Hulu.
Ohh and welcome everyone to master class this Thursday,
September 21st 2023.
So glad to see everybody.
I'm going to put the bot out also, but first I wanna put in
the chat the agenda for tonight.
That didn't work.
Is that's not my list.
You're gonna hold anybody up because we do have quite a few.
We have 12345677 presentations this evening and I'm telling you
they look so good.
I cannot wait to get started on them, so we're gonna start with
Ahmad.
If you're ready and you want to go ahead and start the
presentation.
Hello, can you hear me?
Yes.
OK.
So I just had the share button.
I'm assuming should pop in.
Yes.
Tell me if here we share the screen.
Can you guys see my screen?
Yes, I can.
OK.
And.
Going here.
Rebecca, your cameras on.
OK.
Once present.
I think you know I'm seeing you or someone else, but I.
No.
There you go.
I hate when that happens.
Alright, I.
Alright.
Beautiful.
I see it.
So my topic I chose today was gonna be cryptocurrency and
solving real world problems.
My name is Ahmad elossah.
A little bit about myself.
Uh, I come from a multi cultural background.
Umm.
Bilingual.
I also speak Arabic.
I'm 24 and I reside in Ohio.
I've been here pretty much all my life.
I'm loving the experience with Purdue Global University and
that find this program stop me a lot.
Uh and the making with the internship?
Uh, so with the topic I chose for today, a little history on
it.
I was actually 13 when I ran into Bitcoin.
The heavy hitter of the most popular at the time.
Well, actually not at the time, but currently now the most
talked about and I was actually at the PayPal screen ready to
purchase about.
I wanna say 500 Bitcoin and it was like I believe around 20 or
$30 or so.
Uh trending, but I did not have a credit card to put in at that
age, and my neighborhood best friend Brian was the one who
brought it to my attention as well.
So we both bagged their moms to just purchase at least 100
Bitcoin, but they thought it was a scam.
So that's kind of what?
I guess inspired me to make this presentation to inform more
people and about cryptocurrency and what it can do and change
and the real world.
I guess, uh, that we see today.
Uh.
No, that ones.
That's gonna leave me into my second slide.
So we got cryptocurrencies.
So, for beginners, uh, that really don't know anything about
it that much. Umm.
Cryptocurrency is a decentralized form of digital or
virtual currency that uses cryptograph for security.
It operates on a technology called the blockchain, which is
distributed ledgers and forced by a network of computers called
nodes.
Unlike traditional currencies issued by governments,
cryptocurrencies are not regulated by central authority,
making them immune.
Government interference and manipulation.
Bitcoin, introduced in 2009, was the first cryptocurrency and
remains the most well known.
As I mentioned in the past slide, but thousands of others,
including Ethereum and rival, have since emerged the value of
cryptocurrency is can be highly volatile as we can see today in
the world world market with the crypto trading, it can go and
come down and do whatever it wants really.
And there are adoption and usage continuous spark both and suit
enthusiasm and speculation globally.
So I guess it's too new for people to really jump into and
it just unstable at the moment.
But I'm hoping down the road people can start developing
cryptocurrency like I've, for example, seen an Ethereum ATM at
a circle Circle K gas station of all places.
That kind of blew me away to see Ohh wow.
Like it's hitting the scenes quicker than I thought.
So with my with my particular idea, I'd like to actually give
people and the government sort of half and half power within
the cryptocurrency itself, maybe making umm some kind of conjoint
system where it's not all the way government and it's not all
the way outside of the government, so it actually plays
both ways and it can mix in nicely.
And this would actually increase job security.
For what I'm doing right now with with crypto or with cyber
security.
And this could enable two factor authentication or two FA and
other features down the road.
It can even my my might even incorporate a face ID's pen
enabling passcodes all that encrypting biometrics.
Uh, because then that data needs to be safe as well, which will
land more security.
But the cyber side and more jobs on that end.
So on to the second slot or third slide.
The problem right now that I've seen would be American
homelessness, the Department of Housing and Urban Development
count it around 582 hundred thousand Americans experiencing
homelessness and 2022 alone.
So with my solution umm, because I kind of have a similar kind of
thing going on.
Uh, just at a smaller scale, there's something called network
mining versus uh, the old Bitcoin farm mining, which took
so much uh, power and electricity that the bill alone
for some of those farms would be in the 1,000,000, maybe 1/4 of a
million, but they would get a good return also on that.
But it would be detrimental to the environment, which also uh
wouldn't be a plus and solving that issue.
So I would I would come in and play with making a coin or token
called E Real estate.
Umm coin mining solution plan and would be like a piece of
legislation that I would hope could take, like could go into
some some form of local government or local Congress if
you will some sort of city scale even for halfway homes retirees
like elderly places.
Umm anything of that nature?
Ah, and I'll be in little units.
So these miners are about the size of a Wi-Fi router.
I own two currently at the moment and I've played around
with them.
They're not, per se, hard to design or create.
It's pretty basic standard hardware and motherboard type
deals with a network attached to it, so everything in this plan
is feasible.
I would just need the people in the back it up and the
government to basically adopt it and this would cut, I believe,
homelessness and half just because of how mining can
basically.
How the individual and the homes being there First off cause then
it would pay itself back and don't have to worry to make ends
meet as a normal average American.
This would cut that virtual solution and the real world
situation.
And here I have a video of a little bit of an example of
mining just for anyone that's new into the into the game.
Umm.
And haven't really looked into it as much.
I think it was a good summary of it to minute long government
play that.
Or I forgot to say you need to turn on your computer sound when
you're sharing, cause we can't hear anything.
Uh ah, let's see.
Showing it's on.
Can you hear that?
No, it's within the share itself.
When you go back into share it, so unshare and then share again
Ah.
and at the top right corner there's was it used computers
sound.
So.
OK.
Stop sharing.
Right.
And then and clear computer sound.
Yeah, right there.
Yep, there you go.
How we looking?
We got it.
Can you guys see my screen?
Yes.
OK, cool.
Cool.
Let's redo that.
Ohh Craig, this was a the Bitcoin mining farm.
The old fashioned 1 still running and some other places,
but that was what I was referring to.
Yeah, I I wish I had bought into it.
We had an intern actually who bought into it like $10,000 and
I'm wondering how he's doing now.
Ohh.
He bought $10,000 worth at the price that you were talking
about when it was really, really, really, really low on at
the beginning probably five years ago.
Yeah.
Yeah, exactly.
And.
I was.
I was blown away when I saw what it's worth now.
Yeah.
So that's why I wanted.
I was like, dude, I'm not getting into that.
That was stupid.
Exactly.
Right, right.
Alright, here we go.
Umm.
For the second time, see how?
Alright, here's your 62nd rundown on how crypto mining
worked.
Every 10 minutes there's a new 6.25 bitcoins that are awarded
to one of the miners.
Now the miner that actually receives this reward of 6.25
Bitcoin is based on a math problem, and whoever can get the
closest to or can actually solve this math problem is the minor
that will get rewarded with the Bitcoin.
Now if you purchase a Bitcoin miner, you can run it on your
own and you can try and be the minor that solves the equation
to win this major reward and six, Bitcoin is a big payday.
However, the odds are very low because you're competing on your
own against all of the other miners in the world.
The other option here is to pool all of your mining energy
together with a bunch of other miners, and then split the
rewards and pay yourselves out on a steady basis.
This is what I have chosen to do and as of right now I'm making
about $3.30 every four hours.
So far, we've mined about $3600 worth or about 0.09 Bitcoin.
Alright, just have that video.
Basically explained, uh, essentially you can put it in a
pool and that's what I was.
Alright, here's your 62nd rundown.
That's when I was kind of referring to what the mining,
what are you real estate plan?
And I would say that to be very beneficial because at a massive
scale with at least, you know, a quarter of a million people with
each unit for those minors like that individual was talking
about and explaining, umm, that $3 an hour could easily be 100
an hour at any given moment.
And the more people that join and conglomerate on a pool, the
better the chances for, you know, a homeless individual to
be still.
And these units and they would just have to provide basically
participation that they're living there every month or by
by weekly or annually, whatever.
Umm.
And that would be the only thing they would have to present.
And they could still live almost, if you could say rent
free at that point, because they're just there.
