Marjorie Furay: Hello everyone.
Marjorie Furay: Welcome to master class tonight.
Marjorie Furay: Uh, July 13th, 2023.
Marjorie Furay: We welcome everybody that will be here tonight.
Marjorie Furay: We have a great agenda coming up.
Marjorie Furay: I have.
Marjorie Furay: Uh, let me see.
Marjorie Furay: Pull it up for the agenda night.
Marjorie Furay: We have Sam Schneider with the power of efficiency Zach Rims did with MQ2M QT protocol and then I will be showing Rashmi uh raghukumar you make raghukumar you Kumar Raghukumar with credit card and credit card statistics in the US.
Marjorie Furay: I mean, go ahead and admit this person.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: I'm sorry if I totally ruined your names on that.
Marjorie Furay: Doing my best, sorry.
Marjorie Furay: And people have trouble with Mark mine.
Marjorie Furay: So OK, Sam, you will start us off.
Marjorie Furay: Are you ready?
Samuel Schneider: Uh, yeah, I'm ready to go.
Marjorie Furay: OK, go right ahead.
Samuel Schneider: OK, so I share my screen.
Marjorie Furay: Yep, and make sure that you click at the top include computer sound if you're going to be using that.
Samuel Schneider: Ohh you give me one second so I do screen or window.
Marjorie Furay: Screen.
Samuel Schneider: Not gonna.
Samuel Schneider: So I'm gonna make this flush it.
Marjorie Furay: And it, yeah, it will show.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Marjorie Furay: There you go.
Samuel Schneider: It's showing.
Marjorie Furay: Yes, I see it.
Samuel Schneider: OK.
Marjorie Furay: If you go to the very bottom and you click the little book.
Samuel Schneider: The reading view.
Marjorie Furay: One that one.
Marjorie Furay: Yes, there you go.
Samuel Schneider: OK, well my.
Samuel Schneider: Presentation will be on efficiency.
Samuel Schneider: I titled it the power of efficiency.
Samuel Schneider: Uh, what is efficiency?
Samuel Schneider: Efficiency is the quality of achieving the largest amount of useful work.
Samuel Schneider: By using as little energy, fuel, effort, etcetera as possible.
Samuel Schneider: Uh, if it should see it plays a large role in my life.
Samuel Schneider: I'm a person who tries to stuff as much into his time as possible, so I'm very typically doing two or three things at the same time so I can achieve that.
Samuel Schneider: So that's why I got this idea for this presentation.
Samuel Schneider: After talking to it over with Charlene Umm, so efficiency isn't just important in can normal life.
Samuel Schneider: It's also important in technology, and one could say the technology itself is efficiency made manifest from something as simple as lighting a fire to cooking a meal to get more to nutritional value out of it, or the creation of a wheel in order to transport objects more effectively to more recent examples such as factories that allow for goods to be produced by the thousand.
Samuel Schneider: Unless time, that would take to put together by hand by the.
Samuel Schneider: Yeah, I'm sorry that my grammar was worse there than I expected to.
Samuel Schneider: Putting together a a another example would be the Microsoft Teams which we are now using to efficiently hold a long distance conference with multiple people scared around the world.
Samuel Schneider: Just 15 or so years ago, this wouldn't have been as easily possible, but now we can do so with just a few clicks of the mouse.
Samuel Schneider: Why is efficiency important in today's fast paced world, efficiency is crucial for organizations to stay competitive and meet the ever increasing demands of customers and enables businesses to streamline processes, reduce waste, and make the most effective use of resources, ultimately leading to improved productivity, cost savings and customer satisfaction.
Samuel Schneider: Efficiency is also important to daily life.
Samuel Schneider: Is there is only so much time in the day and so many days each week by planning your day and efficient manner, you're able to complete more tasks than you would have been otherwise able to do.
Samuel Schneider: So the key principles of efficiency are streamline processes, limiting waste and maximizing resources.
Samuel Schneider: Streaming lane processes refers to the act of optimizing workflows to eliminate steps, reduce complexity, and improve overall efficiency.
Samuel Schneider: Involves identifying and eliminating bottlenecks.
Samuel Schneider: Automating repetitive tasks and reorganizing workflows to ensure a smooth and streamlined flow of activities resulting in increased productivity and reduce costs, in other words, by using a method by which it is completely more effectively, you can reduce the amount of time spent on that activity.
Samuel Schneider: One simple example of this has been used for many years that has been used for many years that are the stamps that contain return addresses on them.
Samuel Schneider: By making use of those stamps, you can skip the process of writing out the address and replace it with merely stamping the envelope in the amount of time that it would have taken out to write the address.
Samuel Schneider: You could have completed over a dozen envelopes and a similar amount of time.
Samuel Schneider: At least it's a very efficient manner of doing so.
Samuel Schneider: Nowadays we use computers for a lot of that work, but if you're running by hand, it's still very useful to go about it that way, and you can skip the printing process.
Samuel Schneider: The second of the key principles of efficiency is eliminating waste.
Samuel Schneider: Eliminating waste involves identifying and eliminating any activities, resources, or processes that do not add value to the product or service.
Samuel Schneider: This can include reducing and necessary steps, minimizing idle time, eliminating defects or errors, and optimizing the use of resources such as time, materials and energy by eliminating waste, organizations can improve productivity, reduce costs, and enhance overall efficiency.
