How's everyone doing this evening?
Pretty good.
How are you doing?
Not so bad.
Ready to get this knocked out?
All right.
Welcome everybody to this Thursday's master class.
It is December 7th, 2023 and we have a lot of great
presentations for you.
Sounds like that scripted.
It is not, but thank you.
Do you work in customer service, Stephanie, or did you?
I used to work in customer service and I actually used to
work at Raley's and I hurt my wrist one one day and I had to
stay on self check for about two months.
So all I heard was please place item in bagging area.
Yeah.
Unexpected item in bagging area.
Remove this item before continuing.
You got that down Pat.
Yeah.
And well, and somehow it broke me and now I'm stuck with that
customer service voice.
Now you could.
Uh, you could stand in and do AI voice.
It's been suggested.
I mean, I have been dabbling with creating some AI stuff.
I might have to keep you in mind.
For when I when I actually need a voice sample.
They've they've had me record a couple of training videos that
my job too, so if you need it you can let me know.
Alright.
Yeah, that's this whole AI stuff is getting really fun.
Yeah.
Alright, so do we have Dietrich Edwards here tonight?
I'm not seeing Dietrich.
Nope.
All right.
We will come back, that means.
Quentin.
Quentin, you are up.
Ohh I'd Dietrich have to skip out and make me go first.
Ah.
All right.
And Quentin is presenting on augmented and virtual reality
and healthcare.
Alright, let me get my screen share.
Can everybody hear me all right.
Yes.
Yep.
Loud and clear.
OK.
Yeah.
And just as a reminder for everybody presenting today, if
you do have videos, make sure when you share your screen that
you share your screen with include computer sound selected.
You know, I'm really glad you said that because I'm pretty
sure I forgot to tick that box.
Hold on.
So do you have one?
There we go.
Alright.
Can everybody see that alright?
Yes.
Alright, so like you said, let me talk a little bit about
augmented and virtual reality and healthcare.
As just a little history that I thought was pretty interesting.
So the originally the idea for augmented reality actually came
out all the way back in the 1960s.
1968, to be precise, by a guy named Ivan Sutherland that
invented what he called the sort of Damocles.
This was just a head mounted pair of 3D glasses or a pair of
glasses that allowed him to display 3D images.
The US Air Force is actually the one that coined the term
augmented reality in 1990, and they use these head mounted
displays to project uh cable positions onto these big sheets
of plywood.
And then that's how they would build those to go into bigger
machines.
Originally they would have to have multiple different.
Sheets of plywood that had the kind of diagrams of where the
cables were supposed to go, and so they'd have to have a unique
one for every piece of machinery that they're working on.
Umm.
So with the the AR they were able to just project whichever
machine they're working on onto 1 sheet and then they could go
from there and then in 1992 they created the first Training
system with AR and they used that to help pilots train, you
know, with a safer flying practices.
If we Fast forward all the way to 2016 and I don't know if any
of you have heard of Pokemon GO, but that was one of the bigger
games that came out on mobile, at least that used AR as one of
its features and it's generally considered that it put a R kind
of on the mainstream map.
So a big area that AR is being used in is surgery.
The first surgery that used AR was performed in 2020 on a 78
year old patient that had degenerative spine disease and
they had this FDA approved AR headset which they were which
they would use to display patients information such as the
scans that they had done and where the intended placement of
the implants that they're going to be placing.
So it allowed them just much more accuracy.
Umm, because it was all right there in front of them, so they
just place it exactly where.
The projection would show so since then, uh error has been
used in hundreds of surgeries now.
So George Washington University actually started using VR to
He.
explore patients, brains and bodies prior to surgery just to
make sure that they weren't caught off guard by anything
that they might find during the procedure.
And they also improved situational awareness and
overall efficiency is have a short little video I'd like to
play for you guys.
As we've seen in our previous video, artificial intelligence
has matured into a fundamental Technology.
Used in a variety of fields such as robotics, computer vision,
and natural language processing.
Hi I am an artificial intelligence robot.
The combination of AI with augmented reality and mixed
reality can provide an extensive application in biotechnology.