Existence is paying for their rent.
I feel like we can, as the world is changing more digitally.
Umm, I would see that being an being an option and then like if
you go to New York there's some like crazy Outlanders priced
apartments for no reason.
The space the size of a, a shed and that could easily be at
least toe to toe competition with the real estate
cryptocurrency plan.
Umm.
So essentially, make a deal with the government run housing
assistant living areas like before.
This would be like kind of the checklist for me.
Start making the very first E real estate cryptocurrency go
after that.
Obviously, they wouldn't take her is like 10 steps.
Uh, make the actual Wi-Fi router size official real estate?
Crypto miners have them come out of the process.
Essentially, with the motherboards and antennas, all
very cheap parts plug and participate.
That would be for the individual that needs a home.
At the moment, I mean, I've seen so many people living in their
cars at like, only at the age of 22.
It's kind of crisis mode right now.
This this could present a relief at least, or some kind of a roof
over the head, if you will have all the miners and these special
homes contribute to multiple mining pools and stakes.
And I'll continue with that in another slide.
On poles and stakes, because that's a big part of it as well.
So support the project altogether.
Have all the major exchanges support swap and keep all the
data safe through cyber security protocols which I'm already
learning currently, so that would be beneficial down the
road to incorporate for this plan.
And uh, yeah, we'll go to the next slide here.
So before I run the second video, I got a basically a
summary of staking and pulling for this project in general and
it goes like this.
Cryptocurrency staking pools allow multiple coin holders to
combine the resources to increase their chances of
validating new transactions and earning rewards and proof of
stake.
POS and short blockchain networks validators are chosen
to create new blocks based on the number of coins they hold,
and they're willing to stake or lock up as individuals.
Some holders might not have enough coins to compete with
large staple stakeholders.
Excuse me, but my pooling their resources, they can increase
their collective staking power.
Participants in the staking pool share the rewards promptly based
on their contributed stake.
So essentially all that means is.
The more the pool, the better and solid the steak is versus
having these farms and clean out as much as I don't know, like I
said, quarter of a million and electric bills, this would be a
solution to that and again way better for the environment and
each home can carry one just plug and play.
Simple.
Ohh.
Create legislation or paperwork related with government, like a
WIC food stamps, if you will.
They can even take that and make it into a those kind of
assistance, easy to track.
I would think real time better than it could be better than
this system today.
It might need an update or two, but again, anything government
related takes a a good minute to, I guess, be on the trends if
you will.
So long term I could see it working out and here would be
the video to further explain it.
Again, it's a minute long.
Not too much, not too crazy with taneous.
Proof of stake is an alternative method of creating blocks in a
blockchain compared to proof of work in proof of stake.
The block producers are called validator instead of miners.
Validators must put down a deposit or stake in order to
participate in the process.
Block creation improve awards.
Miners compete to create a block simultaneously, and the first
one to produce a valid block is the winner and gets the block
the board.
This is usually the party with the most computation power in
proof of stake.
Validators are chosen based on some selection algorithm that
takes their stake into account.
Once a validator is selected, they have the exclusive right to
create a blog.
The other validators are not wasting energy doing any
computational work since they are lost selected.
This will dramatically reduce the energy consumption compared
to proof of work mining and is much better for the environment.
In addition, if the validator must behave, then they will lose
their stake.
This gives the validators being incentive to behave honestly.
That was basically the summary of what I was referring to in
video form and we will move on to the second or fifth slide, I
believe.
So I can I have six line that's why.
You can let me do that.
OK.
So then this will be my sources that I've gathered and my own
personal experience as well with it.
And I really see high hopes and this evolving, whether it be
pushed slowly or uh, aggressively, again we see
almost cars driving themselves.
I mean, what's next?
You know this, this is probably like Tesla's up on on its top on
its peak.
Everyone's going Tesla.
The more I'm on the road, some more, I see him again.
ATM Ethereum cryptocurrencies ready to withdraw, so this could
be very well in the making.
Umm.
Again, as on paper, but that shouldn't matter, because all it
takes is a little push and some some networking, and it could be
very much here today and to stay as we see today in the real
world and that would solve homelessness essentially as one
of the beneficial beneficial routes.
And it could be almost like in the movies where you don't need
to come up with the classic ends, meet for rent, or wherever
you're at.
And this could very well change the real estate market as well.
Like there's so many things that could happen with this crypto.
Basically is the beginning and not necessarily the end.
And that concludes my presentation.
Awesome, awesome job.
Thank you.
Does anybody have any questions for Ahmad?
Yeah, excellent job, yes.
Ahmad, can you hear me?
Yeah.
Amount.
Excellent presentation.
I I just was gonna ask, do you think the the the trains pretty
much left the station as far as crypto or do you think it's
still kind of?
Possibly get in.
I I think I think it's still there.
Definitely.
Umm, we just had our first early wave with Bitcoin.
That was kind of the trial phase and that's why it's so volatile
today, ohm.
But once something solidified hits and there's actual people
on board and there's, like again good real world solutions with
it like you can see it like how I saw that ATM etherium ATM like
that kind of blew me away.
That's basically the like the beginning for me.
Umm, I would say that would be the second wave and could be
more waves after, but that would definitely be a good sign in the
right step if that makes sense.
So definitely not that, but definitely not forgotten.
You think the pricing of the Bitcoin right now it's really
hard to get into because of the pricing of it.
If you're gonna buy a Bitcoin, it's it's tremendous.
Ohh yeah definitely.
But there's new ones I don't know about.
The new ones?
There's one the dog one and or the dodge one, yeah.
Yeah, those coin and alt coins and ECRM coins.
Yeah.
That's what I'm saying.
Like it could very well be Bitcoin could retire.
Essentially, you don't really need to jump into that.
The next one that could hit everyone's homes, like quite
literally, with this like solution.
I was thinking of it where the homelessness and the network
mining could be the next coin, like it could be called E real
Yeah.
estate coin and then next you know everyone's on board because
they're loving it because everything is more simplified
and less hassle free which everyone wants these days.
That's the goal.
Yeah, my view on that is probably it'll be big in the
cities, but I don't see it happening in the countrysides
because there's so many people who don't understand it and
don't trust it that it's really not gonna be like national or
nationwide.
Do you know what I mean?
Right, right.
And unless it's forced on them, I don't see it really getting
too far.
Homelessness problem is really something that I wish it would
work for.
Absolutely.
Ohh yeah, that could have so many benefits alone and and
That's for sure.
those urban cities and areas.
Yeah.
You know, I think the biggest question is, is how do you get
Ohh go ahead.
once you have those, your money's put into these bitcoins,
how are you supposed to get that money back?
And I guess you were saying if it's something like an ATM,
yeah, that would work.
The people are trying to buy stuff with Bitcoin and it, you
Ohh yeah.
know, there's a lot of places that are not going to use
Bitcoin.
Then you can't buy it.
Right, right.
There would definitely have to be.
Some kind of?
On hand like kiosk if you will like Tokyo for example.
I have tons of kiosks for everything, bending machines of
sorts, and that would be the new bank teller, if you will.
Right.
So yeah, it it's it's, it's, it's revolutionary, it's it's
new and it it could hit at any moment.
Like when I saw that, umm and I and I was in a fairly rural
rural area as well.
Like I I didn't.
I was born away when I saw that I wish I took a picture and put
it in the slides, but I didn't think of it that way.
But it's still there currently so and I just did my
registration and that was fully automated on a kiosk as well,
like a BMV kiosk.
I don't have to speak to anybody, so I guess it could
very well be the next thing.
Very next thing so.
Yeah, right.
Well, excellent job.
Like I said, it's great.
Thank you.
Appreciate it.
Good, good topic to bring up.
Thank you for your guys time.
Definitely a lot of information.
Thank you.
No problem.
All right, Aaron, Are you ready?
And you and I see your bubble.
But I don't hear you.
It makes open, but I don't hear you.
You might be double muted.
Yeah, I you're not muted in teams. Umm.
I have to shut these off.
Yeah, it could be your headphones or it could be on
your system.
You might want to go back, go out and come back in.
Sometimes that gets shut down.
Input output.
Tell you what, why don't I go ahead and do Tyler's recording
while you go out?