Samuel Schneider: Essential thing when it comes to eliminating ways is to understand what processes and resources have value and cannot be replaced.
Samuel Schneider: Once you do that, you can then understand what is not necessary and can call it or replace it within a more idealized version.
Samuel Schneider: I believe in the idea that new processes are always important to continue to be tested, but you shouldn't completely overlook the old process.
Samuel Schneider: Sometimes there better not only from a quality standpoint, but also from a productivity standpoint and because of that it's important to try each nude uh process and compare it to the old, although unfortunately that costs a lot of money and in some cases so it's not always ideal.
Samuel Schneider: The last of the key principle files is maximizing resources.
Samuel Schneider: Maximizing resources involves making the most effective and efficient use of available resources to achieve the desired outcomes.
Samuel Schneider: This includes optimizing the allocation of human capital, financial resources, technology, equipment and materials by maximizing resources, organizations can include increase productivity, minimize waste, and achieve optimal results with the available resources.
Samuel Schneider: Ultimately, improving efficiency and performance.
Samuel Schneider: For more fun example of maximizing resources, there's no need to look any further than an RPG, and the game with limited resources.
Samuel Schneider: It is much more efficient to focus your resources on those that matter most to your character.
Samuel Schneider: You're playing Pokémon and you're trying to build a competitive team.
Samuel Schneider: You're planning to use Tyranitar as you can see over here.
Samuel Schneider: Then you aren't gonna be focusing your resources on its special attack, which is in very effective.
Samuel Schneider: You're gonna be focusing on its attack and it's other stats so that it can be used better.
Samuel Schneider: Uh, it's the same way with uh, real life processes.
Samuel Schneider: It's best to put your eggs in the baskets that are going to wind up mattering the most.
Samuel Schneider: Efficiency in your daily life efficiency isn't merely useful in business.
Samuel Schneider: Practice.
Samuel Schneider: It also has its role in daily life.
Samuel Schneider: Some of the most common, efficient, easy tools use regularly are calendars, planners, schedules, and shopping list.
Samuel Schneider: Many of these, as as everyone's noticed, has, are baked into a lot of other applications that we use commonly, including Microsoft Teams, which 15 minutes before this very presentation happened.
Samuel Schneider: Going to alert saying this, this class would be coming in and then I got another alert saying that.
Samuel Schneider: Uh, it was time to join, and by doing that I can efficiently join at the right moment rather than they're being some sort of delay or me not noticing as long as I'm on my computer.
Samuel Schneider: Efficiency driven technology efficiency has its place in business as well as several technologies and.
Samuel Schneider: And yeah, if agency has its place in business as well and several technologies have been created to make work more effective, such as remote work tools, virtual systems and chat boxes and online project management platform such as monday.com click up and write in the case of virtual assistance and chat boxes, they might not be very efficient to customers.
Samuel Schneider: But a lot of the times they sort of allow customer service platforms to also weed out the amount of time that they they only have so much time that they can allocate to each customer.
Samuel Schneider: So they hide themselves beyond menus before, and that could potentially help you.
Samuel Schneider: And then they can get more efficiency, more efficiently use their time.
Samuel Schneider: So if you go to a website with a problem and you start chatting, you'll probably get a bot, but then the bot might fetch a a human too.
Samuel Schneider: Can help you with your problem as necessary and meanwhile that person could be helping another person or two in the meanwhile, which makes it efficient but.
Samuel Schneider: Uh, mostly on the side of the company in question.
Samuel Schneider: So over the years, there's been a lot of challenges, challenges in implementing technology for efficiency.
Samuel Schneider: Well, efficiency has only ever been a good thing regarding producing a increasingly effective result.
Samuel Schneider: Progress is also is often resisted by people for both good and bad purposes.
Samuel Schneider: For instance, many products that used to be done by hand canal be completed via automation of some level or another.
Samuel Schneider: Using books as an example that used to only be available for the rich to the time and effort it took for a transcribed to copy out the book in question and then for the Craftsman to create the book cover and bind the pages.
Samuel Schneider: This usually took more than one Craftsman doing more than one type of thing such as leatherwork and uh.
Samuel Schneider: Paperwork.
Samuel Schneider: And it was.
Samuel Schneider: It was more expensive and more difficult to make paper back then, and everything else involved with the creation of the letterpress.
Samuel Schneider: However, it became possible to create many more books, much more cheaply, and in doing so, those that used to work as scribes lost work.
Samuel Schneider: It's very understandable to resist change whenever results in the loss of your livelihood.
Samuel Schneider: However, many more people can enjoy those books that wouldn't be able to before, and those results are why efficiency needs to continue to improve.
Samuel Schneider: I mean, you can see in the modern day that there's so many more books than there used to be there.
Samuel Schneider: The spread of the the the literature in the world and the entire industry has not only spread the number of books that people can write, but it also leads to increased education, which leads to more jobs.
Samuel Schneider: So in many ways, while those people unfortunately lost their jobs in the past, the efficiency of getting that information out to more people eventually led to more education and greater development for humankind.
Samuel Schneider: Uh, the second part of this is while it is understandable for a person to resist change when it affects them negatively, there are others in history who resisted change because they consider the improvements to not be traditionalist or the way we always did things.
Samuel Schneider: And there are sometimes merits to this line of thinking.
Samuel Schneider: Like I said before, however, I believe that is incumbent of someone to learn new ways when they are indeed better.
