnepp: The hearing aids have metal pins that will connect magnetically to the pedestals and the charge box, making it really easy to charge them.
Mark Schnepp: Starkey has the Thrive app that can be used on smart devices that connects to the hearing aids and is used to help control them.
Mark Schnepp: Umm, the app works sort of like a remote and helps to change the settings or the hearing aids.
Mark Schnepp: The main page of the app shows a few things and allows the user to navigate to other pages to change features.
Mark Schnepp: The user can control the volume of the hearing aids.
Mark Schnepp: The icon at the top right will show the battery levels of the hearing aids.
Mark Schnepp: The question icon allows the user to ask questions by speaking into the phone and the user will get a response that is streamed through the hearing aids.
Mark Schnepp: The round kind of pie chart shows a Wellness score, which I'll discuss on another slide along with the other features like the different settings that are shown on the blue bar.
Mark Schnepp: The overall Wellness score consists of two things, activity and engagement.
Mark Schnepp: They are tracked by the power of the artificial intelligence used in the hearing.
Mark Schnepp: Aids activity is measured by the users physical activity throughout the day.
Mark Schnepp: Much like health care or health trackers in smartphones, it tracks steps, exercise and time spent standing.
Mark Schnepp: The engagement tracks different sounds, such as different environments and conversations.
Mark Schnepp: All of this activity is important because they are needed to have a healthy brain.
Mark Schnepp: The memory settings can be found using the blue bar found on the main page.
Mark Schnepp: The different memory settings have presets and can be used for different environments to block out different unwanted noises.
Mark Schnepp: The user can also change the settings manually to block out background noise that suits their personal preference.
Mark Schnepp: The artificial intelligence can differentiate between different types of background noise, such as mechanical noises, wind and speech.
Mark Schnepp: The AI will also track the users geolocation and automatically change to that setting when the user is in that location.
Mark Schnepp: Again, one of the best settings with these specific hearing AIDS is mask mode and the height of the COVID pandemic face coverings and masks were mandated to go almost anywhere.
Mark Schnepp: This was a serious issue for people with hearing loss, as many of them depended on lip reading to depict what someone was saying.
Mark Schnepp: Mouse mode was made to help enhance the sound of the speech that is muffled by masks.
Mark Schnepp: There are several other features built into the Thrive app.
Mark Schnepp: The self Czech feature can be used to check the components of the hearing aid and will let the user know if something isn't working as well as the severity of the malfunction.
Mark Schnepp: The components to check are the microphone, the receiver and the circuit.
Mark Schnepp: A con to the custom sizes are they often will have to be sent to the manufacturer for repair.
Mark Schnepp: Well, styles like behind the ear hearing aids can be fixed by the audiologist right there in the office.
Mark Schnepp: The hearing aids are also able to detect falls.
Mark Schnepp: This feature works just like life alert, but the Thrive app will contact an emergency contact that is listed on the smartphone.
Mark Schnepp: The future that I considered the best is the translate and transcribe features.
Mark Schnepp: The user can set the languages being used in the conversation and the conversation will be translated and streamed to the hearing aids.
Mark Schnepp: The artificial intelligence can recognize over 25 languages and even.
Mark Schnepp: Uh.
Mark Schnepp: The transcribe feature is similar, but instead of streaming the conversation, it will transcribe the conversation into text on the phone.
Mark Schnepp: And I lost it.
Mark Schnepp: And there's a lot of other things that I have not covered and there's a ton of information that you can found can that you can find online.
Mark Schnepp: So that's my presentation.
Marjorie Furay: Excellent job.
Marjorie Furay: Excellent.
Sharleen Squires: Great.
Marjorie Furay: You know, it's this is not.
Marjorie Furay: This is not something that you would normally think about right?
Sharleen Squires: Mm-hmm.
Marjorie Furay: But look how it has grown so much to be able to help those with, you know, hearing disabilities.
Marjorie Furay: That's just awesome to see.
Marjorie Furay: That's very cool.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, it just came out too late for my husband because his doctor said nothing can be done.
Marjorie Furay: Ah, wow.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Sharleen Squires: At that point anyway, yeah.
Sharleen Squires: So, but we knew, I know sign language.
Marjorie Furay: That helped, yeah.
Sharleen Squires: So we we communicated with sign language, yes, yes, definitely helped a lot.
Marjorie Furay: Ohh.
Marjorie Furay: Well, that was very good, mark.
Marjorie Furay: That was excellent.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, that was nice.
Sharleen Squires: I liked it.
Mark Schnepp: We are.
Mark Schnepp: We came along way from sticking animal horns in our ears.
Marjorie Furay: Yes, and we don't have to walk around looking funny, right?
Sharleen Squires: Definitely. Uh.
Marjorie Furay: Who knows?
Sharleen Squires: That's interesting though.
Marjorie Furay: Maybe it'll come back like, like bell bottoms.
Marjorie Furay: Did you know?
Marjorie Furay: You never know.
Sharleen Squires: Umm I I wonder is it the length of the horn crucial to list hearing the sounds?
Sharleen Squires: I I wonder if that made a difference in that using the Horn.
Marjorie Furay: Hmm.
Sharleen Squires: I mean, I'm just a curious curiosity anyway.
Marjorie Furay: Right. Right, right.
Marjorie Furay: We don't.
Sharleen Squires: I don't have any horns to try it out, but I was kinda curious if the length of it change.
Sharleen Squires: You know, if it was longer for those who cannot hear was it to, could they hear better or did they have it shorter because they, you know, anyway?
Marjorie Furay: Still need a little bit right?
Marjorie Furay: I mean, you never know, right?
Marjorie Furay: It might have been something like that.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, I don't know.
Sharleen Squires: I just think about the can.
Sharleen Squires: Uh, you.
Sharleen Squires: You know how we used to do that?
Marjorie Furay: Yes.
Sharleen Squires: Can UM thing you know and try to talk to people with the can?
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, right.
Sharleen Squires: So yeah, I'm from the old school.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: No, me too.
Marjorie Furay: I remember it.
Marjorie Furay: That's right.
Sharleen Squires: Ah, yeah.
Landon Moore: Yeah, I think the the longer that they lower the harmonic is gonna be.
Landon Moore: So it might make it worse.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, true.
Sharleen Squires: Ohh interesting.
Sharleen Squires: I didn't think about that.
Landon Moore: Yeah, I think, yeah, I think probably the material composition is gonna be the better respect to optimize.
Sharleen Squires: True.
Marjorie Furay: Yep, exactly.
Landon Moore: If you're going with the go go primitive horn status.
Sharleen Squires: Huh.
Marjorie Furay: Right.
Sharleen Squires: That would have been interesting to see.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, how it worked.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, depends on the horn, right?
Sharleen Squires: Yeah.
Sharleen Squires: Or do you have a a?
Marjorie Furay: You might.
Sharleen Squires: You know, one of those elk horn, you know, like the sheep.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, you might not want one that actually has a a curve to it.
Marjorie Furay: You want more of a like a straight horn or something?
Sharleen Squires: More straight.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, that's funny.
Sharleen Squires: Ah ah.
Landon Moore: I'm just waiting to hear somebody hack one of these now.
Sharleen Squires: I know.
Marjorie Furay: Right, exactly.
Sharleen Squires: Could you use that task?
Sharleen Squires: Young elephant Tusk.
Marjorie Furay: If you if you drilled it umm empty probably.
Sharleen Squires: So I think it's hollow, but we can't experiment because it's illegal to have every task.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, it's illegal, right?
Marjorie Furay: Exactly.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Sharleen Squires: Bummer, yeah.
Marjorie Furay: So anyway, that was excellent, mark.
Marjorie Furay: That was a great idea to come up with something like that to present, so I really enjoyed that one.
Mark Schnepp: Thank you.
Mark Schnepp: Yeah, my entire time I have not heard hearing devices mentioned.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Mark Schnepp: No, like.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: So things change.
Marjorie Furay: Everything changes, so we gotta assume that's gonna change too.
Mark Schnepp: There is a newer hearing aid that I just found out about when I was doing research for this by the same company that the artificial intelligence can now.
Mark Schnepp: Umm.
Mark Schnepp: Imitate the cerebral cortex.
Marjorie Furay: Ah.
Marjorie Furay: Man.
Landon Moore: Yep, that's what we need now.
Landon Moore: More capacity.
Sharleen Squires: Yes, I agree.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Sharleen Squires: More capacity.
Marjorie Furay: Goodness.
Marjorie Furay: Alright.
Marjorie Furay: Let's go on to Nathan.
Marjorie Furay: Are you ready?
Nathan Crozier: Yep, I'm already.
Nathan Crozier: I don't see the option to uh oh, there it is.
Nathan Crozier: Alright.
Nathan Crozier: Can you see my I main screen there?
Marjorie Furay: Yes.
Sharleen Squires: Yes.
Nathan Crozier: OK, cool.
Nathan Crozier: Alright, I went with the evolutionist storage media in gaming.
Nathan Crozier: As you can tell, I just trying to cover the evolution from cartridges up to what we have today is a direct downloads where we just download across the Internet.
Nathan Crozier: There we go.
Nathan Crozier: Uh, so I started off with cartridges here.