Come back in and see if that helps.
Try that.
Alright.
Let me.
Dude this.
Alright.
Alrighty, good evening team.
This is my master class presentation.
It's called securing the Internet of Things, challenges
and solutions.
A presentation on IT and cybersecurity.
My name is Tyler Sadler and I am wrapping up my associates degree
program and I chose to focus my master class presentation on IoT
technology because it's something that's fascinated me
throughout my study so far, especially the aspect of
security.
So I'm going to be covering that tonight.
I got a lot of content, so I'll try to skip around and keep it
as to the point as I can and stay with under the 15 minute
mark because there's a lot to cover.
It took a lot of notes, so let's begin.
So the agenda for tonight, we're going to be covering the
introduction to IO T some applications of IoT security
challenges in IT IT security best practices, some real world
examples of the data breaches or just overall negative effects of
IoT technology that have been publicized some of the future
trends of Internet of Things technology and a conclusion.
I'd like to start off the presentation by quickly just
giving an introduction to IoT technology.
I think at this point in our educational careers and just the
overall situation of where we all live, we're pretty familiar
with IP enabled devices.
I mean, they're all around us, but just for the sake of the
presentation, by definition, the Internet of Things refers to the
network of physical objects or things that are embedded with
sensors, software, other technologies allowing them to
collect and exchange data with other connected devices and
systems over the Internet.
These objects can be everyday items like household appliances,
industrial equipment, vehicles, wearable devices, and more.
The Internet of Things holds immense significance and has
experienced remarkable growth due to its transformative impact
on various aspects of our lives and industries, and out of those
aspects that would include enhanced efficiency, cost
savings, improved quality of life, safety and security,
environmental impact, healthcare advancements, industry growth,
connectivity, data insights and innovation.
Next, I'm going to be covering some applications of IoT
technology covering commercial and industry as well as home and
residential.
So for commercial and industrial, we have examples of
smart buildings like lighting, heating, ventilation, HVAC
systems, security systems, asset tracking.
Good example of this would be like for Amazon.
They have asset tracking technology where they can figure
out where their vehicles are or just like company property,
things like that, environmental monitoring, inventory
management, energy management, point of sale or POS systems.
I mean, you can go into pretty much any mom and pop shop now,
and they've got some kind of advanced POS system, like a
Clover or square ready device and fleet management as far as
in a residential setting, these are very common.
So you see smart homes, thermostats, lighting systems,
voice assistance, home security cameras, doorbell cameras.
These would be like your rings, your nest cameras, things to
that nature, health and Wellness.
Fitness trackers?
Smartwatches.
Home automation, energy savings, entertainments, your Your
Googles, your alexas, things like that.
Home assistants and remote monitoring.
Next, I'd like to spend some time covering some of the
security challenges with IoT technology.
So out of these we have, umm data privacy concerns and device
vulnerabilities.
So starting with data privacy concerns, we have data
collection and surveillance.
So IoT devices such as security cameras and smart home
assistants continuously collect data about users, activities and
behaviors, and this data may include audio, video recordings
which can be in drawn on an ethical line of intrusive if not
handled responsibility.
Along with this, we have a data security data ownership, data
sharing consent, and transparency, so obtaining
informed consent from users for data collection and sharing can
be challenging, especially when the terms and conditions are
buried in lengthy agreements.
So also have data retention, data profiling, cross device
tracking and that means IoT devices when used in conjunction
with each other can enable cross device tracking, allowing
companies to build comprehensive profiles of users across
multiple devices and platforms as well as inadequate security
updates and legal and regulatory compliance.
And now touching on device vulnerabilities.
The first one is weak authentication.
Many IoT devices ship with default user names and passwords
that are rarely changed by users.
Attackers can easily guess or brute force these credentials to
gain unauthorized access.
Secondly, inadequate encryption, thirdly, lack of security
updates for unencrypted firmware.
We also have open ports, so open network ports on IoT devices can
provide entry points for attackers.
We also have insecure APIs, application programming
interfaces that allow for remote control or communication.
If these APIs were to lack proper authentication or access
controls, they can be exploited by tackers.
We got default services physical access as well as a
vulnerability, so attackers can gain physical access to IoT
devices, may be able to manipulate or compromise them.
Firmware tampering, denial of service attacks, insufficient
authentication for updates, insecure communication.
No user interfaces.
Some IoT devices lack user interface for users to configure
security settings, making it difficult to implement necessary
security measures.
Default device identifiers and supply chain attacks.
Next, I want to talk about some attack vectors with IoT
technology.
So firstly we have weak authentication.
Device firmware vulnerabilities.
Insecure network services man in the middle attacks.
I'm sure we're all probably familiar with what that is at
this point.
Packet sniffing, which we should be familiar with as well.
Uh, with our studies here at Purdue Global, if you're in the
IT internship program using Wireshark, things like that.
RFID spoofing or RFID?
Or radio frequency identification.
Physical access or gaining physical access.
DNS spoofing. Eavesdropping.
Das or D dos attacks malware and ransomware social engineering we
all know what that is.
Supply chain attacks.
Botnet recruitment so attackers can compromise vulnerable IoT
devices and use them.
The foreign botnets, which can be used for various malicious
purposes, including launching DDoS attacks, Zero Day exploits
so attackers may discover and exploit previously unknown
vulnerabilities in IoT devices which there are no patches or
fixes available.
So and lastly, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi tasks IoT devices using
Bluetooth or Wi-Fi may be vulnerable.
Attacks targeting these communication protocols, such as
blueboard or crack attacks.
Next, I wanna talk about some security best practices when
using IoT technology.
The first one being strong authentication, so there should
be unique credentials used like a combination of username and
password to prevent attackers from gaining access.
Multi Factor authentication which is very common now.
Today, almost everything requires some form of MFA as
well as device authentication, digital certificates, secure
tokens, and things of that nature.
Uh, so secondly encryption, so you should be implementing data
encryption to the data both in transit and at rest using strong
protocols like TLS or SSL for communication between devices
and back end systems end to end.
Encryption is always a possibility as well as this you
just want regular software and firmware updates, so make sure
you provide regular software and firmware updates to patch known
vulnerabilities and improve security.
Always implement automatic updates when available.
Thirdly, and the last one here on this slide is sorry, fourthly
is access control, so you could implement RBAC or role based
access control assigning different levels of users
devices based on their roles practicing the least privileged
principle and.
This one applies specifically to like a a commercial setting.
You could conduct vendor assessments, so requesting
information on how vendors are.
Testing the security of the devices and software.
This might include like vulnerability assessments, pen
testing, code reviews, third party certifications, and also
vendor response to vulnerabilities.
So understanding how vendors respond to security
vulnerabilities and a responsible vendor should have a
process for promptly addressing and notifying customers about
vulnerabilities.
No, in there that is.
Next, I would like to provide some real world examples of
where IoT technology has experience failures.
So the first one would be the Mirai botnet in 2016.
This was responsible for one of the largest distributed denial
of service attacks in history, infecting thousands of poorly
secured IoT devices, including cameras and routers, and using
them to launch massive DDoS attacks against Internet
infrastructure.
This attack ended up disrupting Internet services for millions
of users.
The stocks network in 2010.
This one was not exclusively an IoT breach, but it targeted
industrial control systems, included those in IoT devices
such as programmable logic controllers or PLCS.
Uh next is a Jeep Cherokee.
In 2015, security researchers demonstrated how they could
remotely compromise a Jeep Cherokees IT connected system,
including the edges, engines, breaks through vulnerabilities
in the vehicles infotainment system, and this brief led to a
recall of 1.4 million vehicles.
You got a smart refrigerator.
See what was going on with that one?
Just just issues with the ID technology on that one hotel
room, door locks, security Reacher researchers discovered
vulnerabilities in IoT based hotel room key card systems.
They were able to exploit these vulnerabilities, gaining
unauthorized access to hotel rooms.
Baby monitor hacks.
This is something that I've heard about in my own studies as
well.
There's been several instances where attackers gained access to
baby monitors, allowing them to spy on it, even communicate with
infants.
These incidents raised serious privacy and concerns.
Smart camera, home breaches, medical device vulnerabilities
and most recently, ring doorbell privacy concerns.