Samuel Schneider: However, not all methods are necessary really better than they should be tested against what came before to see if they are more efficient.
Samuel Schneider: Ohm, some things are faster if you just write them out rather than taking out your laptop and writing them down, or your phone or anything.
Samuel Schneider: It's important to always consider what tool is best for what task, and that's another part of efficiency.
Samuel Schneider: It just newer isn't always better, but as time goes on there's more options and it's more likely that one of those newer options is going to be more efficient one way or the other.
Samuel Schneider: So in addition to regular uh tools like I mentioned before, there's also a efficiency and productivity software that specializes in exactly that, making your life more efficient, making your work more efficient.
Samuel Schneider: Umm.
Samuel Schneider: And these come in the form of software and application that specialize in it.
Samuel Schneider: For instance, look for no further than Microsoft 365, which we are currently using.
Samuel Schneider: Ourselves allows us to make use of various applications in one convenient location and complete tests.
Samuel Schneider: As such, as creating documents for this very presentation which I am given right now, there is also a efficiency software such as rescue time which gives you a daily focus work role to meet based on analysis of your past activities.
Samuel Schneider: This is really useful because you can really focus rather than saying.
Samuel Schneider: Ohh yeah, I'll get to it eventually later in the day it can give you maybe 3 hours to do something and instead of stretching enough for an entire 8 hour period, you could get it done in those first three hours because in the past you've done similar amounts of work in that period.
Samuel Schneider: Another example of this is freedom, which much laid the parental controls access the block on websites and applications that may distract you, such as social media streaming sites and shopping sites, and others like it.
Samuel Schneider: Well, I'm not a fan of these types of blocks in general.
Samuel Schneider: I like the idea of one that you turn on yourself so that you can focus on your work, and that makes it so it's.
Samuel Schneider: It's another step to disable it, but it doesn't prevent you from potentially accessing unnecessary website.
Samuel Schneider: If you need it and then you're able to just focus on your work better.
Samuel Schneider: Another example of this is Trello, which can be used to keep all the information your team needs to be organized in one place.
Samuel Schneider: You can assign member a certain text, add due dates, leave comments and so on.
Samuel Schneider: In some ways, Trello resembles a some of the Microsoft applications we're using, such as planner and some of the other tools like teams.
Samuel Schneider: But it's it's a different sort of application.
Samuel Schneider: It doesn't cost as much and it's very work focused.
Samuel Schneider: While Microsoft Word can and the other applications are a little bit broader in application.
Samuel Schneider: So in conclusion, while efficiency might sound like a method of doing more work and less time applying efficient practices broadly to your lifestyle will allow you to do more with everything, whether it's in your free time or you might be gaming, or when you visit amusement park, choosing the most efficient path will let you spend more time gaming by minimizing the amount of time spent doing other things and allow you to make use of the available information to maximize the number of rides you go on an amusement park.
Samuel Schneider: They have all these apps nowadays where you can log on to a Disney is a app or Universal's app or wherever you're going, and they'll give you an estimate of the wait time.
Samuel Schneider: And by using that and.
Samuel Schneider: Uh.
Samuel Schneider: Keeping an eye on where you are in the park, you can go on many more rides than you could if you're just wandering around randomly and getting into long lines, and I think that's the appeal of efficiency.
Samuel Schneider: You can maximize your work flow, but you can also maximize the amount of time you spend having.
Samuel Schneider: Having fun?
Samuel Schneider: And that's why efficiency appeals so much to me, and that's the whole level presentation.
Marjorie Furay: Excellent.
Marjorie Furay: Very good to put that out there.
Marjorie Furay: So that helps a lot of people right now, you know.
Samuel Schneider: Yeah, definitely.
Samuel Schneider: I mean, I've been applying this to the internship my time at Purdue.
Samuel Schneider: In general, it's it's been enormous and it's also made me evolve as a as just someone who's getting the work out because in the past I was always really bad at getting working on time.
Samuel Schneider: I was always starting things last moment, but now I have a better idea of who I am.
Samuel Schneider: How long it take to do what I need to do when I can do what I'm doing and what I can do at the same time?
Samuel Schneider: Is it and uh, because of that I'm able to.
Samuel Schneider: I I've just.
Samuel Schneider: Uh, done really well at Purdue and I'm happy to be concluding on a high note.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, yeah, I get that.
Marjorie Furay: It completely because I would always wait until the last day to do my work, you know?
Marjorie Furay: And it's terrible because you have a whole week and then you wait until the last day.
Samuel Schneider: It definitely can be, and sometimes I do that to myself on purpose.
Samuel Schneider: So at Purdue, sometimes I I feel like working right away and it's important to uh with how much work we get each week, it's important to know when you're gonna be doing that work.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah.
Samuel Schneider: So when you feel like doing the work, you should do it. You should.
Marjorie Furay: Yep, exactly.
Samuel Schneider: You should.
Samuel Schneider: You should do it when you're motivated.
Samuel Schneider: On the other hand, like I said, I've also listed stuff for the last minute on purpose because I know I'll feel backed into a corner to do it, and then I'll have the motivation one way or another.
Samuel Schneider: So that is another way of doing it, but you shouldn't do that with everything and you should know yourself and whether you're able to do that and you shouldn't just leave everything for the last minute.
Marjorie Furay: That's a great point.
Marjorie Furay: Is to know yourself.