Nathan Crozier: This is from the Fairchild Channel F it's the oldest thing I could find.
Nathan Crozier: Umm, that's not the oldest game I could find.
Nathan Crozier: I don't know what you're that ones from, but I decided to stick a cartridge up there just so it wouldn't be a just a console up on the screen.
Nathan Crozier: Umm, so while I do like the signature clack of inserting a cartridge, I still prefer just gaming today where we just download or whatever we want.
Nathan Crozier: Or we buy a physical key that just has a code on it.
Nathan Crozier: You put it into your system and then it gives you the game.
Nathan Crozier: Cartridges were popular back in the day because they had fast read and write speeds for their time.
Nathan Crozier: Umm, obviously things have speed up since then, but the downside was that was that every console had its own cartridges and you couldn't play all of the games on one console. Umm.
Nathan Crozier: To all gamers had to make a decision with that.
Nathan Crozier: They also had to decide which console had the best selection of games they could play and what they could do with the but their time.
Nathan Crozier: And if they could play with friends as well, cause some some consoles only were single player.
Nathan Crozier: Umm.
Nathan Crozier: Today we still see the use of cartridges with the Nintendo systems.
Nathan Crozier: The Nintendo DS, which just recently got phased out entirely.
Nathan Crozier: Umm has been replaced with the Nintendo Switch, which uses what looks to be an SD card.
Nathan Crozier: But it's still a cartridge because it's not an SD card alright.
Nathan Crozier: Next was the the data set for the Commodore 64 or the Commodore because there were multiple versions, it wasn't explicitly just the 64.
Nathan Crozier: Umm so the data set was the was the next set of media to be released that was used in gaming.
Nathan Crozier: It was popular in the 70s and the 80s as the Commodore 64 was a popular device to have, and the data set had limited limited popularity because it only ran on the Commodore, there wasn't any other systems that used it.
Nathan Crozier: Umm.
Nathan Crozier: Also, the data set as you can see is just like a a, just like a cassette tape.
Nathan Crozier: It's not really a fancy type of material, so you didn't have disk technology at the time, just barely.
Nathan Crozier: But uh yeah, they were limited as they could only be used either one side or the other, or both sides, and that was only about 150 kilobytes of data on each side of the set, so not much to work with.
Nathan Crozier: And they're obviously burn out over time, but I'm sure I I don't know if anybody here has ever burned out a cassette tape, but it does happen.
Nathan Crozier: Next is the laserdisc.
Nathan Crozier: And I found the oldest game I could find, which I guess you call it a game, is quarter horse, which was just a video recording of several horse races.
Nathan Crozier: And you would gamble on which horse you thought was going to win each race.
Nathan Crozier: Umm you could find them in arcades and in bars.
Nathan Crozier: I believe at the time Umm this came in the late 70s.
Nathan Crozier: As you can see, umm.
Nathan Crozier: Sorry, I'm just trying to catch up on my notes.
Nathan Crozier: It was popular at the at the time because it had audio and video storage for developers, but this this is much bigger than a CD, CD or DVD or Blu-ray, which I'll be covering later.
Nathan Crozier: Umm.
Nathan Crozier: And as it was bigger, it was also more prone to damage as bending a CD is basically ending it and getting scratches on it off.
Nathan Crozier: So obviously damages the disk.
Nathan Crozier: Umm, so the laser disk could also hold up to $1.00, not $1.00 one hour of, umm media at a time.
Nathan Crozier: So it wasn't so much a storage based idea, it was more of a not idea a storage based issue.
Nathan Crozier: It was more of a.
Nathan Crozier: It's hard to put it into roads.
Nathan Crozier: Holding one hour of video.
Nathan Crozier: So it wasn't like you were playing an actual game on the disc.
Nathan Crozier: It wasn't like it was reading the disc in different places at different times to project something on the screen.
Nathan Crozier: It was reading it ohm as if it were just a video.
Nathan Crozier: Now we move on to the floppy disk, which I thought was going to be the first one in the list, but the oldest I could find was a 1983 game called Bushido, which you play in your PC or check with the other device was mostly PCs, but there were some other devices that could play with floppy disks.
Nathan Crozier: There are popular for a time, just do their wide use in computers, but you could know another game called Doom that came out in 93 I believe, and that was a a graphic game that pushed for the development of time towards determining ratings for video games because there was ratings for movies.
Nathan Crozier: But at the time, video games could be whatever you wanted.
Nathan Crozier: And there was no restrictions.
Nathan Crozier: Umm floppy disks were preferred over the other sources of media.
Nathan Crozier: The 3.5 inch one at least because it was more dense.
Nathan Crozier: It was harder to break than the other ones, and it also lasted longer than, say, her data set or your laser disc in some cases.
Nathan Crozier: But nowadays you just find them and you can use them as a coaster on your coffee table.
Nathan Crozier: Umm, this particular model could have held up to one MB, but as time went on there were more more floppy disks of the same size that could hold up to, I think 6 megabytes at the uh maximum.
Nathan Crozier: There we go.
Nathan Crozier: And now we move on to compact disks, which the oldest game I could find was neutrophil, not the oldest game.
Nathan Crozier: The oldest game I could find was neutral speed on the 3D O, which was a compact disc player.
Nathan Crozier: It looks like a little DVD player, but you know those were the days and things could just be simple.
Nathan Crozier: Uh compact disks were were my main my main gaming adventure began with the Sega Dreamcast, which I should have pictured here, but I didn't ohh the CD allowed for more storage space and allowing bigger and better games to be developed. Umm.
Nathan Crozier: Uh, this was also offered with a smaller bit of media.
Nathan Crozier: Not so much smaller than a DVD or the floppy disk, but smaller than the compact.
Nathan Crozier: Or not.
Nathan Crozier: The compact the laser disk.
Nathan Crozier: Gosh, so it was roughly half the size or three, one quarter of the size of a laser disk.
Nathan Crozier: So it was much easier to store and less likely to be damaged. Umm.
Nathan Crozier: So another device that used the CD later on was the PlayStation one.
Nathan Crozier: You may have known that, or you may know it's success or the PlayStation two, which used DVDs.
Nathan Crozier: We'll get to that next ohm the bonus to a compact disc was that could hold 700 megabytes of data.
Nathan Crozier: Umm.
Nathan Crozier: Or maybe, but maybe bytes of data, not megabytes.
Nathan Crozier: They used a different term back then and it means a slightly different thing, slightly different amount of data.
Nathan Crozier: It's.
Nathan Crozier: I can't remember.
Nathan Crozier: It's like to the second part.
Nathan Crozier: It's the 20th power or to the second power of data.
Nathan Crozier: It's slightly more than 700 megabytes just to put it simply.
Nathan Crozier: So we've got DVD's next and with the launch of the PS2 and the Xbox, the CD had been phased out to permit the use of DVD's.
Nathan Crozier: Umm, like with the developments in the past.
Nathan Crozier: This gave even more space for developers to work with and produce higher quality content.
Nathan Crozier: DVD is also had a higher rotational speed than CD's, which allowed for faster data transfer between the device and the disk.
Nathan Crozier: I've selected the PS2 here to show it as the selected the PS2 here as it's the most popular selling console of all time.
Nathan Crozier: The Nintendo Switch is catching up, I believe, but it's up there with like 150 million or or on that I think I didn't write the number down because I'm an idiot.
Nathan Crozier: But but it's up there.
Nathan Crozier: You can find it on Wikipedia.
Nathan Crozier: I'm sure it's one Glen Google search away. Umm.
Nathan Crozier: At at the dawn of the DVD, it was only ever up to 4.7 gigabytes and I'm using the dawn here because this is the year 2000 is what I've marked up there.
Nathan Crozier: As time went on, they helped more and more data as they were.
Nathan Crozier: They were not double sided, but they had double layered.
Nathan Crozier: So you could have extra data in there.
Nathan Crozier: Now we've reached one that's easily overlooked.
Nathan Crozier: It's the mini DVD.
Nathan Crozier: Umm it was adopted by an Nintendo because they didn't want to pay full for full sized DVD licensing and it was a good idea in the short term because it limited piracy at the time as it was harder to read.
Nathan Crozier: I'm an advice on a regular DVD player.
Nathan Crozier: Umm, but it never really took off in popularity because it had reduced storage size when compared to the DVD player or compared to the DVD.
Nathan Crozier: Right, the single layered models held up to 1.46 gigabytes.
Nathan Crozier: So that's drastically less.
Nathan Crozier: It was 4.7 on a regular DVD.
Nathan Crozier: And then this is one of the only one of the two pieces of gaming media that I've never held.
Nathan Crozier: Umm, I've never used a data set before or the UMD, which is the universal media disc, and while this media makes use of the word universal, it was primarily the used by its developers.
Nathan Crozier: Sony there was not much else that ever made use of it.
Nathan Crozier: At the time it was made to fit their standard handheld device, the PSP UMD could hold up to 900 megabytes of data on a single layer, and if it was double layer, it could hold 1.8 gigabytes.
Nathan Crozier: So, as with all of these, I'm sorry if I didn't show.
Nathan Crozier: I've been waiting my mouse on the wrong screen this whole time, but I really did these to the release of the media and then the game that came out the closest to that release date.