Furthermore, it will enable an interaction of the digital with
the physical environment in a multidimensional way that will
help prevent, manage and cure billions of people.
Startup Insights has analysed the geographic distribution of
global activity in AR in healthcare and identified 25
regional hubs that observe increased activity in developing
AR solutions in healthcare.
Powerful tools are being developed with potential to
redefine disease detection, diagnosis and treatment.
Detecting cancer through image recognition can help doctors in
their patients diagnosis with real time screening and
analysis.
There are just as accurate as those performed by trained
professionals.
For example, an air microscope with real time AI integration
for cancer diagnosis overlays AI based information onto the
current view of the sample in real time.
Sentier, a US based medical device startup, has been awarded
$2.2 million from the National Institutes of Health to advance
augmented reality device for cardiologists.
Their AI based AR device can provide real time holographic
visualization of the patient's actual anatomy.
The surgeons, which they can use during simple or complex
surgical procedures, the AR headset overlays specific
information floating over the patient using the senti AR
device, surgeons are able to visualize bones, muscles and
internal organs without even having to cut open a body.
Insight Medical Systems is another U.S.
Company that provides bionic vision for surgeons.
Their focus is on developing an augmented reality visualization
and information system that utilizes computer assisted
surgery in orthopedic procedures, including joint
replacement, ACL reconstruction and spinal fusion.
The World Health Organization.
OK.
So that's that estimate.
So when we think of augmented reality, we think about how
we're just trying to visualize something more than what we
normally can see with our eyes.
So it really cool device that can be used even outside of the
operating room is a device called Vein Finder which is a
device that can scan a person's arm or wherever you're looking
for a blood vessel and it can actually display those blood
vessels for you, which makes it a lot easier to see.
And this helps eliminate a lot of patient discomfort,
especially in older patients where it's a lot harder to gain.
Blood vessel access when they need medications and different
things like that.
Uh, so I think this is a really cool tool that is used quite a
lot nowadays that really benefits the patients.
They're actually some studies that show that when AR is used,
it's 3 1/2 times easier.
Umm when performing those those tasks?
So a patient education is another spot that I think that
this really will grow.
It really can help patients overall comfort.
Uh Healthcare is often very unnerving for patients,
especially in regards to surgery.
Umm so with AR you can actually have the patient visualize you
know how their bodies function and.
How a particular condition might affect them?
You can also walk them through the actual procedures that
they're going to be having, which I think is much easier for
most people to understand than trying to explain it with words.
Sometimes these procedures are incredibly complex, so I think
that's a huge benefit for patients rather than just being
told that.
Diagnosing.
So AR is could be used also to help diagnose symptoms for
patients, especially ones that manifest visibly, such as skin
conditions that could be hard to describe, or it could allow
doctors to experience different kinds of eye conditions so that
they can better understand and diagnose their patients and also
can improve the whole efficiency of the process and can reduce
the need for potentially unnecessary tests as we know,
the more tests that we need, the more expensive these hospitals
visits can be.
And Healthcare is often, unfortunately, something that
people will avoid because of the cost.
So I think if we can help them with that, I think that'll be a
huge benefit for the overall health of everybody.
Umm.
You can also explore 3D scans of these patients and allows the
doctors to kind of better understand the patient's anatomy
such as tumors or other abnormalities that they might
not be aware of, and it allows them to view these from multiple
different angles, where normally it's all just two dimensional
images on a screen.
So the FDA has already approved VR headsets for the use and
behavioral therapy to help patients relax and deal with
their pain.
It can also minimize discomfort during physical therapy,
especially when combined with AI to help personalize it.
For every individual person.
The air is also been used to help children with cerebral
palsy to significantly improve their motor functions.
Cedars Sinai Hospital has actually found that VR can help
reduce pain by 24% or more.
And this has been used to help women in labor or people
suffering from chronic or acute pain.
The University of Washington is actually used VR to help burn
patients, which for those of you who don't know, burns are one of
the most painful things you can experience.
So I'm really glad that this is something that works for them.