Marjorie Furay: You know, if you're procrastinator that you're gonna do it every time, so try not to, like, purposely get yourself to do it ahead of time and don't feel forced.
Marjorie Furay: It's just something that you have to do because it's something you're paying for when it's schoolwork and things like that or work itself, you know it's you signed up for it.
Marjorie Furay: You gotta do it.
Marjorie Furay: Yep.
Samuel Schneider: Exactly a lot of work is down to obligations rather in school or uh at a job.
Samuel Schneider: So you need to fulfill those obligations, but you should.
Samuel Schneider: You should definitely know yourself and how you can best accomplish those tasks, and I think efficiency and applying it correctly is very useful both from a technological standpoint and also from a just a daily standpoint.
Marjorie Furay: Right, exactly.
Marjorie Furay: Well, that was a great presentation.
Marjorie Furay: Thank you so much.
Samuel Schneider: I'm glad you enjoyed it.
Marjorie Furay: Is anybody else have a question for Sam?
Marjorie Furay: Also.
Samuel Schneider: Nice then, uh, that everyone.
Samuel Schneider: Thanks for you for listening.
Samuel Schneider: I appreciate the comments too.
Marjorie Furay: Great. Great job.
Samuel Schneider: Uh, good luck to everyone else.
Marjorie Furay: Thank you.
Marjorie Furay: All right, Zach, your turn.
Marjorie Furay: Are you ready?
Zack Rimstidt: I'm ready.
Zack Rimstidt: I'll just let me bring my screen up.
Marjorie Furay: OK.
Zack Rimstidt: Alright.
Marjorie Furay: I do, yes.
Zack Rimstidt: Can you guys see the PowerPoint alright?
Zack Rimstidt: So for today I'll be starting with taking a brief look at the history of MQTT.
Zack Rimstidt: We'll dive into how the broker works.
Zack Rimstidt: I'll cover event driven versus polling for data collection.
Zack Rimstidt: I'll take a look at some of the industry applications that MQTT supports and then I'll cover some brief information on how you could get started using an QT at home.
Zack Rimstidt: If you would do so inclined to uh, so MQTT stands for message queuing, telemetry, transport.
Zack Rimstidt: It was developed in 1999 by Andrew Stanford Clark and Arlen Nipper.
Zack Rimstidt: It was Stan standardized by Oasis in 2013.
Zack Rimstidt: They still maintain that standard today, and it was originally developed for monitoring and sensing equipment that required or had to be used in a low bandwidth environment.
Zack Rimstidt: We're currently on in QT 5.0 as of March 7th, 2019 at three point.
Zack Rimstidt: 1.1 is still widely supported.
Zack Rimstidt: I I had to look up why they skipped 4IN.
Zack Rimstidt: Actually one of the bytes within the variable header of the control packet, either revision number is referenced as four.
Zack Rimstidt: So to respect that, they've just moved on to 5.
Zack Rimstidt: Uh cover how it works in MQTT is a TCP protocol.
Zack Rimstidt: It consists of clients and a broker system and operates on a publish and subscribe system.
Zack Rimstidt: So in the diagram on the right you can see the MQTT broker represented in the center with the clients on the left and right on the left we have temperature sensors which would be the clients just as well as possible.
Zack Rimstidt: Users or applications represented on the right.
Zack Rimstidt: The sensors would publish a value.
Zack Rimstidt: In this case it's 20 degrees C that gets sent to the broker and then the client at the top has subscribed to the broker to get updates on that value.
Zack Rimstidt: So once the broker receives that update, it will then publish out that information back to the client that subscribed for it, and this supports machine to machine communication as well as IT environments.
Zack Rimstidt: And again, because it was done designed for low bandwidth, it's great in applications where network strength is an ideal and next we'll cover the quality of service of MQTT messaging.
Zack Rimstidt: This is a way to ensure that messages are received at the broker from clients.
Zack Rimstidt: The first is quality of service 0, which is at most once as kind of a fire and forget method where it just sends it.
Zack Rimstidt: There's no confirmation needed.
Zack Rimstidt: The next one is quality of service one.
Zack Rimstidt: This is at least once.
Zack Rimstidt: This ensures that the message has been received at least once.
Zack Rimstidt: It's kind of like saying hi to a friend, you know, you might have to flag him down.
Zack Rimstidt: Say hi a couple of times to get their attention, but that's alright.
Zack Rimstidt: It'll continue firing messages off until it ensures that one of them has been received and then quality of service too is exactly once this you can think about like sending money to someone you know.
Zack Rimstidt: If I've been most someone $20, I wanna make sure they get it, but I don't wanna keep sending that money to make sure that they got it.
Zack Rimstidt: So this requires a little more communication and back and forth between the clients and the broker.
Zack Rimstidt: Uh to briefly cover event driven versus polling data collection polling requests information from the machines at this is done usually at a millisecond or second frequency.
Zack Rimstidt: It's very fast and when you look at manufacturing applications where many of the lines are controlled by PLCS, this can be very taxing on the computer resources of the PLC's.
Zack Rimstidt: They're very robust, but comparatively, you know, less smart or less smart than a PC.
Zack Rimstidt: You know that we're using right now.
Zack Rimstidt: They're fairly lightweight on computer resources and older factories.
Zack Rimstidt: These are likely already pretty taxed, so you wanna help preserve that by driving on event, and this the ornament means that it only updates on change or under certain conditions.