Nathan Crozier: I apologize for not making that clear sooner and I've been waving my mouth like I said on the wrong screen.
Nathan Crozier: Uh next came the Blu Ray player, which was a debacle for a lot of people because if you had a European disc you couldn't play it on an American DVD player or Blu Ray player and it was just a struggle for a lot of people.
Nathan Crozier: But on the PlayStation three was the first to use a Blu ray player.
Nathan Crozier: It came in a year after the Xbox 360, and that's when the the blue ray was invented or developed.
Nathan Crozier: So they made use of it that way.
Nathan Crozier: Uh allowed for higher resolution textures and more storage space on each disk.
Nathan Crozier: Ohm, as I said, the Xbox was a year earlier and it made use of HD DVD's instead of just regular DVD's.
Nathan Crozier: Umm, a Blu-ray single layer as was in this initial time, could hold on 2.5 gigabytes of not 2.525 gigabytes of data on a single layer.
Nathan Crozier: And if it was a dual layer, it could hold up to 66 gigabytes.
Nathan Crozier: Umm, but it's not likely that there was this a dual layer Blu-ray on the initial launch of the Blu-ray.
Nathan Crozier: So that's I've gonna stick with the 25 GB number.
Nathan Crozier: Umm, but I'd like to include that Blu rays actually have a potential of four layers instead of just two like a normal DVD.
Nathan Crozier: This allows up to 128 gigabytes of storage, but I doubt that ever reached this era of console.
Nathan Crozier: And now we're moving on to today, which has UM streaming and direct downloads. Umm.
Nathan Crozier: For a long time, uh consoles and PC's have had internal storage that allowed you to download games and sometimes keep them digitally.
Nathan Crozier: Sorry.
Nathan Crozier: Give me a second.
Nathan Crozier: I have to cough.
Nathan Crozier: OK, a long for digital downloads on these devices meant that players didn't.
Nathan Crozier: Gamers didn't need a physical copy to keep track of which over time, physical.
Nathan Crozier: CD's for the ornet CDs Blu rays.
Nathan Crozier: Physical Blu rays for consoles turned into product keys rather than actual games, so you would still download it directly from the Internet to your console ohm.
Nathan Crozier: There's also cases where you could buy a a card or like a it looks like a gift card, and then you peel off the back and there would be your key code to get the game on your console.
Nathan Crozier: Umm.
Nathan Crozier: However, after using this, it would be locked to your account so only you could play it unless you signed it on someone else's account and downloaded the game again.
Nathan Crozier: Whereas with CD and DVD's and Blu Rays in the past you could just put it into a console and then you'd have the game. Umm.
Nathan Crozier: So storage in this case would be on an SSD or a standard disk drive instead of like on the physical media.
Nathan Crozier: And then umm, I included streaming here because while it's not a physical media, it's the latest type of development development.
Nathan Crozier: It's trying to be pushed out towards gamers, so streaming had a rocky, rocky start as it required an fast Internet connection and uninterrupted Internet.
Nathan Crozier: So if you had any type of issues, if you're in, it was slow.
Nathan Crozier: If you had spotty connections due to clouds with a satellite dish or something like that, you would lose connection in the game.
Nathan Crozier: Would disconnect and you'd have to reconnect to the game hoping that your status was saved and that you could continue where you started off.
Nathan Crozier: But what this did allow is for gamers to play without having storage media at their house.
Nathan Crozier: So you could play on your phone, let's say, and without downloading the game to your phone, you could still play the game regardless of its size, as if you were playing it right there and then. Umm.
Nathan Crozier: I'm going to include something here the the the Google stadia.
Nathan Crozier: If you've heard of that was a gaming streaming service that went up and went down and roughly three to five years, I believe.
Nathan Crozier: Umm, just there weren't enough people that bought into it because they didn't see the simplicity of it and the the safety I guess of it because what ended up happening was the company decided.
Nathan Crozier: Ohh it's not profitable and so they cut the service and so every game that anyone had bought on Google Stadia was now gone.
Nathan Crozier: They didn't have physical media.
Nathan Crozier: They could fall back on.
Nathan Crozier: They just lost access to all those games that they had bought. Umm.
Nathan Crozier: So now I have Question Time.
Nathan Crozier: If anyone has any.
Nathan Crozier: Alright then it's my sources.
Marjorie Furay: Well, that was really good.
Marjorie Furay: You brought me back.
Marjorie Furay: That's the way. Way back.
Marjorie Furay: That's for sure.
Marjorie Furay: My uncle had the Commodore with the tapes.
Marjorie Furay: That was the first time I had seen that.
Nathan Crozier: Yep, I've helped my dad's laser laser disc.
Nathan Crozier: I don't remember what's on it, but I've held that before and then the data set I've never seen or in person at least.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, it's crazy.
Marjorie Furay: What we've we've what we've been through to now, we don't even have to hold anything.
Marjorie Furay: You just download it.
Marjorie Furay: I hate it cause I'm like, you know, I'm old school.
Marjorie Furay: It's like, no, we the kids wanna get these steam games and I'm like.
Marjorie Furay: I don't.
Marjorie Furay: Aren't you worry you're gonna lose the steam game.
Marjorie Furay: They're like, no, I can change it out and download it every time I need it.
Marjorie Furay: I'm thinking man.
Rikki Boodram: He 'cause it's it's in the deer cloud.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Sharleen Squires: Yes.
Sharleen Squires: And the call I have one.
Marjorie Furay: No, I have to have the disk.
Rikki Boodram: Yep.
Marjorie Furay: Sorry, I just I need the disk.
Marjorie Furay: It's nothing's tangible anymore, you know.
Sharleen Squires: They they won't give you this.
Sharleen Squires: You have to.
Marjorie Furay: I know it's just to me.
Sharleen Squires: I don't know how you can get one.
Marjorie Furay: It's just like money.
Marjorie Furay: Nothing's tangible.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, uh.
Marjorie Furay: It's like money goes.
Marjorie Furay: You'd like.
Marjorie Furay: That's it.
Marjorie Furay: It's hard.
Marjorie Furay: I'm just old school.
Sharleen Squires: It's a.
Landon Moore: So the the real question is what's gonna be next?
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, right.
Sharleen Squires: Ohh yeah.
Landon Moore: Because virtual reality, you know my games are gonna get more and more memory needing and it download times are always tough.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, I don't know.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: You gonna?
Landon Moore: A quantum crystals.
Sharleen Squires: Hey, sounds good.
Sharleen Squires: Sounds good.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, exactly right.
Marjorie Furay: This is great because it's a good conversation piece.
Marjorie Furay: I mean, sheesh, wow.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, it brought a lot of memories back to me.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, a cloud service.
Sharleen Squires: Look, you know, hearing all this.
Marjorie Furay: I mean, it's right.
Sharleen Squires: Umm.
Marjorie Furay: It could be something like if you're not going to get something that has to be downloaded, you actually go on there and you play it.
Marjorie Furay: So now we're getting into those games that we can already play.
Sharleen Squires: Hmm.
Marjorie Furay: Like I think the last one I played online was D&D, you know, and or.
Marjorie Furay: Well, yeah.
Marjorie Furay: You play wow, you play, you know, and all those you go online and you play them and it saves it.
Marjorie Furay: And is that what it's gonna come to?
Marjorie Furay: That everything's gonna be online.
Sharleen Squires: Hard to say.
Sharleen Squires: I know.
Marjorie Furay: Umm.
Landon Moore: Just remember the cassettes you used to have to save your programs on them, and then you accidentally put it in your your cassette player and you listen to it.
Landon Moore: It's not the same thing.
Marjorie Furay: Now my uncle was telling me about that.
Sharleen Squires: That doesn't work that way.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah. Umm.
Marjorie Furay: You can mess them up and like, how do you do that?
Marjorie Furay: And he's like, well, just like you would, you know, record a a song or something.
Marjorie Furay: You just record it on there like, wow, it was great.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, you could also break it.
Marjorie Furay: You could also bring it, yeah.
Marjorie Furay: So.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, but the tapes that was bad.
Sharleen Squires: And then you've tried to figure out how can you splice it back.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, right.
Landon Moore: They used to sell kits to do that.
Marjorie Furay: Yep, that's right.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, I know, I know, but.
Marjorie Furay: There's only so many generations.
Marjorie Furay: Remember what a pen is used for, right?
Sharleen Squires: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: Work set tape.
Sharleen Squires: But you can also use a pen on Apple the you know the iPad on tablets.
Marjorie Furay: Oh yeah, right.
Marjorie Furay: The for the pin holes.
Marjorie Furay: Yep, Yep.
Sharleen Squires: Umm, so it depends on which pen you're talking about.
Marjorie Furay: Right.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, exactly.
Marjorie Furay: That's true.
Sharleen Squires: The real pencil pen.
Sharleen Squires: Paper. Paper.
Marjorie Furay: The pen I'm talking like a A BIC pen. You know.
Marjorie Furay: No ink pen.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah.
Sharleen Squires: No such thing.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, when you had to wind your cassette tape back up, you know.
Sharleen Squires: Uh-huh.
Landon Moore: Yeah.
Landon Moore: To find the right program that you saved.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: Exactly.
Sharleen Squires: Ooh, that would be hard.