I wanted to just briefly show some IT security standards that
are out there and today today's environment.
I went pretty good detail on my notes here to to go into them,
but I can see due to time constraints I'm just gonna have
to go over them pretty quickly.
So you can see them listed here on this slide.
As far as standards and regulations and compliance and
certification, so in order to hit all the content here under
15 minutes, I'm going to go ahead and move to the next
slide.
Next, I want to touch base on some future trends for
connecting to the IT.
So firstly, we have artificial intelligence and IT and IT
security.
So we we could be experiencing AI driven insights increasingly
leverage AI and machine learning to analyze data locally or in
the cloud, enabling real time insights and decision making and
automated IoT system, EMS as well as predictive maintenance
and natural language processing.
As far as I IT security as well, with that we can see enhanced
device security and automatic adoption of zero trust
architecture standards, security standards and regulations, which
I kind of touched on in the previous slide.
You saw the example of it and security analytics.
Secondly, we could be seeing more blockchain for IT, so IoT
device identity, data integrity, smart contracts and supply
management.
And lastly, on this slide is the more adaption of 5G network and
IT security.
So that would include low latency communications, network
slicing and massive IoT deployment.
5G could facilitate the deployment of massive IT
networks with a vast number of connected devices.
Is that would be a huge need for IT security solutions on IT for
that large scale deployment as well as well as private 5G
networks.
Enterprises could possibly deploy private 5G networks for
IoT applications requiring tailored security measures to
protect these dedicated networks.
And I would like to just briefly go over to educating users.
So educating users moving forward and IoT is crucial to
ensure that they understand the importance of security as well
as the privacy and know how to use IoT technology safely.
Here's a list of just some of the strategies for educating
users.
So we would see clear user manuals and documentation in app
tutorials, user-friendly security settings, regular
updates and reminders, privacy notices and consent.
Privacy modes installed on uh.
More devices and technology becoming a main feature using
strong passwords.
Multifactor authentication and regular device audits.
Umm.
And in conclusion, this is just a list of of everything that was
recovered on this presentation.
So the Internet of Things has revolutionized connectivity with
application spanning industries and residential environments.
However, it also poses security challenges to address these
robust practices like strong authentication, encryption
updates and vendor assessments are all incredibly vital.
Looking forward, AI the use of AI, blockchain and 5G will
define IT's future with AI enhancing IoT intelligence,
blockchain secures identities and data and 5G offers rapid
connectivity.
User awareness always remains critical, as in any aspect of
it, educating users about safe IoT practices is key to
unlocking the iots potential while mitigating risks.
And as IoT involves proactive security measures and
collaboration are essential for secure and prosperous future.
And that is it from my master class presentation.
Looks like my time is now just hitting 17 minutes, so I
apologize for going over by two, but I had a lot of content that
I wanted to cover and I had to skip around to meet the time
constraints.
So I just wanted to thank everybody for.
I'm listening to my presentation and I'm sorry I couldn't be here
to give it to you.
You guys in person, but I work pretty early in the morning, so
it's important to me to be able to get some sleep sometimes and
I just get C after a while.
So hope everybody has a great night.
Thank you very much to Marjorie, the Vice president of PGIP Tech,
and everybody who makes these meetings possible, and I wish
everybody luck.
Thank you and have a great night.
Thank you so much.
Excellent job.
Excellent, excellent job.
You did great.
That was that was just great.
And I'm I'm saying that because you know he's gonna be watching
this.
I just wanted him to know this.
Does an excellent job.
Perfect.
Exactly what I'd like to see, and such a great topic too.
And it was funny because at one point my I won't say her name.
Ellie started talking.
So you talk about IT and you talk about this stuff as it goes
on and sometimes it's just out of nowhere.
She's talking and like nobody said your name.
It's the same thing with the good word, you know, I mean.
These things go off and they start talking to you.
That was great. Perfect.
All right, so.
We've got Aaron.
How's it going?
Are you able to do this to do yours now?
So you're not muted on our side.
It's gotta be on your side.
Has it come an errand?
See.
Checked out rather test so I'm not sure what's the problem.
Last two weeks.
Great.
Thanks for coming, Jason.
Issue the last two weeks.
So have you unplugged it and plugged it back in?
You know how that goes.
Well, it might be that you did when you when you did, did you
restart your computer or did you just?
Get out of the meeting and come back in.
Did you may have to restart your computer for the whole driver
thing and everything to work?
We can go on to the next.
Presenter in the meantime.
Which I believe is Steven.
Yes, that is me.
I believe I'm ready to go.
All right.
And can you see my screen?
Yes.
Correct.
And here we go.
Welcome everyone.
My name is Steven McCarthy and welcome to my presentation on
The MGM and Caesars Cybersecurity breach, which by
everyone but MGM's account is still ongoing.
Our objectives tonight will be to go over the attackers and
victims timeline of events, the incident and its impact, as well
as remediation, how this could have been avoided and how it
could be avoided in the future, and then we'll wrap up and
questions and also through in a little real time update slide
with some stuff I found just this evening afternoon.
Umm, so there are two attackers and two victims.
Attacker one is the scattered spider group.
Their industry label is UNC 3944.
They have many aliases.
A couple are roasted octopus and storm 0875.
There are reported to have been active since May of 2022.
They are financially motivated groups and their tactics are
many, including telegram and SMS, phishing, SIM swapping,
MFA, fatigue, voice fishing, help desk and security operation
centers, as well as spear phishing and summer.
In summary, there are more of the intrusion based attackers.
They do Recon, exploitation, etcetera and that brings us to
attacker 2 which is alpha.
I believe that's how it's pronounced.
I'm assuming the V is a supposed to be a cute little upside down
a database.
Scally ran somewhere for hire.
So I sale, they provide ransomware as a service.
They reported to be active since November 21 and very active at
that.
There's reported to be responsible for 12% of
ransomware attacks in 2022, which seems significant to me.
Here is a little snippet of a.
I guess you say it's could say a written lashing.
They gave MGM during this while they.
Set the record straight and took response or claimed
responsibility for this attack, or at least partial
responsibility, they wrote the tactics, procedures and
indicators of compromise used by the people they blame for the
attacks are known to the public and are relatively easy for
anyone to imitate.
We will get into that there, but basically we are going to show a
some gross negligence on the part of MGM.
They also in this well post on a dark web Week site I claimed
that pinged MGM.
MGM engineers multiple times with no response.
They claim to have reached out in other ways, but never able to
receive a response.
And then they accused MGM network engineers of lacking and
understanding of how their own network functions.
And to me, this is possibly the reason why MGM is still lacking
functionality, while Caesars seem to never miss a beat.
Which brings us to our victims, victim #1A little less known
Caesars entertainment.
They have 51 resorts globally.
They have resorts in 10 states, Canada, and you buy stumble,
note our Caesars Palace, Paris, Las Vegas, Planet Hollywood,
Flamingo, Las Vegas.
And their revenue from June of 2022, June of 23 was $11.417
billion.
In case you're wondering, that equates to an average daily
revenue of $31.279 million.
So not peanuts.
Which brings us to victim #2.
They don't have as many resorts, just 31 globally.
Ohh, much more prominent ones though.
If you notice any on the list, MGM Grand, Mandalay, Bay, RO,
Bellagio, Luxor and include The MGM Borgata in Atlantic City
because I want to remind myself that even though this was
affecting mostly The MGM in Las Vegas, the Atlantic City
location was reported on Monday September 10th to uh have its
concino floor completely empty, although apparently they did
still have guests in rooms.
They're they're trailing 12 month revenue is $14.82 billion,
which is average daily revenue of $40.6 million.
Now I bring this up because where I get to into in impact in
a minute and I think paying the ransom would have just been a
really smart way to go.
So where we go over a quick timeline of events and I want
everybody to keep in mind that this is a very current event.
So it's a little convoluted and complicated.
All information has not been published yet, as you will see
further in my presentation and there seems to be a lot of
conflicting information.
As you know, she seems to be the part for the course these days.
Anyway, so I'm basic timeline of events is on Thursday, September
7th October, which is a third party help desk vendor used by
both Caesars and MGM or Caesars Entertainment and MGM Resorts is
a victim of a vishing attack where attack where the attacker
attackers obtain login information from the vendor.