Zack Rimstidt: If I'm watching a sensor to see if the light goes green or red, I don't need to keep asking it. You know.
Zack Rimstidt: Are you green?
Zack Rimstidt: I only want the update to be sent to me once some sort of sensor is read that it's turned green and that again helps preserve bandwidth by reducing the back and forth traffic over the network.
Zack Rimstidt: One of the first industry applications will cover is the UNS.
Zack Rimstidt: This the US is the unified namespace. MQTT is a protocol that can be used to support.
Zack Rimstidt: These architectures and it is compliant with the ISA 95 system integration to take a look at the right, this is kind of a traditional manufacturing business software stack.
Zack Rimstidt: So at the bottom of the pyramid, we've got our sensors and signals.
Zack Rimstidt: These are collecting all the data that we'll use going up a level.
Zack Rimstidt: That's the controls layer.
Zack Rimstidt: This is usually where it's interpreted, interpreted, and then used at the floor level.
Zack Rimstidt: Next is the scotta, or supervisory control and data acquisition layer.
Zack Rimstidt: This is where you usually visualize that data to understand the current state of a you know manufacturing line or plant as a whole.
Zack Rimstidt: Next, you've got your manufacturing planning system and your enterprise resource planning systems.
Zack Rimstidt: These don't need as much as that data from the sensors and signals, but they'll use some of the KPI's calculated in the mid levels to kind of display how the business or plant is doing as a whole and these brokers where you would have your data organized can be bridged.
Zack Rimstidt: This can be throughout a factory across the country or across the world.
Zack Rimstidt: They really help connect that data.
Zack Rimstidt: And kind of break down what US is to a more, you know, personal level, it's almost like having folder paths where you would have those levels through a factory.
Zack Rimstidt: So for example, in the diagram on the right, if I had a UNS at my house, I could have it broken down where the first layer would be my house and then I would go to the kitchen and then I would read from my temperature, humidity.
Zack Rimstidt: If I wanted to see how hot it was in the kitchen, if I wanted to add another sensor or another room or location even I can simply publish another value to the broker and it'll update those folder paths to accommodate new information and new routes and a neat tool of MQTT is the wild cards.
Zack Rimstidt: One of them is the pound sign, which returns all tags below the last layer published.
Zack Rimstidt: So if I subscribed to the my house slash pound sign line that would return everything under it.
Zack Rimstidt: So in this case, the everything within the kitchen and living room.
Zack Rimstidt: This is kind of useful for troubleshooting, or if you just want to get added glimpse everything that's being published at a certain level.
Zack Rimstidt: Another one is general IT support.
Zack Rimstidt: Yeah, this is great for connecting devices and sensors, or an alternative is making data more accessible.
Zack Rimstidt: Again, kind of relating to factories with those PLC's or older systems, you know, I know one of the plants that I've been in they were using, they had systems still running on Ms DOS using floppy disks.
Zack Rimstidt: They're older systems, but with the support of devices, IoT devices such as you know Raspberry Pi or board within ESP 8266 you can place these devices at the edge connected to that hardware to gather that data from the PLC's and controllers and then publish that to the broker to where people within the factory or even remotely can gain access to that data and connect it to applications or other needs.
Zack Rimstidt: And IMTT does accept XML and Jason formatted data as well as just raw values, strings, integers, doubles, whatever it may be.
Zack Rimstidt: And the final industry application will look at tonight is the digital twin as is fairly self explanatory.
Zack Rimstidt: The goal is to digitally represent your factory.
Zack Rimstidt: This can be through collected data or commonly it can also be done as a 3D representation of what's moving around in the plant.
Zack Rimstidt: Currently, one of the ways to do this is to use one of the MQTT client libraries or an API to bring the data into a simulation software and then through using scripting you can connect that data to modeled assets that will move around as the data is updated and this shows a real time state, position and flow of items in the plant.
Zack Rimstidt: Can I connect this to some work that I was involved in and what I'm currently learning now on the internship we had done this similarly on a kind of demo or proof of concept line.
Zack Rimstidt: We had a G's or automatic guided vehicles moving around the line, and as they would move, they would publish their X&Y position as well as their rotation to MQTT broker uh through some C sharp scripting done by a vendor that was then actually brought into unity where using that game engine the AGV and kind of the floor layout were modeled and updated live.
Zack Rimstidt: So you could pull that up next to the line or at home to see how the AG's were moving around and seeing that done in unity and working in unity.
Zack Rimstidt: Now it's really connecting the dots that getting some more ideas, so that's been really interesting to see happen and to learn about and the wrap it up if you'd like to get started at home, I'd recommend using the mosquito broker.
Zack Rimstidt: It's free and very easy to configure.
Zack Rimstidt: After installing it, it takes about 2 lines of altering a config file to have an open and running broker, but just as well it supports MQTT over TLS and Websockets and you can apply certificates to make things more secure and if you'd like to take a more enterprise approach there are ways to create certificates for users and it does support LDAP integration.
Zack Rimstidt: If you had an ad system you'd like to connect to, and it's compatible with most Linux distributions.
Zack Rimstidt: I've worked with REL Ubuntu and Raspbian for the mosquito broker and you know, Rashmi, in that last one, set it up on Raspberry Pi or Ubuntu if you wanted to install it on a you know VM on your desktop.