Marjorie Furay: Ohhh my gosh.
Marjorie Furay: Mm-hmm.
Landon Moore: Well, you had to make sure you wrote down where it was on the tape from the counter.
Sharleen Squires: Umm.
Sharleen Squires: True, true.
Marjorie Furay: Umm yeah, yeah.
Sharleen Squires: Like man, my neighbor find it.
Marjorie Furay: Boy's life was so much more difficult back then, wasn't it?
Sharleen Squires: Well, we had a lot more challenges in those days.
Marjorie Furay: And we did because we didn't know better.
Sharleen Squires: I did some creative things.
Marjorie Furay: So that was definitely something, yeah.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, I did some creative things with my things, but.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Landon Moore: Yeah.
Landon Moore: But we we got excited for four KB.
Marjorie Furay: Ah yeah, exactly.
Sharleen Squires: I know it's terrible.
Marjorie Furay: Ohh I got a 5 gig hard drive.
Marjorie Furay: Isn't that awesome?
Sharleen Squires: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: I mean, yeah, I loved it.
Marjorie Furay: Well that.
Sharleen Squires: Ohh.
Bradley Marker: Well, back then at least, you actually got to own the uh media like currently like, I think HBO is doing it, but they're just deleting shows and now there's no way to see him anymore.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Sharleen Squires: Ah.
Bradley Marker: And if that's how games go, like if you need to redownload or someone, or they're just like it's gone.
Sharleen Squires: Uh.
Marjorie Furay: Yep.
Bradley Marker: Even Amazon, when you buy in quotation movies from them online, there's a thing saying if they lose the licensing, you're just out that money and can no longer watch the medium.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, see, and that's just wrong.
Sharleen Squires: Ah, that's not fair.
Sharleen Squires: Umm.
Bradley Marker: Umm, it's not, but like you agree to it and that terms of service, it's just like those 300 pages they.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, but who reads the terms of servant?
Sharleen Squires: But they don't read it.
Marjorie Furay: Who reads that?
Sharleen Squires: Umm.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, yeah. Amazing.
Sharleen Squires: Bummer.
Bradley Marker: No one, and it's also been proven in court that you cannot hold up terms and services if people violate them, because if they're after a certain length and so right, it's one of those things where they'll eat sneaky with it and you basically lose everything with they decide they don't want to give it anymore.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Bradley Marker: So that's what I think it will happen to games once they go digital.
Bradley Marker: It'd be like ohh sorry you you bought this game for $100.
Bradley Marker: We just don't have it anymore.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, sorry.
Sharleen Squires: Mm-hmm.
Bradley Marker: You're just out that money.
Bradley Marker: We're not refunding or giving you a different game for the same price.
Bradley Marker: It's just gone.
Marjorie Furay: It's just terrible.
Sharleen Squires: Bummer, especially if it's a game you like, yeah.
Bradley Marker: Umm, that's why I prefer umm.
Bradley Marker: That's why I prefer buying discs and everything.
Bradley Marker: It's like, no, I I want it.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, even movies.
Bradley Marker: Yeah, yeah.
Marjorie Furay: You know, if you find a movie that you really, really love, just buy the movie because you know that you're gonna.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: You're gonna be sitting on that Blu-ray player that you have forever anyways, so just like if you still have a VHS player, I I wish I still had my VHS players and and tape decks.
Bradley Marker: Mm-hmm.
Marjorie Furay: You know, I have a I have a an A record player.
Sharleen Squires: Hmm.
Marjorie Furay: I do have one I wish I had my old one because this one's a cheap one.
Marjorie Furay: One.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: But you know, we always tend to go back, right?
Marjorie Furay: It always comes around if you live long enough.
Marjorie Furay: It'll come around.
Sharleen Squires: Mm-hmm. Yep.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, I know it's back in style.
Marjorie Furay: Well, I know they have records at Walmart.
Landon Moore: Will record players are actually back in back in now all the all that analog technology.
Marjorie Furay: I know that records at Walmart.
Marjorie Furay: I love it.
Landon Moore: And if you have, if you have a VHS player, be careful.
Landon Moore: Those those use magnets and those magnets do lose their magnetism over time.
Landon Moore: I've had several that I've had to replace the magnets on.
Sharleen Squires: Ah.
Marjorie Furay: Really, I didn't know that.
Landon Moore: Oh yeah.
Sharleen Squires: I didn't know either. Umm.
Marjorie Furay: While your topic was wonderful because it started off in so many conversations, what a great job that was really good.
Sharleen Squires: I enjoyed it.
Marjorie Furay: We don't think about these things.
Nathan Crozier: Thank you.
Marjorie Furay: Yes, it was great.
Marjorie Furay: All right, let's do Alec Kramer.
Marjorie Furay: Alec, are you there? Yes.
Alec Kramer: Yes, so I apologize.
Marjorie Furay: No problem.
Marjorie Furay: There you are.
Alec Kramer: Umm, I had to give up.
Alec Kramer: I have.
Alec Kramer: I have a class at 10.
Marjorie Furay: Do you wanna reschedule?
Alec Kramer: I forgot, so let me just make this kind of quick, but umm yeah, no.
Alec Kramer: I just told him I'll be a little late.
Alec Kramer: I'm totally fine.
Marjorie Furay: OK, alright.
Alec Kramer: Yeah, I'd rather.
Alec Kramer: Get this out of the way.
Marjorie Furay: OK.
Alec Kramer: Can you see my screen?
Sharleen Squires: Yes.
Marjorie Furay: Yes.
Alec Kramer: OK.
Alec Kramer: So, as Nathan did video games, I argued, cover the storage and video games.
Alec Kramer: I also covered something in video games, but rather I'm doing pseudocode in video games, and while I'm not too familiar with a coding, I would like to be in the future.
Alec Kramer: So I'm gonna cover SHAO code.
Alec Kramer: Could no more about that.
Alec Kramer: So for a little uh, you know, definition of pseudocode, what pseudocode is pseudocode represents coding without the needing of a programming language.
Alec Kramer: This gives developers a better understanding before using language, so it's it's she's sharp Java or Python.
Alec Kramer: This can be used in app development.
Alec Kramer: Data science and web development.
Alec Kramer: All of the developers start working out a process before being in code, so Ruby C Sharp.
Alec Kramer: They both are like a commands that are used in languages, so those are some things that they have to use with studio code.
Alec Kramer: It's an easier understanding for those with basic programming skills, so it's a starting point for a lot of individuals.
Alec Kramer: I use this as well when building switches that were case statements, which I'll discuss here in a second and then umm pseudocode helps.
Alec Kramer: It translates code into syntax and what syntax is which I didn't know was.
Alec Kramer: They're just rules for defining a language, so as naming conversations, class names, files names.
Alec Kramer: Umm, every language has their own like ohm rules for code before you beginning.
Alec Kramer: Umm.
Alec Kramer: Programming on the so for the first type of pseudocode is switches.
Alec Kramer: I use this to or task or performed in a linear manner, umm.
Alec Kramer: Events take place as specific actions occur or character is in a desired location.
Alec Kramer: So once a character reaches a location or completes a task, the next problem be shown.
Alec Kramer: Switches turn on or off based on the events, so examples of this include Gears of War.
Alec Kramer: So this one like in Gears of War, when you reach a certain checkpoint or reach a certain checkpoint or prompt, will be showing to tell you on what's going to happen next.
Alec Kramer: So it's kind of a linear type scenario where where one thing happens then this will happen.
Alec Kramer: I'm pokemons, probably the best example because you can't umm progress through the game without completing something else first, so you have to do one thing before the next thing in Mario for example.
Alec Kramer: I don't know if anyone.
Alec Kramer: I mean, I'm sure everyone's played Mario.
Alec Kramer: Maybe a little bit, but like, once you reach the flag bowl, then you can go to the next elbow or open the next level.
Alec Kramer: You can't just go straight to the do any level you want.
Alec Kramer: You have to do it for one thing, to the next, and then a quick time sequences.
Alec Kramer: These are actions that appear when the player must perform on movement.
Alec Kramer: So like in Bayonetta, humidor Resident Evil, all these games have like a tutorial type sequence to where when you start the game and we'll say press A to jump or something or press X to fly.
Alec Kramer: Umm, these are quick time they tell you to do it right away and then after that I'll prompted to do another thing.
Alec Kramer: Uh.
Alec Kramer: Loops and Sudoku code, so these are instructions that have a continuously until a condition is met.
Alec Kramer: Umm, these events occur over and over, so games will repeat dialogue or a function until the process is disposed of.
Alec Kramer: Uh.
Alec Kramer: Through a brake loop, these loops are for loops, while loops, nested loops, 4 leaf.
Alec Kramer: They're just loops that keep repeating over and over.
Alec Kramer: Those are the most basic example.
Alec Kramer: While loops are like a conditional type scenario.
Alec Kramer: So where while one thing is occurring, something else will loop and the loop won't break until on the other uh lupins completed or the other task is completed 1st and then a nested loop which is really confusing.
Alec Kramer: It's like a loop inside another loop, so when umm let me think 1 won't loop is being one while loop is taking place.
Alec Kramer: Then if you prompt a certain.