And they're even able to perform scans on these patients.
Brains that actually show the pain activity and it showed
significantly reduced activity while using the VR headset.
So right now I think where augmented and virtual reality
can really shine is with training and learning a Harvard
Business study found that there was a 230% performance increase
in surgeons who trained in VR.
This also saves a lot of time and money, and it provides more
training opportunities.
Typically, surgeons would have to train with cadavers.
So a procedure could only be performed once per could ever.
With VR, you could practice a procedure as many times as you
want.
And what while you're doing that it can be displayed on another
screen for others to watch and learn as well.
Before, when I was in college for my EMT and paramedic, we had
this area called the Simulation Lab, and I had this really cool
mannequins that were designed to resemble real patients that we
would practice going through real scenarios and it had the
ability to feel for a pulse rate check for blood pressure, watch
their breathing, and this was pretty advanced.
But I think that it could be even more immersive if we were
able to kinda combine that with augmented reality.
Just mix it that much more realistic and really prepares
these people training for the real world.
During my time at a local ambulance service, they actually
started implementing a VR system to help with Training.
Unfortunately wasn't able to be there when it was fully
implemented, but it what they were planning on using it for
was so that they could simulate entire scenarios to, especially
to assist newer people.
Uh to learn what to look for when you're going out on these
911 calls?
Umm.
And ways to make sure that you're keeping you and your
partner safe as well as going over scenarios that you just
don't see very often but are very important to know what to
do when you do come across them.
So yeah, that's pretty much what I have.
I think AR is gonna be a huge benefit to healthcare in the
future.
I think it'll really step up the quality.
Of people that are able to the care that they're able to
receive, as well as improve the patients, general understanding
of their own conditions and how to take care of them properly.
Uh, currently I work in an emergency room and it's quite
shocking how often people are just really not aware of how
their health conditions might affect themselves in the long
term, or how to properly take care of themselves.
AR will also be a huge tool in the hands of educators, which I
think are really improve the quality of people that come out
from these training programs that include this technology.
I really look forward to seeing where this technology will go.
Yeah, there's my references.
Thank you for listening to everybody.
Very nice.
One did have a question.
Excellent.
Yeah.
Go for it.
What?
What do you say?
Is that the key difference between augmented reality and
VR?
So the main difference is, umm, augmented reality is about kind
of adding something to the environment that you're already
in, where VR is more simulating an entirely new environment.
UM, so that's where most I think in at least as far as the use in
healthcare.
AR is gonna be the biggest kind of use in that area.
Uh, because you're able to overlay images with this
Technology onto patients or onto things in your or your
surrounding?
Where it'd be hard to do that if you know everything was
simulated and it wasn't actually like there.
If you know what I mean.
Perfect, awesome presentation.
Yeah.
Wonderful job, Quentin.
That was very interesting.
Next we have Daniel Woodland presenting on cybersecurity in
the automotive technology field.
Lily speaking.
Alrighty.
My old language I used to be in automotive collision repairs.
Yep, alright.
Can everybody see my screen?
Yes, Sir.
OK, good to go.
Alright.
Like Stephanie said, my name is Daniel Woodland and I'm going to
be talking about cybersecurity in the automotive industry.
A little bit of background about myself is I used to be an
automotive technician for about 2 1/2 to three years for
transitioning into the IT field, so I thought this was kind of a
fitting topic.
So for our agenda tonight, uh, more be talking a little bit
about automotive networks as a whole so that we can understand
the current threats and future threats little bit better than
I'm going to be talking more into the current and future
threats get into it.
So just like networks that we use in (IT automobiles have
their own data communication networks to function throughout
the years, automotive manufacturers have employed many
different topologies, or even hybrid topologies like we do in
(IT.
Some have been like ringing star and bus topologies, the
interconnect different modules.
So when we talk about automotive versus (IT, modules are
considered computers.
So when I if I interconnect or I say one or the other, just know
that I'm meaning a computer so.
So any computer in the vehicle is considered module and on the
right side here I have a short list detailing some of the main
modules that can be found in all vehicles today, and they're only
a handful of them, but they are mainly to control the engine and
transmission, analog brakes, electrical systems we.