Zack Rimstidt: Both of those would work, and I've had little issues that really doesn't require a lot of computer resources to get started and then to support that.
Zack Rimstidt: There's the PAHO client library.
Zack Rimstidt: Uh, you can get this for Java, Python, JavaScript, C, C++ and C sharp, as well as some other languages.
Zack Rimstidt: It covers really all the popular ones, and then there's the Eclipse Foundation, which supports PAHO, has a wealth of documentation and just as well with the quick Google search there's plenty of forums, guides, videos and step-by-step procedures to get you up and running and then the MQTT Explorer is a great tool for troubleshooting this kind of runs.
Zack Rimstidt: The wild card to once you connect to a broker, it'll just show you absolutely everything that's publishing through that, which is great for me to see.
Zack Rimstidt: And wanted to gauge how many tags are live or if I've made a spelling mistake and I'm not putting my data where I think I am.
Zack Rimstidt: Uh, and that kind of concludes the overview of MQTT.
Zack Rimstidt: I'd like to thank everyone for your time today.
Zack Rimstidt: And then open it up for questions.
Marjorie Furay: Excellent job.
Zack Rimstidt: Thank you.
Marjorie Furay: I had no idea brand new.
Zack Rimstidt: Yeah, I I only learned about it two years ago, but I've been really enjoying it ever since.
Marjorie Furay: That is really cool.
Marjorie Furay: Anyone have any questions for Zach?
Marjorie Furay: OK.
Marjorie Furay: I guess you made it very clear and made everything while the information very clear.
Marjorie Furay: Basically a coded sensor that can report live data.
Zack Rimstidt: Yeah.
Zack Rimstidt: Well, the the protocol to support that in the software.
Marjorie Furay: Gotcha.
Zack Rimstidt: OK.
Zack Rimstidt: Well, thank you.
Marjorie Furay: OK, excellent.
Marjorie Furay: Great job.
Marjorie Furay: OK.
Marjorie Furay: I will do brush lies.
Marjorie Furay: Let me get that.
Marjorie Furay: Screen.
Marjorie Furay: And she hasn't recording.
Marjorie Furay: Can everybody?
Marjorie Furay: Can you see the screen?
Angela Robinette: Yep, I can see it.
Marjorie Furay: Ohh, but you can't hear it.
Angela Robinette: No, there's no sound.
Marjorie Furay: Of course.
Marjorie Furay: Because, you know, I forgot to do what I tell everybody else to do.
Marjorie Furay: You put it over there this time.
Marjorie Furay: Yeah, that and that.
Marjorie Furay: OK.
Marjorie Furay: Can you see the screen?
Bradley Marker: Yes.
Marjorie Furay: Thank you.
Rikki Boodram: Yep.
Marjorie Furay: Good evening everyone.
Marjorie Furay: I'm rashmi.
Marjorie Furay: I will present you all about credit cards and credit card statistics in the US, credit cards are not a modern financial innovation.
Marjorie Furay: The concept of credit card dates back to ancient types, much like modern day credit cards.
Marjorie Furay: Ancient civilizations like Mesopotamia and Arabian used clay tablets to track trade and transactions.
Marjorie Furay: Ancient credit card the figure is a clay tablet used by Mesopotamia and Harappan civilizations.
Marjorie Furay: The earthen tablet bore seals from the two civilizations and was used out of necessity, the volume of goods traded between them was so large that pain with physical money would have been too cumbersome.
Marjorie Furay: Modern credit card a modern credit card is a plastic or a metal card, or a combination of metal and plastic that allows you to access a line of credit offered by the bank that issued the card every time you pay for something with the credit card, you borrow money from the card issuer to cover the purchase.
Marjorie Furay: You must repay the money in full at the end of the month or over time.
Marjorie Furay: Credit card has 13 to 819 digits that can be used for transactions.
Marjorie Furay: Each symbol and number on the card serves a purpose, whether for fraud protection or simplifying transactions.
Marjorie Furay: The card wouldn't holder name is the name of the account holder while it through is the card expiration month and year hologram is small, shiny 3D sticker placed on either front or back of the credit card hologram.
Marjorie Furay: Also ensures the card is legal and not easy to copy.
Marjorie Furay: See, baby is the card verification value a fraud and security measures for credit and debit card, EMV chip, Europay, MasterCard and Visa chip is a small magnetic chip for fraud protection.
Marjorie Furay: How do credit cards work when a proof product credit card the bank authorizes a credit limit?
Marjorie Furay: The maximum amount you can borrow to be used at your discretion.
Marjorie Furay: Your credit limit will depend on factors such as your income, other debts, and how much available credit you have on other cards.
Marjorie Furay: When you receive the bills, you pay a certain minimum amount, the entire balance or some amount paying just the minimum every month is ultimately the most expensive options, since it will cost you the most in interest.
Marjorie Furay: Paying in full is the best option when you pay in full each month, you get a grace period to avoid paying any interest on purchases.
Marjorie Furay: Major credit card networks in the US.
Marjorie Furay: When you think of widespread credit card networks, Visa and MasterCard probably come to the mind first in terms of purchasing volume B size the clear leader with more than $2.00 trillion in 2021.
Marjorie Furay: MasterCard is the 2nd closest competitor with over $1.00 trillion.
Marjorie Furay: American Express and discover round out the networks art $892.00 billion and $182 billion, respectively.
Marjorie Furay: Credit card networks by percent of purchase volume.