There reported to have done this by getting employee information
off LinkedIn profiles or MGM and Caesars, and convincing Octa to
send them password resets.
I would assume they spent the weekend going, rooting through
the the victims networks and on Sunday carry out ransomware
attacks against MGM and Caesars.
I would also assume that this Sunday night is about the time
that Caesar's pays the scattered spider group $15 million ransom.
Because come Monday morning, Caesars is fully operational and
MGM is in shambles.
And by many accounts is still recovering.
So let's get into the incident and it's impact.
We'll go over Caesar's Entertainment first because it
is much simpler.
They reported that 6 terabytes of data was stolen from their
loyalty program database and they paid a $15 million ransom
to one get access back to their systems and networks and to get
a promise from the hackers to not make the stolen data public
or uh, sell it on the dark web.
I'm gonna read to you a little excerpt from their SEC 8K
filing, which is a for reporting a breach.
As a result of our investigation, on September 7th,
2023, we determined that the unauthorized actor acquired a
copy of, among other data, data, our loyalty program database,
which includes drivers license numbers and or Social Security
numbers for six significant number of members in the
database.
We are still investigating the extent of any additional
personal or otherwise sensitive information contained in the
files acquired by the unauthorized actor.
We have no evidence to date that any member of passwords pins.
I think account information or payment card information were
acquired by the unauthorized actor.
We have taken steps to ensure that the stolen data is deleted
by the unauthorized actor.
Although we cannot guarantee this result, we are monitoring
the web and have not seen any evidence that data has further
shared been further shared, published or otherwise misused.
They also acknowledge they're doing this standard issue 2
years of credit monitoring and identity theft protection, as
well as a website and number you can.
Uh.
Used to contact and find out if your information was
compromised.
So that seems to be the extent of the Caesars side of the
incident as far as we can tell for now that it's surely going
to cost them a lot of money.
But they seem to have handled it pretty well, considering they
were in filtrated.
So let's get to MGM Resorts.
So as we know, there was the vision attack against the third
party help desk vendor Octa.
They then use these credentials to access access the system and
they compromise over 100 of their ESXI Linux servers and at
that point MGM Resorts decided to unplug their entire network,
which you might wonder why they decide to do that and you will
come to see that when you don't set segment your network, you
have to pull the plug on the whole thing and there is lots
are disastrous.
OK so here is some of the impact The MGM resorts.
The websites of all 31 of their properties, or offline guests
are locked out of hotel room.
Slot machines are out of service.
Hotel phones aren't working.
They have analog hotel check in and check out which is leading
to hours long as waits.
Cashiers in ATMs are unable to spend cash, which is obviously
vital for casino operation, and this is funny.
At one point, guest room could be real, helping with any room
key.
So apparently, since they were using electronic room keys as
part of the loyalty Rewards app, and that was down and they had a
disaster and decided it was a good idea to give some people
master keys.
So they could get into their rooms and these people find out
they could get another rooms and the Domino's just keep falling.
So how did this compromise happen?
It's all about the ESXI server so.
Basically they got access to the network and then they through
lateral movements somehow were able to access device and
credentials to query the vcenter for server names.
The vcenter is a virtual.
Dinner to manage the servers and then you also have the SX I
management interfaces.
Which are supposed to be used for troubleshooting.
Apparently they got SSH credentials for those as well.
They then used so they're on port 22 over SSH.
They use secure copy to transfer their ransomware files.
They formatted them into a binary Linux readable form 1st
and then they log in with SSH on the SSI management interface and
execute their ransomware files as well as stealing whatever
data they can find.
So the details of that have not come out yet, but that's what
I've come up with so far and the the problem with all that is is
remediation or stopping this from happening should have been
fairly easy.
So they didn't segment their network.
As I mentioned earlier, they should have isolated their Sir
uh.
It was there, yes, excise servers and server management
interface by creating a subnet.
They should only allow access to this interface from the subnet.
Shouldn't be able to access from the regular network subnet.
That's terrible.
Yeah.
Also, should only have SSH console access by administrators
and probably only on a couple of pre approved hardware devices.
I I can't imagine that that needs to be done from anywhere
at any time.
Umm, not to mention the interface is only for
troubleshooting, so it doesn't need to be turned on at all
times.
It could easily be turned off and turned on when
troubleshooting is needed.
And.
Umm ohh.
It also would appear that they are not monitoring access
attempts to this management interface, because otherwise it
seems unlikely that they would have been able to a compromise
over 100 of them before MGM was able to stop them.
And obviously you would think that they would be using a multi
factor authentication for such resources.
Stop.
Why is this important?
Here's we have gross like negligence on the part of MGM,
which I'm sure will continue to come out as we move forward, but
they obviously lacked standard and simple security practices.
They didn't respond to the hackers.
I I would have strongly recommended that they just pay
their answer when you're doing $40 million a day in revenue.
Just give them $15 million and deal with the rest later.
But they didn't.
I also just checked around 8:30 tonight, then gems SEC 8K filing
and it is virtually empty, especially compared to Caesars.
They have like 2 sentences in there and it's.
It's nothing, and MGM is also reporting, as of yesterday, they
are back to normal fully operational, but employees and
patrons stay otherwise.
And the result of this has to be a massive loss of revenue.
So a little real time update with this things I just threw
together about 30 minutes ago.
As I said, they claim operations are back to normal, but there's
plenty of evidence to the contrary there.
Electronic room keys and rewards app still doesn't work.
Cashier's care can't perform all usual services, and employees
are reporting that all of their information is stolen, sold all
their 401K, their bank info, their Social Security numbers,
their families if they have them on their insurance, etcetera.
And there is also no comment from MGM at this time on whether
or not they paid ransom.
So this is I see a disaster that seems like it could have been
very easily avoided, and I hope the full truth comes out as time
goes on.
There are my references and are there any questions?
So there's one question in the chat after breach.
How likely is it in organization would be apt to let go of their
IT employees.
Umm, Dad is a good question.
I I would assume if this negligence is is as it appears
to be, that they would have to get rid of all the security
engineers involved with this situation.
We also have the problem that alright, the entry into this was
was because of a third party vendor, so that is another
problem that needs to be addressed in and of itself.
Umm, but but at the same time I'm not sure how you can fire
Yeah, because it starts with them.
employees in the middle of a disaster such as this because
that requires you know interviewing, hiring, onboarding
and training new employees.
While you're trying to, you know, mitigate the damages.
Definitely won't get bonuses at Christmas.
Yeah, that that is certain.
Wow, that's that's rough.
I mean, that's really that's crazy.
I mean, they did say that they contacted MGM engineering and
nobody.
Contacted them back, nobody replied so.
Yes.
And and I was.
I was.
I wanted to go and read the entire post that they post it,
but it is on the dark web and I was a little hesitant to, you
know, just go cruising and make myself make myself vulnerable
Yeah.
like that.
Yeah.
But they they said that they I I read some things.
So they were on a dark web chat and there was someone from MGM
there lurking.
Cause they were talking about all of this.
It might have been on the same blog.
And they were like, proving to him this person, like, hey, we
have all of this information of you guys, we have your
executives username and passwords like reach out to us,
we want to negotiate and the person and the user never set
anything.
Never respond, never replied.
Just lurked there, so ohm I there's a lot of clash.
Right.
I have I after June dish hours of research.
I have more questions than answers to be completely honest.
Yeah, I'm sure they do too.
And.
You know, how could this happen?
But you know, the smarter the smarter option was to go ahead
and pay the ransom, you get everything back, and then you
get somebody specializes in this stuff and locks you down.
So it doesn't happen again and obviously this is something
Umm.
that's gonna happen more and more as we saw it's happened
with gas, it's happened with water and that's just within
within citywide you know, so yeah, it's going to happen in
the more and more companies that are not only nationwide but
globally like that if they are not locked down like they should
be it's you know they have a lot of money, it's going to happen
again so.
Yeah.
And and.
The head.
Yeah, you have to.
You have to pay the price because MGM in Caesars were in
the same situation.
Caesar's paid $15 million.
They resume normal operations that the very next day and
continue to make their $30 million a day and.
Yeah, which is nothing for them for a whole year.
That's nothing.