Alec Kramer: I'm scenario another loop will take place depending on what you choose and the only way to break it is through certain conditions.
Alec Kramer: On examples include Halo, Halo is like umm, so basically in Halo when you die, you respawn and you're stuck in a loop cause you're gonna continue to respond until a condition is meant.
Alec Kramer: So like when the game ends, says a amount of kills is over.
Alec Kramer: And on the webpage posted, torturous is another one because they keep giving you blocks until the level is completed or you'll lose.
Alec Kramer: Legend is all that I'm sure people aren't too familiar with that ones.
Alec Kramer: I'll skip that one and then Groundhog Day, which isn't a game, but I mean for people who aren't gamers, I guess that's the easiest example where Bill Murray is kind of stuck in a loop over and over until he finally comes with some OK epiphany.
Alec Kramer: And then he can now break the loop and then breaking the loop.
Alec Kramer: Just lets you continue forward in the game.
Alec Kramer: One second.
Alec Kramer: So variables variables are the ones that store formation.
Alec Kramer: This can be numerical string fixed or changing ohm values that alter dependent upon the condition.
Alec Kramer: So if a variable is that one, this event occurs of a variables at 2.
Alec Kramer: This event occurs and so on and so forth.
Alec Kramer: I mean, I guess that's more for loop variables, cause loop variables are just numbers, whereas they'll change based on a certain threshold.
Alec Kramer: Umm.
Alec Kramer: And then some examples of this are pong.
Alec Kramer: Congress has the number go up as a person scores.
Alec Kramer: Umm, so that's probably the most basic example.
Alec Kramer: And then, Zach the Hedgehog collects a certain amount of rings, but differently than pong, the rings can go down and you can go back down to the arrow, and then the variable can go up again, although those numbers really don't have a condition set, they just go up or down and then harvest Moon.
Alec Kramer: Stardew Valley, which is just like a farming game, is where you befriend people and then you can gain hearts, and those can also go up or down.
Alec Kramer: And once a certain amount of hearts is reached, then a condition could take place to the point where if someone can get married or you know.
Alec Kramer: Yeah, certain gifts from and PC's and whatnot.
Alec Kramer: On the last one is a conditional branch.
Alec Kramer: Umm this is a if else statement.
Alec Kramer: Umm.
Alec Kramer: So if something is set to true, these events will occur false.
Alec Kramer: The other events worker.
Alec Kramer: Ohh, these are used a lot, especially in studio code, because this determines whether one thing is gonna happen or not.
Alec Kramer: They changed the outcome depending upon the choice conditions of variables, sequences and so on.
Alec Kramer: Umm, they're definitely the most complex.
Alec Kramer: A lot of alterations when making a video game.
Alec Kramer: Some examples include Call of Duty with the health system, so if it's zero then you die, but otherwise, then you're still alive and you keep playing.
Alec Kramer: So that's like an.
Alec Kramer: If, then they'll.
Alec Kramer: Or if then statement Umm Minecraft on based on a certain Biome you answer, then the weather might change or certain enemies will appear and then Simon Says which is not really.
Alec Kramer: It's kind of a game out of video game though, but Simon Says a very busy example.
Alec Kramer: If you press the right button, the game continues then.
Alec Kramer: Otherwise you have to start all over and I'm gonna try to do a quick demonstration so I don't know.
Alec Kramer: Do I need to stop sharing and then reshare, or can I just switch tabs?
Alec Kramer: Can you see this tab right now?
Marjorie Furay: And you need to switch windows, yeah.
Alec Kramer: OK, so stop sharing and then OK.
Alec Kramer: One second.
Marjorie Furay: You can use window.
Alec Kramer: OK, there we go.
Marjorie Furay: Make sure everybody's everything's on the same screen and then you can just switch tabs.
Marjorie Furay: Hey, it's fine.
Alec Kramer: Ohh I just stopped sharing and resharing is OK.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, you got it.
Marjorie Furay: I see it.
Alec Kramer: OK, alright.
Alec Kramer: I'm gonna do so I'm using RPG maker.
Alec Kramer: RPG is the easiest thing for me to understand when it comes to the pseudo code because it gives you a great demonstration of how it all works.
Alec Kramer: I'll, I'll start.
Alec Kramer: I'll do make this quick.
Alec Kramer: I'll start with the code and they are all start out with the functions work and then I'll show how the code is so you're going, I don't know if you're able to hear the sound effects, but so basically this is the format of a switch you talk this person, they say talk to the rock, you talk to the rock made it sound effect.
Alec Kramer: And I said you did it, and then you get to go forward.
Alec Kramer: So it's basically a linear point.
Alec Kramer: So I want you to do this.
Alec Kramer: Then you can move to the next step and is this person says we'd like to regress.
Alec Kramer: This is the form of bulletproof.
Alec Kramer: I say no.
Alec Kramer: Then I'm stuck in this loop and then to break the loop you say yes and then they disappear and we are really basic examples.
Alec Kramer: Obviously they get more creative when you play.
Alec Kramer: You know, you know more larger video game, but I'm just getting basically examples and then this guy just give me 3C's I I pick up one.
Alec Kramer: Up one what he wants 3.
Alec Kramer: So it's a condition this ones got a condition to it.
Alec Kramer: I need all three, and then that's actually progress forward.
Alec Kramer: And then this one is more of an if then statement.
Alec Kramer: So if I have 5 coins, I can go through, but if I don't then I'm stuck here.
Alec Kramer: So this one shows two and then it will show me whether I have five or not.
Alec Kramer: I don't.
Alec Kramer: I only have two, so I have to collect all the coins and then I can bring us.
Alec Kramer: And then I went.
Alec Kramer: So here's how it kind of works is this person is set cause a linear statement, whereas Umm says talk to the rock and then she says you can go through and then it turns a switch on and then once that switches on they disappear unless you go forward because the rock as a switch.
Alec Kramer: Umm.
Alec Kramer: And that's how the pseudocode works.
Alec Kramer: For that, this person has a loop statements as we would like to progress.
Alec Kramer: If you say yes, it breaks the loop, but if you say no then it's gonna repeat above in the same loop.
Alec Kramer: So you you have to redo the loop again and so you can break it.
Alec Kramer: And then for the variable, he says, give me 3 seeds and then you check once you have three or above menu disappears and then each seed gives plus one of the variable.
Alec Kramer: So each one then I'll let you pass through and then last for the if then statement which is done in a conditional branch or a case statement.
Alec Kramer: Umm, he says if you have 5 coins, you can go through.
Alec Kramer: So if you do, then you Greeks, what else?
Alec Kramer: Your coins are shown, or else young.
Alec Kramer: This text shows your coins and then goes back to nothing.
Alec Kramer: So once you collect all the coins 3 + 2 then he disappears and then basically you win the game.
Alec Kramer: Umm, these are very busy examples.
Alec Kramer: Obviously you wanna go to in depth to.
Alec Kramer: It's the first time I saw it.
Alec Kramer: I was very scared on what was going on on uh.
Alec Kramer: Yeah, that's that's my presentation.
Alec Kramer: Ohh wait.
Marjorie Furay: When you when you play test it does it open another window 'cause I don't think we saw how it ran.
Alec Kramer: No, you didn't.
Alec Kramer: No, no, no.
Marjorie Furay: Yes.
Alec Kramer: Yeah, I would do the whole presentation then that's not good.
Alec Kramer: Ohh.
Alec Kramer: Yeah, I was hoping it would open.
Marjorie Furay: Umm, I mean, we see this RPG maker screen with everything sitting there on the screen, but we don't see the play test.
Alec Kramer: OK, I wonder if that's.
Marjorie Furay: That's why I think if you share your window, anything that pops up in the window will show.
Alec Kramer: OK, I can show that really.
Marjorie Furay: But if you share a or screen share a screen.
Alec Kramer: OK.
Alec Kramer: One second.
Alec Kramer: Yeah, I wanted to show how that works cause.
Alec Kramer: So share what you said, window.
Marjorie Furay: Screen Screen one or screen two or something and everything is on that same screen.
Marjorie Furay: We will see what you change on that screen.
Alec Kramer: Uh, I had it set to window but.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, you should choose a screen.
Alec Kramer: Ohh entire screen.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Alec Kramer: Oh, I'm sorry, OK?
Marjorie Furay: There we go.
Alec Kramer: OK, sure, that's embarrassing.
Marjorie Furay: No, that's cool. OK.
Alec Kramer: So yeah, I want to show how this works.
Alec Kramer: So basically what you go talk to the rock and then it makes it sound effect to the point.
Alec Kramer: Then she says you did it, and then you can go through to the next step, which is a linear type scenario with the switches as I explained earlier with the Gears of War and Pokémon.
Alec Kramer: And then this one says, would you like to progress?
Alec Kramer: And if you say no, you're stuck in a loop until the text is busted.
Alec Kramer: Broken, which say yes you can go through and then As for this one says 3 seeds.
Alec Kramer: If I say this picks up one seed, but I need 3 seeds to get through, so I can't get through until I grab all three seeds and then that's a variable to the point where if I have 3 seeds that I could progress to the next step.
Alec Kramer: And then this one is the if then statement.
Alec Kramer: He's gonna be 5 coins and he shows 0 coins, but pick up two coins.