That's what they used to now, with all the various functions
that vehicles have, we have an enormous amount of modules.
One of the vehicles that I saw previously before I was leaving,
there's like a 2020 model.
It had over 50 different computers for all the functions
and even had a computer to, you know, roll up and roll down the
window for the driver door.
So yeah, prominent topology that really connects all these
computers nowadays is a bus topology.
So when he just kind of remember that when we think about
cybersecurity is that every everything is broadcast data
wise.
And so now.
We have to consider that if one module is infected with
anything, it can send it to the entire vehicle all at once.
So before the last couple years here, everything used to be
implemented as Intranet Intranet.
If I can speak correctly, this means that almost all
communication of the rest of the world was cut off.
No communication in no communication out.
The only way for vehicles to have connection to the outside
world was really through the on board diagnostic port located
within the vehicle itself.
The picture on the right side there is what that is.
Is the OBD 2 port and to actually communicate with the
computers, typically you need specialized devices called scan
tools to plug into the port there and then it can read codes
and talk to the other computers and scan tools themselves.
Or very different.
The little scanner you can get from Rileys can tell you
diagnostic codes, but the fancy, expensive Snap-on scanner can
actually talk to the other computers and make them perform
different functions or reset different values within the
computers.
So just like anywhere else, these computers need inputs and
they get those inputs through various sensors to determine how
form the various tasks they do.
They use the inputs from these sensors.
Some of these sensors can be load sensors, motion sensors and
even radar sensors for the newer cruise control following the
distance following capabilities.
That's what they use as radar.
So is pretty crazy what they're putting into these newer
vehicles and another technology that is pretty new is wireless
capabilities within the actual vehicle.
This one is pretty new.
I would say within the last five years and that's kind of where
we get into some of the cybersecurity issues is now
these vehicles that used to operate as an intranet or having
more than one point of entry and are now being able to be
interconnected to the outside world a whole lot easier.
So let's move on to some of the current threats.
Uh.
Not only do we have threats to the automobiles themselves, but
we have to consider that the automotive industry is A2 phased
threat.
Issue here.
So first we need to consider the threats to the manufacturers
organization just like any other company.
They can be targeted for many different reasons, and some of
the predominant attacks for them are malware infections,
ransomware attacks, phishing attempts, social social
engineering attacks, insider threats and data breaches, and
both insider threats and data breaches are very, very large
and can be very detrimental not only to all companies, but
specifically to the automotive manufacturers because the size
of the workforce for automount motive manufacturers, especially
now where they're having a bunch of strikes going on, umm, 11 bad
Apple can do a lot to detachment to be detrimental to the overall
cause and data breaches can really, really, really umm in
the one ruined the reputation of the manufacturer but leaked out
of the customers of vehicles themselves of manufacturing
processes.
We have to remember that if you buy a vehicle directly from
manufacturer or a franchise or dealership, they have all of
your PII, and so all of this.
Need speaking taking in consideration for cyber security
threats within the industry.
Moving on, we also have to look at the vehicles themselves for
threats.
This is especially true of food.
And last three to five years with so many new technological
advancements being put into vehicles and one of them that's
very concerning to me and a lot of people in the world right now
is vehicle connectivity.
So vehicle connectivity is where a car can send out wireless
signals to other nearby devices, vehicles, infrastructure and
even with cloud.
So the purpose of this connectivity is to assist the
driver by gathering information including weather conditions,
graphic conditions and it can play a pretty big part and
Traffic Safety systems like uh, vehicles that can stop when they
sense an object.
That's in front of them.
It uses some form of vehicle connectivity typically.
So many newer fleet vehicles are being produced with this
connectivity.
Not only for ease of monitoring, but also GPS locating.
Have a good example of this is taxi cabs.
All newer taxi cabs are being made with it in abundance.
So vehicle connectivity is a very new technology that I
believe is gonna shape the automotive industry for the
better in the long run.
But unfortunately it's already been exploited by malicious
actors and it's mainly being exploited by DDoS attacks and
man in the middle attacks.