Marjorie Furay: This pie chart depicts the credit card network by purchase volume.
Marjorie Furay: Visa is the clear front runner in terms of purchase volume.
Marjorie Furay: In 2021, the same can be said over the past five years, with Visa always maintaining at least 50% of the market share among the four major networks, visa was steadily increasing its market share over the years, growing from 50.57% in two 2017 to 53.99% in 2020, but in 2021 dropped to 52.6% just slightly slower than the 2020 percentage.
Marjorie Furay: MasterCard has been consistent at around 22% of the market share across the past five years, while American Express has declined slightly from 22.85% in 2017 to 19.6% in 2021.
Marjorie Furay: Discover, while the smallest in terms of the major networks, has held steadily at around 4% of the market share over the past five years.
Marjorie Furay: Number of credit cards in circulation in the United States.
Marjorie Furay: This pie chart depicts the 2021 credit cards in circulation in the United States.
Marjorie Furay: We, Zack comes in at the top at close to 50% of all credits in the circulation and 2021.
Marjorie Furay: This lead as slowly declined over the past five years, falling from high of 52.84% in 2016.
Marjorie Furay: People are gradually moving towards MasterCard as it share has steadily increased, while American Express and discover remained fairly consistent by percentage over this period.
Marjorie Furay: Major credit card issuers by person of outstanding balances.
Marjorie Furay: This pie chart depicts the top credit card issuers in 2021 by average outstanding balance credit card issuers such as banks, retailers, or credit unions, issue credit cards to consumers.
Marjorie Furay: There are many credit card issuers, but still I have limited the data to the top 15.
Marjorie Furay: Here I have included both general purpose and store card issuers.
Marjorie Furay: For example, issues such as Synchrony, Financial City retail services, and alliance data systems or issues, store cards for business such as Old Navy, Sam's Club, and more outstanding balance shows how much of your available credit limits and the credit issuer sets credit limits.
Marjorie Furay: This data factors in people who are pay off their balance on their cards.
Marjorie Furay: Each month are those who carry a balance.
Marjorie Furay: Cheese was the largest issue of outstanding balance in 2021 at one $54.30 billion CT Bank Capital, One Bank of America and U.S.
Marjorie Furay: Bank round out the top five.
Marjorie Furay: There are over 15 card issuers, but combining the outstanding balances from the remaining issuers adds up to lesson any top five issuers.
Marjorie Furay: Major issues by purchase volume.
Marjorie Furay: This line graph depicts the top credit card issuers in the US by purchase volume.
Marjorie Furay: Here we can see a drop in purchasing volume in 2020, while an increase in purchase volume in 2021.
Marjorie Furay: American Express and cheese has the most significant jump in numbers from 2020 to 2021, trees and American Express, where 2021 stop issuers in market share by purchase volume with a volume of about eight, $50 billion to nine, $50 billion.
Marjorie Furay: In fact, these two issues were also the top two over the past five years.
Marjorie Furay: American Express was previously the leader in this category, but this flipped for the first time in 2020 due to the large than average decline in purchasing volume.
Marjorie Furay: Citibank, Bank of America and Capital One made up the second tier of issuers hovering in the $400.00 billion range.
Marjorie Furay: The remaining three banks in the last tire include U.S.
Marjorie Furay: Bank discover and Wells Fargo in the one $30 billion to one $80 billion range credit card market share facts based on the four payment card networks.
Marjorie Furay: Visa, MasterCard, American Express, discover by the end of 2020, there were 485,000,000 open general purpose cards and 214,000,000 open private labeled accounts.
Marjorie Furay: In 2021, Visa had nearly 50% of all credit cards in circulation in the US when combined, Visa and MasterCard dominated the market in 2021, with over 75% of spending by purchase volume, 2021 saw an increase in purchase volume compared to 2020 across all networks, and we saw saw the most significant increase with an overall $400 billion increase.
Marjorie Furay: The top ten card issuers in the United States held nearly 88% of outstanding credit card balance and 2021 cheese had the largest credit card market share of any issue or in 2021, measured by outstanding balance and purchase volume.
Marjorie Furay: How do credit cards differ from other cards?
Marjorie Furay: A debit card is linked to your checking account.
Marjorie Furay: Debit card purchase automatically pull money out of your account.
Marjorie Furay: You are using your money to pay for things rather than borrow it.
Marjorie Furay: A prepaid debit card isn't linked to a checking account.
Marjorie Furay: Instead, you load money onto the card and can only spend as much as you have loaded.
Marjorie Furay: Neither debit nor prepaid cards will affect your credit scores, because using them does not involve borrowing money, only a credit card will affect your credit score.
Marjorie Furay: Types of credit cards rewards credit cards give you something back for each purchase you make.
Marjorie Furay: Generally these cards require good credit.
Marjorie Furay: They come in different types.
Marjorie Furay: Cash back cards give you money back, airline credit cards and hotel credit cards give you miles or points that you can redeem for free flights or stays with the cards partner, airline or hotel chain.
Marjorie Furay: General travel cards give you points that you can use to pay for any travel expense.
Marjorie Furay: Store credit cards reward you for loyalty by giving you discounts or other benefits for shopping at the store that provided the card.
Marjorie Furay: Low interest cards don't give you reports.
Marjorie Furay: Instead, they provide value with a lower interest rate, making it less expensive to carry a balance, balance transfer credit card lets you move your debt from another issue, or to take advantage of a lower interest rate.