Alec Kramer: That's still not enough to progress, so we still won't let me through.
Alec Kramer: If I click three more coins.
Alec Kramer: And I'm able to progress and that breaks the offense statement or well if loops.
Alec Kramer: If this happens then I can go through, but otherwise I would have had to stay back and then basically.
Alec Kramer: So that's a very basic example of it.
Alec Kramer: As I said already, but because it kind of gets very confusing the more in depth you get with it.
Alec Kramer: Although this is, that's just to show through RPG's, I'm sure many other video games.
Alec Kramer: Umm can explain all that better?
Alec Kramer: So yeah, that's that's all I have.
Alec Kramer: Does anybody have any questions?
Marjorie Furay: That makes sense now.
Alec Kramer: OK.
Alec Kramer: Yeah, that's.
Alec Kramer: Yeah, I'm must've been very confusing this.
Alec Kramer: You see me doing nothing for 5 minutes.
Marjorie Furay: I have.
Marjorie Furay: I know I was like, wait a minute.
Marjorie Furay: Is he showing the screen?
Marjorie Furay: No, but that's great.
Marjorie Furay: That's good to know.
Alec Kramer: Yeah, it's, it's something I need.
Marjorie Furay: It's another learning process, yeah.
Alec Kramer: Yeah, especially, I mean in the it's more of a hobby than anything when it comes to trying to make video games, but it's definitely something to understand cause once you understand studio code, it makes you understand a lot of the other code as well.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Alec Kramer: Because while some of them are similar, all have different aspects to it as well.
Landon Moore: But once you know the studio code, you can just write code in whatever language you wanna write it in.
Marjorie Furay: Huh.
Landon Moore: Or yeah, because that's the logic flow.
Marjorie Furay: See, I just thought pseudocode was fake code.
Alec Kramer: Umm, I mean coders use it to, you know, help that they write it out first before typing out the code.
Landon Moore: Right.
Marjorie Furay: Right.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Alec Kramer: Because then it explains it a little better form, but now many people, like in some programs, you can just use comments or something where it tells you what this is doing.
Alec Kramer: But others like I like to write it out with sudo cargo four.
Marjorie Furay: OK.
Alec Kramer: I do any code which I again do very little coding but I mean with what I can do it's usually just Ruby which isn't is more of gaming than anything I need.
Alec Kramer: I need to learn core ones like Python And C Sharp and Java.
Marjorie Furay: Right.
Marjorie Furay: Well, that was cool.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: See, you taught me something.
Landon Moore: Let's if you know Ruby on Rails.
Landon Moore: Python should be easy.
Alec Kramer: Yeah, I know there was the first class.
Alec Kramer: We have at the intern Jordan was explaining the the my guy on YouTube.
Alec Kramer: He's got a lot of coding videos you can watch which, you know, I watched a couple of his, but they're like 4 hours long and they take a while.
Alec Kramer: They get through, but they're very insightful.
Alec Kramer: So I might take a few more looks at or his coding when if I wanted develop some basics.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: Awesome.
Marjorie Furay: Very cool.
Marjorie Furay: Great job.
Marjorie Furay: Even got to watch some gaming.
Marjorie Furay: Very good.
Marjorie Furay: OK.
Marjorie Furay: And now we have 10.
Marjorie Furay: It's all yours.
Thanh Tran: Hello, ohm.
Thanh Tran: They.
Thanh Tran: Eric PHP.
Thanh Tran: OK.
Thanh Tran: Can you see my screen and hear me?
Marjorie Furay: Yes.
Thanh Tran: Also, my name is Tom Tran and my master class presentation is on mining cryptocurrency, also known as digital gold.
Thanh Tran: And uh, a little disclaimer, I am not for or against mining cryptocurrency.
Thanh Tran: I am neutral and just an observer on how it affects our world.
Thanh Tran: Cryptocurrency is volatile.
Thanh Tran: It is not backed by a physical commodity.
Thanh Tran: It is not owned or governed by any entity.
Thanh Tran: Mining cryptocurrency is very controversial.
Thanh Tran: Please do not spend what you cannot afford on crypto.
Thanh Tran: Many life savings has been drained due to the digital gold.
Thanh Tran: Here's a brief history of cryptocurrency.
Thanh Tran: OK, the concept of cryptocurrency first emerged in 1983.
Thanh Tran: Uh, through the work of American cryptographer David Chong, he presented a conference paper outlining a form of anonymous cryptographic electronic money.
Thanh Tran: The idea was to create a digital currency that could be exchanged between individuals or machines without the need for centralized entities like banks.
Thanh Tran: In 1988, Nate Sabo developed a precursor to Bitcoin called Bitgold.
Thanh Tran: It required participants to dedicate their computing power to solving cryptographic puzzles.
Thanh Tran: And in return those who successfully solve the puzzles were rewarded with bid gold currency, however, bid Gold faced a significant challenge known as double spending problem.
Thanh Tran: This problem arose because digital data could be easily copied and pasted without the control of a central authority.
Thanh Tran: So anyone could just, uh, hack their way in and create their own currency so it bit go didn't really work out well or on paper at least two decades later.
Thanh Tran: However, when the financial aid uh financial crisis hit in 2008, it brought to light the need for an alternative to the traditional banking system.
Thanh Tran: It created an opportunity for the world's first cryptocurrency to take center stage in October of that year.
Thanh Tran: An individual or group operating under the pseudonym of Satoshi Nakamoto published a White paper titled Bitcoin, a peer to peer electronic cash system.
Thanh Tran: The White Paper introduced a new type of currency, Bitcoin, and it also addressed that the double spending problem by leveraging blockchain technology.
Thanh Tran: This technology utilize a digital Ledger that recorded all transactions using immutable data structures.
Thanh Tran: By doing so, it ensures the integrity and transparency of all transactions.
Thanh Tran: A complete history that everybody can see.
Thanh Tran: Bitcoin went live in January 2009, with the first blocks being mined by Satoshi Nakamoto.
Thanh Tran: This marked at the beginning of a new era in decentralized digital currency.
Thanh Tran: Bitcoin laid the foundation for subsequent cryptocurrencies and opened up possibilities for peer to peer electronic transactions independent of traditional financial institutions, the emergence of cryptocurrency and the underlying blockchain technology has sparked a wave of innovation and transformative potential in various industries.
Thanh Tran: They have provided individuals with greater control over their financial transactions and challenge the existing centralized systems as the cryptocurrency ecosystem continues to evolve, new opportunities and challenges arise.
Thanh Tran: Nevertheless, the revolutionary impact of cryptocurrencies spearheaded by Bitcoin has forever changed the way we perceive and engage in money in the digital age.
Thanh Tran: On to mining Bitcoin.
Thanh Tran: Uh mining Bitcoin involves several steps to ensure the validity of transactions and add them to the blockchain.
Thanh Tran: The first step is transaction verification, where Bitcoin transfer between wallets or checked for their authenticity.
Thanh Tran: This involves confirming that the sender has sufficient funds and that the transaction adheres to the rules of the Bitcoin Protocol.
Thanh Tran: Verify transactions are then grouped it into blocks.
Thanh Tran: Miners compete to solve a complex mathematical puzzle called proof, called a proof of work algorithm.
Thanh Tran: This algorithm requires minors to perform numerous calculations to find a specific solution, known as a cryptographic hash.
Thanh Tran: That means certain criteria that meets certain criteria.
Thanh Tran: Sorry, it is important to note that mining is computationally intensive and demand significant computational power, and it's one of the major controversies surrounding cryptocurrency, at least in its beginning days.
Thanh Tran: When a minor finds the solution is is verified by other miners and if the majority of miners agreed that the solution is correct, it becomes a permanent part of the blockchain which cannot be altered.
Thanh Tran: Removed or deleted?
Thanh Tran: Miners who participate in solving the puzzle or verifying solutions are rewarded with newly minted Bitcoin based on their computational work.
Thanh Tran: This serves as an incentive for minors to contribute their computational work and act somewhat like a traditional banking system, where they verify transactions and receive payment for doing so.
Thanh Tran: Bitcoin has a limited supply and each time more Bitcoin is minted, the mining process becomes more challenging.
Thanh Tran: The difficulty of the puzzle is designed to require substantial computational power and time to solve.
Thanh Tran: This computational expense acts as a deterrent against malicious attacks on the network.
Thanh Tran: The competitive nature of mining ensures that no single entity can gain control over the creation of new blocks or the transaction verification process.
Thanh Tran: It maintains the decentralized nature of Bitcoin and prevents any individual or group from monopolizing the network.
Thanh Tran: Overall, mining Bitcoin involved verifying transactions, grouping them into blocks, solving complex puzzles, and receiving rewards in the form of newly minted Bitcoin.
Thanh Tran: This process secures the network, maintains the integrity of the blockchain and facilitates the decentralized nature of the cryptocurrency.
Thanh Tran: The mathematical puzzle is far too complex to explain in a 15 minute presentation, so I will present the fingerprint analogy.
Thanh Tran: See, imagine you had to find the height, weight and overall look of a person giving a fingerprint sample.
Thanh Tran: The only way to find the solution is to compare the fingerprint sample with every person on Earth until you find a match.
Thanh Tran: Now imagine you are also in a competition and all the other minors are doing the same thing.