They can write it off at the end of the year anyways.
Mm-hmm.
Umm.
And so MGM is in the same boat.
They're gonna have to pay for all these things are to get
Yep.
their network locked down.
They're gonna have to reimburse customers and stuff.
Pay for their identity protection and all that.
Uh, yeah.
But they also lost probably 2 weeks of revenue.
Yes, and customers, the clientele, they're not gonna go
Umm.
there anymore.
They're gonna take all their information out of whatever
online and everything they want their money back.
And yeah, they're not going back.
They'll go to Caesars next time.
Yeah, right.
They won't go to MGM.
Makes me double think that too.
Well, that was great.
Right.
That was awesome.
Very good.
Excellent.
Thank you.
All right, Aaron, how you doing?
We've got others.
I mean, we can just keep moving you on if if you can't get in
there.
Did Reese restarting your computer and everything did that
work?
Did not work.
Well, there's, there's no worries.
What you can do?
I mean, you're gonna need a mic to do it, but you can narrate it
and then send it to me.
And that way I'll be done.
And then I can go ahead and present it at another time.
If you want to do that.
Because of course I don't want you losing the credit.
You not to lose the credit if you get it to me, but you will
have to narrate it so you'll have to figure out your mic and
it could be just, you know.
Something with teams.
So Mike might it probably will work, but not in teams.
I don't know how that's going, so if you want to do that.
I think so, too, Steven.
Yeah, it is definitely gonna be one of those biggest disasters,
absolutely.
Maybe not as big as Equifax, so unless unless The MGM execs sold
Ah.
all their stocks on over the weekend.
That's true.
Exactly.
Yeah.
Teams or windows?
It could be alright, not a problem.
We will go on.
In the meantime, I find my list alright.
Who's after Josh?
Are you ready?
I think so.
Can you guys hear me?
I can.
Alright.
See.
Alright.
Uh, so hi everybody.
I will be doing my presentation on human embedded technology.
So, uh, So what is human embedded technology?
Human embedded technology essentially is a type of tech
that is embedded surgically.
Well, it's embedded or surgically attached to the human
body.
Humans have been worrying technology for a while now, and
with the rise of smartwatches, rings, classes, etcetera.
It I I guess the only logical step forward would be to attach
technology to the human body.
So, uh, human embedded technology, or biohacking, as
others may refer to it as again, it's the next step forward and
the purpose of it is to enhance performance, productivity or
health.
So and that would be the definition there.
So you know, just like the other types of technology, these
devices need to be connected to Internet.
So to get into that, are we have the Internet of bodies, so
Internet of bodies is a ecosystem technology a very,
very similar to the Internet of Things but contains devices used
to monitor the human body and collect biometric data.
So Internet body, Internet of bodies contains technology that
a lot of us are familiar with, such as, uh, work will. Health
trackers.
Yeah.
Yeah, you know, smart devices and things like that, but also
contains technology that is typically only seen in like
science fiction.
So, uh, some of these include the brain interfaces or brain
computer interfaces and body implanted sensors.
So to get into that a little bit more, a brain computer interface
is a type of technology that connects to the brain directly
with electrodes.
Uh, so this type of technology, I guess has the potential to to
write entire or type entire words directly from the brain
and even has the ability to control prosthetics.
Uh, we have also body implanted sensors.
So these are tissue integrated sensors.
Yeah, used to provide precision, bio, bio tracking capabilities
and even the ability to remote remotely control other devices.
Uh.
So if I have the feature of human embedded technology, so
human embedded technology to many is the work of science
fiction.
But it's becoming a reality, you know, day by day.
Uh, in fact, human embedded technology has been around for a
few years now and can even be traced back to 1998, when the
first human implanted microchip was installed.
Uh, one of the most controversial and easiest
implementations of human embedded technology is the hand
embedded payment chip.
So this has been coming up a lot in the news lately.
You know, you'll see people be able to control or be able to
pay for things with essentially just a swipe of their hand, and
that's, you know, with a with a microchip, kind of a inserted
into the palm of the hand.
Uh, so?
So like I said, this type of chip allows for users to pay for
items with only using their hands, and there's also many
other great examples of human embedded technology which also
helps people either completely or just helps them overcome
their disabilities.
So the benefits of human embedded technology, main
purpose and the main purpose and benefit of human bits
acknowledge is to improve the performance of the human body
and provide more convenience to the users.
Uh, these implants can provide the user with the ability to pay
using their hands and even open doors.
Uh technology can even help users with certain disabilities
or health conditions to be able to do day to day tasks more
easily a they're already being used.
Like I said previously, to monitor certain ailments and
yeah, monitor functions of of the body.
So the negatives of human embedded technology.
Uh, you know Kim embedded technology has a lot of
potential and and many advancements have come in in, in
in the recent years.
But the technology is complete, hasn't completely normalized
today and isn't completely accessible to everybody.
Because of this, there are some major security and ethical
concerns.
Technology is fairly new and still needs some some time to
develop.
So we have the impact this cybersecurity of.
So this this technology has been around for a few years, but it's
technically still in its early stages.
It it that doesn't necessarily mean that it has any effect or
it has no effect to our security.
There isn't massive potential for this type of technology, but
the potential can be negative as much as it is positive.
So I have the good and bad, you know, impacts suicider security.
Uh, so positive impacts we have, it can be used to open security
doors and you know some of them can be even hold small bits of
information or data of this can be used to more securely
implement physical access controls and you know obviously
store important bits of information with trusted users.
This makes it more difficult for the information or or key access
to be lost or stolen.
Uh bad side uh for security would be like I previously
stated.
It's not really proven to be secure or efficient enough,
especially with a sample like a semi permanent installation of
the devices.
This type of technology still has some maturing to do and it
will most likely take you a long time before it is viable.
It's a viable option for most people.
So uh, this brings me to what do we know?
I guess kind of one of the main vulnerabilities that we do know
of is one that we're, you know, very familiar with in
cybersecurity now, and that would be NFC.
So a lot of these devices use near field communication and
obviously that comes with their own vulnerabilities.
So NFC again as a type of a wireless communication
technology is very commonly used in payment methods such as
credit cards and phones.
Three of the main vulnerabilities that I found
with energy devices are eavesdropping.
Which is, uh, you know, one of the biggest attacks that can be
done to this type of technology and unfortunately it's not very
secure against it.
This would require an attacker to be close enough to one of the
NFC devices to be able to intercept the connection.
NFC devices typically work by having a an active and a passive
device.
Depending on whether the device sending the information is an
active or passive mode would determine the distance and ease.
The attacker would have to intercept the data in active
device has a you know the data can be intercepted from a
distance of 10 meters away, while a passive passive mode
device will require a distance of 1 meter away.
So next one would be a data tempering.
So this occurs when an attacker is able to gain access to an NFC
device and reprogram it to send data back to the attacker.
A relay attack.
Uh, so finally I relay attack would be a an attack that occurs
when a a threat actor is physically near the commute.
Communicating devices to pick up and transfer the data to another
device.
So this is a very similar to eavesdropping.
The only the main difference would be sending that
information to another, like a like 1/3 device essentially.
So how do we mitigate these risks of one of the best ways to
ensure that data is not easily intercepted by?
Is by making the sending device work in passive mode.
This would effectively mitigate the risk of someone being able
to eavesdrop on the communications.
Not only this, but the NFC device should also be able to
check radio frequencies while transmitting information and
stop the transmission of data in the event of an attack.
Uh.
Fortunately, data tampering and relay attacks can only be
performed under special circumstances.
Relay attack can only be performed if the if one of the
devices supports card emulation and you know data tampering.
Like I said, it's very similar to eavesdropping, so the best
way to mitigate that would be to ensure that the data is also in
or the device that's sending information would also be in
passive mode.
So in conclusion, human embedded technology still has a long way
to go before it can be adopted by most people, but I predict
that this type of technology is the way of the future, and it
will require stronger implementation of security like
all other forms of technology.
You know that's connected to the Internet.
It's it's important that we take the necessary steps to ensure
that this technology is viable and secure for everybody and
then I have my references here.
Has anybody have any questions?
I'm talking without my mic.
Excellent job.
Great, good topic.
Thank you.
Wow, just a lot to think about.