Marjorie Furay: Credit card options for those with less than good credit are more limited.
Marjorie Furay: Rebates are more skills and interest rates are higher.
Marjorie Furay: Student credit cards.
Marjorie Furay: Being a college student doesn't automatically qualify someone for us to student credit card.
Marjorie Furay: The Credit Card Act of 2009 prohibits issuers from keeping cards to people under 21 unless they have a proof of income or a cosigner, someone willing to put their credit on the line to help the applicant build theirs.
Marjorie Furay: Reasons to get a credit card debit cards are appealing because they don't involve borrowing money and won't rack up debt.
Marjorie Furay: But they also don't help you establish credit history.
Marjorie Furay: Building credit is one of the key benefits of using a credit card.
Marjorie Furay: Others include sign up bonus.
Marjorie Furay: The bonus could help you start an emergency fund in the case of a cash back card, or take a trip.
Marjorie Furay: Ongoing rewatch.
Marjorie Furay: Rewatch, give you back some of the money you spend building credit, establishing a good payment history can help you borrow money in the future at lower rates at 0% introductory APR.
Marjorie Furay: Period.
Marjorie Furay: This lets you avoid interest on purchases of or balances transfers during the promotional period.
Marjorie Furay: Flexibility, though, it's best to always pay your balance in full each month.
Marjorie Furay: A credit card or allows you to pay for things over time, which helps when you have a major purchase or financial emergency.
Marjorie Furay: Costs of carrying a credit card credit cards can come with cost, but you can avoid most of them with responsible use.
Marjorie Furay: They include interest payments.
Marjorie Furay: Credit cards can have different interest rates or APIs for purchase.
Marjorie Furay: Cash advance and balance transfers when you pay in full every month you purchase, don't accurate in interest and your fees.
Marjorie Furay: Sub cards charge annual fields from around $20 to hundreds of dollars.
Marjorie Furay: Annual fee can be worth paying if the card gives you rewards and perks that make up for the cost, but in most cases you shouldn't pay a fee just for the privilege of having the card in your wallet late payment fees.
Marjorie Furay: The cost varies per issue or, but federal regulations limit how much late fees can be.
Marjorie Furay: As of 2018, first time late fees were capped at $27.00 and the fees for a second let payment with within six months where limited to $38.
Marjorie Furay: Late fees also can't cost more than the minimum payment due balance.
Marjorie Furay: Transfer fees generally balance transfer credit cards charge 3% to 4.5% of the amount of debt transport.
Marjorie Furay: Some cards wipe the fee when you transfer depth within a certain time frame.
Marjorie Furay: Foreign transaction fee.
Marjorie Furay: Most cards add surcharge of 1% to 3% on transactions made with non US virgins.
Marjorie Furay: Travel credit cards generally don't charge these fees, and some issuers don't charge them on any of their card tips for effective credit card use.
Marjorie Furay: The benefits of using a credit card responsibly outweigh the costs.
Marjorie Furay: Here are some best practices to adapt.
Marjorie Furay: Pay your bill on time and in full every month.
Marjorie Furay: Keep your balance below 30% of your available credit.
Marjorie Furay: Wait at least six months between credit card applications and if you are account online weekly to track spending and avoid fraud, keep no annual fee credit cards open and active to avoid hurting your credit scores.
Marjorie Furay: Using the credit card responsibly is an easy and efficient way to establish healthy credit.
Marjorie Furay: You will be thankful that you did so when you are able to borrow affordably in the future.
Marjorie Furay: References.
Marjorie Furay: These are the supporting resources used to prepare these slides.
Marjorie Furay: Thank you everyone.
Marjorie Furay: And Marjorie Furay for giving this opportunity.
Marjorie Furay: Well, that was excellent.
Marjorie Furay: That was very cool.
Marjorie Furay: Lot of information to get from that and if you didn't know about credit now you know right that was great to see the numbers and their love has changed over the cup a couple years.
Marjorie Furay: You know, you see them go up and down like that too.
Marjorie Furay: Umm, I would say.
Marjorie Furay: Any questions but am rashmi's not here.
Marjorie Furay: I'm sure you can umm, chat with her later if you had any questions on that that she might have found.
Marjorie Furay: Other than that, I want to thank everybody for what they had to say tonight.
Marjorie Furay: Great presentations again, I love master class.
Marjorie Furay: Awesome.
Marjorie Furay: Umm, but everybody, thanks for coming.
Marjorie Furay: Have a great night.
Marjorie Furay: You know, if you missed the master classes, we have them not only in teams, but they are on PGI pods also.
Marjorie Furay: I've been putting them on there, so if you wanna see some of the older ones, you can always go on the website.
Marjorie Furay: Pgipods.com and see them on there.
Marjorie Furay: But again, we do have them in here on master class playlist, so everybody have a great night and a good weekend.
Marjorie Furay: If I don't see you to Morrow.
Marjorie Furay: Thanks everybody.
Angela Robinette: Goodnight.
Angela Robinette: Thank you to the presenters.
Angela Robinette: You guys did well.
Marjorie Furay: Great job.
Angela Robinette: Always learn something new.
Marjorie Furay: That's right.
Alex Burymski: Thanks everyone.
Pete Garcia: And thank you.
Eric Gilbert: I'm good night.
Rikki Boodram: Alright, take care.