Thanh Tran: Whoever finds it first wins and gets the reward of newly minted Bitcoin.
Thanh Tran: Basically, your computer computational power is used to randomly compare hashes to find the matching solution.
Thanh Tran: It's a lot of guessing.
Thanh Tran: Uh.
Thanh Tran: The steps to mining Bitcoin mining, Bitcoin or other cryptocurrency is not as easy as one thinks, but it's not rocket science either.
Thanh Tran: And if you have enough desire, you can definitely mine some digital gold, although I do not recommend it these days.
Thanh Tran: The first step is to purchase some mining hardware.
Thanh Tran: Some popular ones are called Ant miners.
Thanh Tran: They're used to mine Bitcoin, which is in all in one setup that only requires you to plug in some electricity and and you point it at a mining pool.
Thanh Tran: You can they offer their own software as long as they have their Bitcoin wallet.
Thanh Tran: The mining pools address.
Thanh Tran: The machine will automatically, uh, solve those complex computational hash puzzles and you will be rewarded and you can watch the digital gold flow straight to your wallet.
Thanh Tran: The other type of hardware is GPU graphic processing unit.
Thanh Tran: The ones used for playing video games these days?
Thanh Tran: The second step is getting a Bitcoin wallet.
Thanh Tran: So you can store your goal.
Thanh Tran: Then you just have to download and install some mining software.
Thanh Tran: Join a mining pool and start mining.
Thanh Tran: They're pretty much both the same, except the Ant minors.
Thanh Tran: The olden one setup they provide you the software and is an all-in-one, while if you're using the GPU version and you have a desktop, then you have to do all of the configurations yourself.
Thanh Tran: Uh, OK, so a new way of mining crypto?
Thanh Tran: In recent years, there have been several ways to mine cryptocurrency and I will elaborate on one of them.
Thanh Tran: The proof of stake consensus.
Thanh Tran: So before, when we were talking about mining with the solving complex puzzle, that is called a proof of work.
Thanh Tran: Consensus.
Thanh Tran: Uh.
Thanh Tran: Which is, uh, your computer does the work and that is the proof.
Thanh Tran: Ethereum, currently the second largest cryptocurrency, initially adopted a proof of work consensus mechanism similar to Bitcoin.
Thanh Tran: However, in response to concerns about the excessive energy consumption associated with proof of work, Ethereum decided to transition to proof of stake since last year.
Thanh Tran: The transition to proof of stake was prompted by the outcry over the substantial amount of energy required to secure the Ethereum blockchain using proof of work.
Thanh Tran: Unlike proof of work, proof of state no longer relies on minor solving complex puzzles or requiring expensive hardware.
Thanh Tran: Instead, proof of state minors are required to stake their own cryptocurrency on the network, which means they must lock up their assets and cannot utilize them during the staking period.
Thanh Tran: When we say assets are stated, it means that the digital currency remains on the network untouched and unable to be withdrawn for a specific duration by sticking their assets.
Thanh Tran: Minors demonstrate their commitment to the network security and participate in the consensus process in proof of state.
Thanh Tran: The competition among minors to verify transactions or create or create new blocks no longer exists in the in the new system, minors or scored based on the number of coins they have steak and the length of time they have had them state the minor with the highest at stake has a greater chance to be chosen to validate a transaction and receive a reward.
Thanh Tran: This election process ensures a fair and secure distribution of mining responsibilities within the network.
Thanh Tran: The transition from proof of work to proof of stake in Ethereum aims to address the energy efficiency concerns associated with traditional mining by eliminating the need for resource intensive calculations and replacing them with staking, Ethereum reduces its carbon footprint by 99% and becomes more environmentally friendly.
Thanh Tran: Furthermore, the proof of state mechanism in Ethereum offers benefits such as increased scalability and security.
Thanh Tran: It allows for a higher number of transactions to be processed at per second and mitigates the risk of a 51% attack, which is where a single entity gains majority control over the network.
Thanh Tran: The transition to proof of state represents an important milestone for Ethereum and the broader cryptocurrency ecosystem.
Thanh Tran: IT showcase the industry's commitment to sustainability and innovation, exploring alternative consensus mechanisms beyond traditional mining.
Thanh Tran: The future of crypto mining proof of work is still here is still being used by Bitcoin and but it may be dead in the future because the amount of newly minted Bitcoin is coming to it, it will end soon there.
Thanh Tran: There's a limit and there can only be, uh, it could only last for so long.
Thanh Tran: Proof of stake is the most recent alternative used by Ethereum and adopted by other by newer cryptocurrencies.
Thanh Tran: These days there's also other variations, such as proof of identity that is being researched.
Thanh Tran: There's also proof of network where routers with verify data and communicate with other routers to verify a transaction on the network as well.
Thanh Tran: And we don't know, but there may be even other forms of proofs, maybe invented in the future as well.
Thanh Tran: Uh.
Thanh Tran: However, what we do know is mining.
Thanh Tran: Cryptocurrency will always be here because it's simply a verification method and will continuously evolve.
Thanh Tran: Ah, cryptocurrency does not seem like a phase, and it looks like it's here to stay.
Thanh Tran: Ah, that is all for my presentation.
Thanh Tran: Thank you everyone for listening.
Thanh Tran: If you have any questions or comments.
Marjorie Furay: So that's pretty amazing and have always had a question about cryptocurrency.
Marjorie Furay: I still don't understand that.
Landon Moore: So my question is, what do you think about when quantum computing comes in and the ability to run computations so much greater?
Landon Moore: Is that gonna affect this?
Thanh Tran: Uh for the mining process?
Landon Moore: Correct.
Thanh Tran: For solving mathematical puzzle it it.
Thanh Tran: Yes, it absolutely will affect us.
Thanh Tran: However, did that depends on the energy efficiency of quantum computers?
Landon Moore: Right.
Thanh Tran: Because it has always come down to an energy problem.
Thanh Tran: Even the GPU today?
Thanh Tran: Umm, people that live in areas that has cheaper electricity has always been winning and making more profit than than than than other areas.
Thanh Tran: And usually, Bitcoin mining today are all stolen electricity, so you can see sometimes from the news that some government from somewhere just destroyed or or rated Bitcoin mining farm because they were stealing electricity just for profit.
Thanh Tran: Because it's so hard to compete.
Landon Moore: Oh, I just wanted to comment cause your your analogy.
Thanh Tran: Yes.
Landon Moore: The fingerprint analogy I just read a paper.
Landon Moore: Not that long ago that they've solved that, by the way, because that's a polygenic trait.
Landon Moore: There's multiple genes that affect that, and they've actually dissected all those genes now.
Thanh Tran: Nice.
Landon Moore: Now so that so that analogy may no longer be useful.
Marjorie Furay: Wow.
Thanh Tran: That.
Landon Moore: I know because I used to teach it.
Thanh Tran: Yeah, that's that's crazy.
Landon Moore: Next, I used to take an advanced genetics class where we actually looked at fingerprints and you could there is a genetic inheritance to it.
Landon Moore: You can actually look at that in the world and the arches.
Thanh Tran: Ah yeah, I've not sure if they'll do that for I'm.
Thanh Tran: I'm pretty sure they'll figure out a way for mining, but mining in the in the in the the solving mathematical puzzle sense might be dead at that point regardless.
Landon Moore: Yeah.
Landon Moore: Good.
Landon Moore: Well, the next thing to do would be if you can't do the brute force, you just figure out what the algorithm is for deciding what the problem is.
Thanh Tran: Yeah, I believe Bitcoin is using the SHAO 256 algorithm at the moment and some others might be using the 1:26 I believe, or 128 or something like that.
Landon Moore: Hmm.
Landon Moore: Yeah.
Landon Moore: OK.
Landon Moore: Well, I'll keep hacking that until I get rich.
Thanh Tran: Me too.
Marjorie Furay: That's what I'm wondering.
Marjorie Furay: I'm like, how is it possible to be able to use something that's not even there I it's it's like an idea that somebody came up, but it's not.
Marjorie Furay: Again, it's not physical and.
Landon Moore: Hey, that's what Fiat currency is.
Rikki Boodram: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: Well, it's like, you know, we're all playing monopoly it.
Thanh Tran: And our government is trying to go digital currency as well.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, yeah.
Rikki Boodram: In time.
Alex Burymski: So so question is, what's the most exciting digital currency in your opinion?
Alex Burymski: That seems like Bitcoin is kind of phasing out a little bit.
Alex Burymski: Has some older UM all the structures to it is as you you therium kind of the most exciting one.
Alex Burymski: Are there other ones that are maybe a little bit more cutting edge?
Marjorie Furay: Dogecoin.
Thanh Tran: Umm, unfortunately, a Bitcoin still remains my number one for one reason.
Thanh Tran: That is a there's there's just more countries that has adopted it and you can pay for a lot more things online and in certain countries to purchase stuff once another cryptocurrency has surpassed that or if other retailers, ecommerce or anything any seller that is willing to accept the new currency or another type or one that's more common than that would be the most exciting one.
Thanh Tran: Unfortunately, right now it still Bitcoin.
Thanh Tran: Uh, because I guess the world hasn't been really been updating with cryptocurrency like that.