I've always thought about that.
I'm thinking you know, I thought the chip in hand would be the
card that we use constantly, but have heard about the chip in
hand.
Yeah, I mean I, I've I've definitely been seeing it more
and more like on the news lately.
It's uh.
I actually saw there's a group of people out there who kind of
do this stuff in their own home, so they have like some, like,
weird like a in house surgery.
Yeah, I guess kind of surgery procedure like the like some
people will implant magnets, RFID tags and things like that
into their body.
Ohh it's it's.
Why?
It's definitely a community.
That's very small at the moment, but it's it's starting to grow
in a, you know, some element elements of the are being picked
up by the mainstream right now.
No.
Nope, that's all I got to say. Nope.
Oh my gosh, it's getting crazier out there.
Absolutely.
Well, that was great.
That was a very good one.
Alright.
Gary, Are you ready?
Atul left Gary and then Jose, who did just leave us.
But Marjorie, can you hear me?
Yes.
Had to give my safari hat for my presentation.
I am as ready as I'm ever gonna be.
OK.
Did you need me to share the presentation that you're sharing
it?
I think I think I should be able to share it here.
Alright.
OK.
Let me see if that.
Can you guys see the?
Terminator bot.
Yep, yes.
Excellent.
And show mode here.
OK, I think I can just do it that way.
Alright, I thought.
I tell you guys actually see the other slides.
Alright guys.
Good evening.
My name is Gary as Jones and I am presenting is actually a
multifaceted presentation here, kind of on several businesses
that Elon Musk is working on.
Mainly it has to do with the neural link project.
Umm and SpaceX?
And the testicle bot.
In the words of the character cipher in the film matrix as he
was talking to NEO.
Buckle your seat belt.
Dorothy, Kansas is about to go.
Bye bye.
Now, what does the 1980s Elon Musk brain implants?
Androids Mars have in common.
Good question.
The future of humanity.
Uh, so I'm gonna start by.
A heading on some a fiction from some would say the greatest
decade in recent history, the 1980s.
Neuromancer consider one of the most classic sci-fi fiction
novels.
Introduce the concept of uh, cyborgs implants in a futuristic
society.
This was released in 1984, a great Classic films in American
culture.
Umm, I've highlight two of them here.
Blade Runner and Terminator one had to do with.
A advanced AI and he assassin.
Basically, assassin Cyborg that time traveled on mission to kill
a future human leaders.
Blade Runner had to do with.
Uh, cybernetics androids that were revolting against their
human masters.
Uh.
Kind of a timer thing.
Between those movies there.
And that's the fiction, and you will see how the reality I will
collide.
OK, Neuralink, it's a company started by Elon Musk in 2016
with seven of the founders.
And it is supposed to be.
The answer to the AI, as in his words, possibly I apocalypse.
As somebody keep facts of the neuralink how companies.
It is a perfect privately held company, so no stockholders.
It works on implantable brain computer interfaces and is based
in Fremont, CA and currently holds 35 pence, uh globally in
the field of implantable technologies.
Uh.
The Neuralink implant are also known as the link.
Is that the size of A5 stack quarters and is place inside of
the brain or on the brain with a a specialized machine that Tesla
has developed and that Tesla but never link has developed for
implementation?
Umm, how does Neuralink work?
The first step of the procedure involves the surge in making a
small incision in the scalp, a next a small hole is drilled
into the skull through which the robot which I do have in a later
slide.
You guys will see it inserts intros electrodes into the
brain.
These are the size of the thickest of a human here and at
this point it's about 1000.
Uh, different threads.
Have placed at different points in the brain to pick up.
Uh.
The A neuron signal network.
The robot is controlled.
By a trained professional or surgeon.
He who uses high resolution imaging to guide the robot
ensures that the electrodes are inserted at the right dev and
location within the brain.
Once the electrodes have been inserted, they are connected to
a small device located behind the ear.
This device is responsible for transmitting signals between the
electrodes and and elect external device, such as a
computer or smartphone.
This is the Neuralink surgical robot.
The nearly crobot is designed to minimize the risk of damage to
surrounding tissue during the implantation process.
The robot utilizes advanced imaging technology.
Excuse me to create a 3D map of the brain allowing the surgeon
to accurately place the electrodes without damaging any
critical parts of the brain.
Additionally, the robot is able to adjust its position in real
time, ensuring that electrodes are inserted at the right depth
and angle.
This is important, obviously, because the brain is the complex
organ and different areas of brain require different levels
of stimulation.
By actually placing the electrodes, the Neuralink device
is able to provide precise stimulation to design areas of
the brain.
There is no current human testing of the of the an Airlink
device, but it is actually.
Been for a couple of years, been tested on animals such as
chimpanzees and pigs, and I have a picture of one of the star
peaks of the expert experiment currently.
Meek bertrude.
This is one of the Three Little Pigs of the narrow length
project.
Umm, I didn't know I could actually play.
I guess a little bit of the video, but in this experiment in
the demonstration they actually show accurate readings of the
implant and a neuralink being able to playback.
A basically a command and take control of the the animal's legs
at different points so you know it's pretty amazing.
Right now, down to the brass tacks here.
Some of the potential downsides of this technology that has been
identified so far is possible brain injury or infection.
Physical effects such as bleeding headaches or nausea or
seizures, a psychological side effects like new changes of
there can be allergic reactions, implants and materials because
they are foreign foreign materials to the body.
Uh.
Of implant threads and wires to other parts of the brain.
Which could cause unknown unknown effects.
And of course, as we're cyber security, cyber security is an
issue because hacking and privacy vulnerabilities may
becomes something that needs to be considered when people can
read your brain waves and and and interface with them.
Other unknown long term effects of the use has not been
discovered because no one's been walking around with it so far.
Now I am a glass half full type of guy who's going to be
potential rewards.
I think rewards, uh, neural links, life changing potential
could lead to treatment of mental diseases like
Parkinson's, epilepsy, epilepsy and others.
Where is can control prosthetics and even regain lost motor
function.
This has been actually demonstrated in a in some in
some experiments you could see it on on online uh.
Later neurological models will be able to help with hormone
regulation and mood issues like anxiety and depression.
They're saying pretty much good soft being being in a bad mood,
which is pretty amazing.
Lastly, an airline can lead to the merging of the human mind
and the vast capabilities of cloud computing.
So supercharging the mind.
Now for the 2nd chapter at this translation, how does neurolink
and the Tesla Bot come together and we'll get into that.
But first I will.
Introduce you to Tesla bot.
Also known as Project Optimists.
Uh, as introduced as a concept in 2021.
Uh protect was actually revealed in 2022.
Last year, at the AI event at Tesla, the Tesla Bot is planned
to to be a humanoid Android that stands about 5/8 and weighing
anywhere between 125 pounds to 165 pounds, depending on the
model.
It's supposed to be powered by 2.3, a kWh battery pack, and by
the Tesler engineer calculations.
This should be.
This should cover a full days.
Workload uh for the Tesla Bot doing most human like jobs.
And if you're super technical guy like I am, I do like
numbers.
They say averages out to about 100 watts while sitting and 500
watts while walking or performing work at the Tesla Bot
also has currently Wi-Fi and LTE connectivity.
And the AI is a.
A modified version of the system that that Tesla puts in their
cars.
So it's using advanced, uh.
Algorithms here algorithms.
Now to the third project that almost is working on.
SpaceX and the Starship.
SpaceX, which is another company that Elon Musk is who also
working on it's currently developing its next generation
of reusable rockets, dubbed the Starship, be reasonable.
Sorry, change the slide.
Apologize.
The reusable rocket is designed to carry 150 tons of material,
are 100 people into orbit, and has the capability of refueling
in space.
Uh.
The Starship uses a powerful Raptor vacuum engine, which is
specifically designed to operate in vacuum space and uses a fuels
that can be found off world.
I eat marks.
Our first flight is, uh.
To be ready as soon as 2026.
Now this is this is where I would bring it all together.
OK, Moore City, so a lot more people aren't.
Haven't heard of this?
Uh must has that a grand grand goal of creating a self
sustaining city on Mars of 1,000,000 people by 2050?
Umm.
He is, by his calculation, stating if we're able to get the
space, the Starship up and running on schedule.