Thanh Tran: So we'll just have to wait and see.
Thanh Tran: So far, Bitcoin and Ethereum is the most popular.
Marjorie Furay: I know it's something that they a lot of different governments have wanted.
Marjorie Furay: I think doesn't China have their own coin?
Marjorie Furay: I know Japan.
Marjorie Furay: I mean, Jamaica has their own.
Thanh Tran: If.
Marjorie Furay: I think it's called pineapple that it's now using.
Marjorie Furay: I know it's funny, but I think it.
Marjorie Furay: And then there's one for China or South Korea that's using one?
Marjorie Furay: Umm, because they're all going to something more like Bitcoin instead of using dollars in yens and all that, they're deciding to do the coin.
Thanh Tran: Yeah.
Sharleen Squires: So uh-huh.
Thanh Tran: And the other problem is, I'm sorry, I just wanted to mention that regulation wise is is preventing any coin from being the most exciting.
Marjorie Furay: Umm.
Thanh Tran: For example, in New York, if I'm a resident of New York, which I am, I can only purchase Bitcoin or Ethereum or like a set of five coins out of the thousands that are out there and and that is because I have regulations over here and my mayor over here, the new mayor announced it something like a New York coin or something.
Thanh Tran: And he said that his first three paychecks was gonna be paid in those coins.
Thanh Tran: So it's it's getting really out of hand.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, have fun, mayor.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah.
Sharleen Squires: So it's.
Alex Burymski: It's like everyone's coming up with their own their own gimmick, right?
Sharleen Squires: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, exactly.
Sharleen Squires: So is that gonna phase out our dollars and cents?
Marjorie Furay: It is.
Thanh Tran: Well, the government is trying to phase out our dollar and cents by coming up with their own cryptocurrency or digital currency.
Sharleen Squires: Uh-huh.
Thanh Tran: Uh, we don't know when that's going to happen or if that will even pass, but is is in the talks and is in the works.
Sharleen Squires: Umm.
Marjorie Furay: And the the problem with that is the same thing that happened in India when they turned around and they said one day they woke up or no, it was one day eight o'clock eight 8:00 PM at night they suddenly decided they were no longer using dollar bills.
Marjorie Furay: They were using the cryptocurrency and it totally changed the economics and the way that everything works.
Marjorie Furay: So you had a huge portion that became poor and a small portion that we're rich now because of the the coin that they were using.
Marjorie Furay: So we have to watch how that can change things.
Sharleen Squires: Umm.
Thanh Tran: If.
Marjorie Furay: Now we have our levels of what that is, you know, and you can change that with the work that you do, you know, gain the skills and you can get a better job and go up the ladder later on, it's going to be who can get the coin.
Marjorie Furay: It's not even going to be, umm, determined by, you know, earning it through something.
Sharleen Squires: So no lottery.
Thanh Tran: Right on one.
Thanh Tran: And the lottery, on one hand, it's pretty exciting that we're entering a different it's like a shift of how we trade.
Sharleen Squires: But.
Thanh Tran: And on the other hand, it's also scary because what we already have might be obsolete.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: So.
Marjorie Furay: Store your bills.
Marjorie Furay: Store your dollar bills because those are gonna be trade worthy later for Bitcoin.
Sharleen Squires: So how you gonna trade with Bitcoin if if you, you know, if you pull out your money, how they gonna get the get it changed?
Marjorie Furay: We'll dollar bills are going to be so rare.
Marjorie Furay: People are going to pay you Bitcoin for something that's rare, right?
Sharleen Squires: I don't know.
Marjorie Furay: Just like if you were to find the 1943, is it steel, penny or it's a no, it's a the 1943 steel penny.
Sharleen Squires: Ohh.
Marjorie Furay: I think that is very rare.
Landon Moore: Yes, during the working.
Landon Moore: What?
Sharleen Squires: Wow.
Thanh Tran: Wow.
Marjorie Furay: That's worth million $1,000,000 or something like that, yeah.
Sharleen Squires: Wow.
Landon Moore: Oh gosh.
Sharleen Squires: So it's just stuff.
Landon Moore: OK, I got my million now.
Sharleen Squires: My pill, Keith, with all my money.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: So find that 191943.
Marjorie Furay: There's only like 3 left out there, I just I don't know.
Marjorie Furay: But you gotta, and it's going to be the same thing later on.
Marjorie Furay: It's yeah, so.
Sharleen Squires: Well, I wish I had it. Yeah.
Sharleen Squires: I know I don't. Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: I hope it, I know I've looked so.
Marjorie Furay: Yes.
Landon Moore: I think that was a that was minted from a certain mint and had a defect.
Landon Moore: It was.
Landon Moore: There's always 3 cause I've mines.
Landon Moore: Not that it's more of the run of the meals.
Landon Moore: Still penny?
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, yeah.
Sharleen Squires: Ohh one.
Landon Moore: Because I have all of them.
Marjorie Furay: I don't know if it was this there's because at that time they changed it to copper or they changed it to they didn't they?
Landon Moore: Yes.
Marjorie Furay: They only have so many steel because the steel was being used during World War Two, so they if it's a copper coin, it's a regular penny.
Marjorie Furay: Umm.
Marjorie Furay: But I think if it's a steel one, it just accidentally was made so and that's worth a ton because there was only so many made.
Sharleen Squires: I haven't seen those.
Marjorie Furay: Now.
Sharleen Squires: Oh well.
Landon Moore: Well, yeah, they're not in circulation.
Marjorie Furay: Well, if you do, you're a millionaire.
Sharleen Squires: No wonder I'm poor.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, that's why I don't throw pennies away.
Marjorie Furay: OHS.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah.
Thanh Tran: You know the the other thing.
Marjorie Furay: Check it's probably in a in a garbage dump somewhere.
Thanh Tran: The the other thing that I that I can't wrap my head around is because cryptocurrency has is always has a finite amount that that when they start the White Paper on any cryptocurrency someone somewhere unlimited but Bitcoin and etherium the two most popular or finite there's only like 2 billion produced it and if it's in your wallet or your hard drive basically and if you lost it well you can't get that back now.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, that's what I heard.
Thanh Tran: Yeah, but for cash, Fiat or government digital currency, there's an unlimited amount.
Thanh Tran: They could just produce it at anytime, so there will be.
Thanh Tran: Inflation would be worse if that happened.
Marjorie Furay: Yep, and that's what happened in India, yeah.
Thanh Tran: Ah.
Landon Moore: Well, because as well because it's because it's limited.
Marjorie Furay: Exactly.
Landon Moore: We're gonna have the same reason why we went off the gold standard and why we're on Fiat currency now.
Marjorie Furay: It's not backed by anything, right?
Thanh Tran: Right, right.
Marjorie Furay: It's not backed by anything so.
Marjorie Furay: Who knows?
Sharleen Squires: Well, that's bad.
Sharleen Squires: Maybe I should.
Landon Moore: Because gold was limiting and people were stockpiling it and other Nate.
Marjorie Furay: Yep.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, maybe we need a different country.
Marjorie Furay: When you make our own country, go back to old bills.
Sharleen Squires: Move to like the the country, the country of Charlene. Hey.
Marjorie Furay: There you go.
Landon Moore: Or we can just use leaves as currency.
Sharleen Squires: Oh yeah.
Sharleen Squires: Uh.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, there's plenty of leaves though.
Landon Moore: Ohh yeah and so long and thanks for all the fish.
Marjorie Furay: Exactly.
Marjorie Furay: Well, that was excellent.
Marjorie Furay: Thank you so much.
Marjorie Furay: I was trying to learn about cryptocurrency, but it's still such a confusing idea to me.
Sharleen Squires: Yeah, it makes my head hurt.
Marjorie Furay: And yeah, it's that tangibility.
Marjorie Furay: I just don't feel right about not having something tangible, although you know, I use my card for everything, I don't use cash anymore, so I can't say much, but at least I can look in the bank and see what I got.
Sharleen Squires: Mm-hmm.
Marjorie Furay: You know, I can earn it at least.
Marjorie Furay: Right.
Sharleen Squires: Built far.
Marjorie Furay: Well, thank you so much.
Marjorie Furay: Go ahead.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, so far exactly.
Sharleen Squires: Umm.
Marjorie Furay: Thank you, Jan, and thank you everybody else.
Marjorie Furay: All our other presenters, excellent, excellent jobs.
Landon Moore: Good night.
Marjorie Furay: I'm so proud of what you came U with.
Landon Moore: It was awesome.
Sharleen Squires: Very good now.
Thanh Tran: Thank you.
Marjorie Furay: Yes, good night everybody.
Sharleen Squires: Uh.
Marjorie Furay: We got 1035, we're late, but that's OK because that's was great.
Marjorie Furay: We spend the nights together.
Marjorie Furay: You know, I mean, what else are we gonna do?
Sharleen Squires: Uh.
Marjorie Furay: Class grade.
Marjorie Furay: We got all kinds of things.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Sharleen Squires: Break bread? Uh.
Marjorie Furay: Have a great night everybody.
Sharleen Squires: Goodnight.
Marjorie Furay: Thanks for coming.
Sharleen Squires: Thank you.
Thanh Tran: Thank you.
Thanh Tran: Good night all.