And.
Synchronizing with the closest points of Earth and Mars in 10
overall synchronizations, which is about little over two years.
Uh, they could move 1,000,000 people and the support material.
Uh to get us to the up and running by 2050.
Uh, which is about 22 years.
Umm.
When asked.
Why?
Because it seems like I'm some obsessive project for him.
Why would you want to basically spend so much resources and?
Basically, do the impossible.
Elon Musk says we're doing this.
I think it's an in 2022, uh Starship progress update.
I think this is an incredible thing for the future of life
itself.
There is always a chance that something could go wrong on
Earth, and as an example, dinosaurs are no longer here.
So I highlighted kind of three, his major projects to kind of
umm to state that there is like a a intertwining uh I guess line
of continuity there.
You know, I must think that it's in our best interests as a
civilization to get off world as soon as possible.
Get humans into orbit into space and on different planetary
bodies.
You know so that we can start working on the problems that we
have such such such as scarcity and, uh, possibly.
If there's any planetary, uh catastrophes, they'll just be.
Humans on other worlds.
So I believe that the neural link is being designed.
Currently, first stages of course to be able to help people
with a is issues.
As far as I'm walking again, seeing again things like that, I
believe that uh, as it gets more advanced, we work at kings is
more provable course from the FDA.
Uh, we will see that the technology can be used to have
the Tesla bot and the Neuralink synchronize where humans on
Earth could possibly control avatars, which we've seen in
movies.
Uh to have these that workers now we have to buy, that can
work in uh, atmospheres that humans couldn't work in.
Build up a colony or do off world mining, and basically when
their shifts are over they were just log out as we do in these
VR simulations that we have.
And I believe that the.
Tesla bot with the capabilities of the SpaceX program.
He's basically working all the different factors as far as
logistics production.
And also to add mention this earlier he also has the the
capabilities with the network but he has a satellite network
that he built up.
But to be able to broadcast the signal out to other worlds, so
between these companies that he's been working on, which
seems kind of like, umm, almost the ravings of a madman, almost
like Howard Hughes in the old days, I think there's something
great that he's working on.
So I'm excited for the future.
I hope you guys like the presentation and thank you for
listening.
Great job stuff for us to think about, right? Hmm.
Ohh.
Lots to worry about with AI starting up.
Oh.
I don't know if there's any questions, sorry.
Should I asked apologize.
I don't see any in the chat.
Does anybody have any questions?
All right.
Well, you did a great job.
That was excellent.
You guys are so good at this.
Thank you.
Let me tell you.
Thank you guys.
When you pull this one up.
And.
Yeah, Jose's got a good one too.
You.
Oops, I did it again on no.
Take it back.
Alright, here we go.
Ohm.
Yes, it was hoping there was narration to this.
I don't see any.
Oops.
This is a little bit we are starting from a bit bigger size
and as an example OK so this is a swallowable capsule.
Let me try that again.
This is a little bit we are starting from a bigger size as
an example.
OK, so this is a swallowable capsule robot which has a camera
on board wireless communication and it has a camera using.
Yes, there's a very tiny camera, the blackboard.
So this you where is the camera?
It's at the end here.
OK.
And then there are small magnets inside.
As we mentioned, to manipulate anything you need some physical
force.
In this case, this capsule has magnets inside and another
external magnet can exert force on this capsule and inside your
body.
This can be navigated so it can roll inside your stomach.
It can be stopped.
It can go back more than and forward as a robot.
Well, how would you put it in you?
So you swallow it.
So it's a pill.
Swallow it.
So yeah, this is completely wireless robot as you see in the
video.
Also, it's made out of a soft material so that it can deform
and it's very safe to use as you mentioned, safety is our first
rule about the design and by rolling inside your stomach
tissue surface the doctor can stop it and then by controlling
the external force you can indeed eject that drug.
Here you see this blue thing?
Wow, it's still.
It made a little pee or something.
Exactly and can't do this many times, and it can actively image
your body so that you can see where you want exactly.
Do it again.
Let's see what's it again.
Where's of all?
Who is running?
It looks like it's it's got a will like.
Is there some?
Is it being driven by something you see that there's an external
magnet that the doctor has full control of and, and indeed it's
moving outside like you you use a magnet out of your body and
it's moving the robot inside your body.
So there's a doctor outside of you with a magnet, and then
there's still thing wobbling, and so the doctor is moving it.
Exactly.
That's why it's safe so that you don't have any decision doctors
easing up that blue juice.
Yeah.
So Doctor says that that area has a disease so that he or she
decides to inject the drug at that point and also the same
robot can do biopsy, so can cut some.
Whoa, wait a second.
It's a three in one.
It can take pictures.
It can leak or whatever that is poor.
And it can cut yes.
With what?
What is it cutting with so the the biopsy is a common procedure
in the GI tract that you want a small piece of your tissue to
decide if there is a disease or not.
Because sometime camera images are not sufficient or wouldn't
tell you the the level of the disease.
So Doctor needs to take a piece of your tissue and do analysis
afterwards so that we need to pick up this capsule later and
do some analysis, which is a bit dirty.
Wait a second.
This is like I have a knife in its pocket or like where?
Where is the cutting thing?
It's inside the middle, so it's very safe and located, so it
doesn't cause any damage.
But as as in the drug releasing case, when a doctor controls the
force and presses listing on purpose, the knife comes out and
gets us, gets a small.
It's like a switchblade.
So yes, exactly.
Yeah.
And so you can then take a little bit of something and then
bring it to the doctor.
Exactly how do you?
I'm assuming that you bring it to the doctor in the old
fashioned way.
In in the biopsy case, yes, you need to pick it up.
Coming out of natural ways, but other other cases we don't pick
up the intern does that or who?
Who?
That's the course of high technology I see.
OK, wow.
That was intense.
I was expecting for the rest to be narrated, but my goodness,
that was uh.
It means your job description right?
Exactly.
And it probably would be the intern to take out what needs to
be found.
So it's always the interns, right?
Alright, well, that was kind of incredible.
Wow.
Umm, it kind of fit right into everything that we were talking
about tonight.
So that works out pretty good.
So I think go ahead.
Well, that was.
Sorry, I was just gonna say I was kind of gross.
It was but interesting, very interesting.
I was like.
That's for sure, yes.
Yeah.
Don't want anything inside me?
You know what that now?
No, I mean but same thing with the thing that goes in your
skull and your your brain.
Yeah, in your hand and all that.
Yeah, exactly.
I don't wanna be controlled by those things.
You're not.
Yeah, right, exactly.
I'm going to be the one in control.
No snipping on me.
Sorry, old school here.
My body works just fine. Thanks.
Yeah, me too.
It's like leave me alone.
Let me do my own thing. No.
Right.
Ohh.
Well, thanks everybody for staying this long.
I appreciate it.
The other ones are probably going to be just as long, but
Yeah, take a nap.
let's see.
Anthony, you have a question?
Ohh yeah, can you hear me?
OK, OK.
Yeah.
Umm, this is kind of an off topic question, but it relates
to the orientation to invite that I got earlier.
I'm in week five.
I didn't have to attend orientation to a second time,
did I?
No.
OK.
Thank you.
I appreciate it.
You welcome.
It's automatically sent.
Yeah.
It's just because there was everybody still in orientation.
You're like name is listed on there.
Sometimes it grabs people from other orientations, I mean it.
It grabs people from the list and it will put it in there just
on its own.
It's like it puts it in the optional names.
Usually I can catch them all, but this time I didn't.
Yeah.
Yeah, you're probably everybody.
It's funny because I'll go in there and I'll have to.
Uh, take them out.
But I didn't catch it this time we do.
Uh, we still have interns trickling in, so keep your eyes
out for department editions.
But I wanna thank you for everybody holding out this long.
This was a long one couple hours.
But you know what?
It was so interesting.
I got a lot done in the meantime as well, but man, these are
these are good.
Everybody you're doing such a great job on these on these
presentations.
I'm telling you, just keep getting better and better so.
Umm, big congratulations to getting those done and I look
forward to next week already.
Yeah, right time.
Thanks everybody.
Have a great night and a great weekend.
Talk you to all you guys soon.
And night.
Have fun.
Well, not too much fun.