So the way Umm vehicle connectivity works, it almost
plays directly in the these actors hands by allowing them
access to either to broadcast data over the vehicle and when
they get to that they can break into that vehicle that they're
connected to and getting credentials and then go higher
and escalate their privileges within the actual parent company
of those people.
Unfortunately, and and with man in the middle attacks, they it's
easy to sniff wireless traffic and so if somebody is standing
in between uh, infrastructure and any vehicle passing it,
sending out the radio frequencies, they can capture
those packets and grab anything that is being sent over the
wire.
And unfortunately this is pretty much a textbook man in the
middle attack.
Along with that, threat, actors can also spoof sensors.
So if they're actually in the vehicle system with vehicle
connectivity, they can spoof sensors, pausing accidents by
vehicles, abruptly halting, thinking that there's somebody
in front of them.
And it is.
That's just crazy to me, so unfortunately, so far
manufacturers are trying to fix the issue by better encryption
and authentication practices, but it's still very weak and
Perry very in the works.
Another threat, especially to the electric vehicle community,
is EV charging stations.
So when a vehicle plugs in their car to charge, it's almost like
plugging in an Ethernet cable into your computer.
So when a car is charging, the data can be transferred from the
vehicle to and from the charging station station.
This data can be transferred.
This data includes vehicle formants, road conditions that
vehicle had traffic conditions that the vehicle meant, and can
also update the vehicle through software patches from the
charger to the vehicle.
And this is 1 cybersecurity comes in issue cause malicious
actors can easily upload unattended charging stations
with malware.
And then once you plug in your car and any data that's being
uploaded or deported can be either sniffed as another man in
middle attack, or they can upload malware to your vehicle.
Unfortunately, this is another big issue that nobody really
knows how to deal with.
The only guidance that's been put out there is if you when you
plug in your car, sometimes you have the option to say share
data or charge only and they just want you to use the charge
only function on on all unknowns charging stations.
So that's not a great, great thing to really do at the
moment.
So moving on with some more of the current threats that we're
seeing.
Umm, another major cyber security concern is attacks
through the infotainment system.
So a vehicles infotainment system is essentially what used
to be a radio or the CD player and older vehicles.
But umm, it has more built in functions nowadays, like GPS,
Wi-Fi, traffic alerts, vehicle performance data and a bunch of
other functions depending on what vehicle it is.
Where these are now more connected vehicles to the
Internet, these infotainment systems really need to be
treated as a computer, but the big problem is they don't have
any antivirus or antimalware capabilities, at least at this
time.
And at least at the time of my research, which, you know, I
conducted my research the last couple weeks.
So it's gonna take a while for them to implement anything
that's going to work.
So these infotainment systems can easily be exploited by
visiting malicious sites, opening fishing attachments,
plugging it in unknown USB.
You know it can be infected just like any other computer.
The problem though this is if a hacker can gain access through
the infotainment system and it's pretty much game over because
it's a bus network, they have access to do whatever they want
to the rest of the vehicle.
One case that I found where attackers got through the
infotainment system.
It described how the attacker sent various commands to shut
the engine off in the middle of traffic, causing a pretty
serious accident. So.
Unfortunately, manufacturers have done a lot to ensure that
their vehicle code is as good as can be, but that is it.
That's it.
So at that point, the consumer is the weakest link, at least
the to the manufacturers I, and so more user education is the
best way to avoid these attacks.
The last current threat that I'm really wanna talk about is, umm,
a little less life threatening.
Thankfully, but it can still be a very, very terrible thing for
anybody.
And that is keyless car theft.
So most vehicles being produced today and many in the last 10
years are keyless, meaning that you don't have to turn the key
to start the car.
Umm you can also call this push button start and so the bug
being used has implied signal that talks to your car, allowing
them mobilizer to be circumvented.
So if it sees the crock, the correct FOB signal, it'll start
what malicious individuals are doing when they're trying to
steal your car through.
This method is they're trying to find your keys or if ID and
either close it, clone it or use a repeater to get that signal
out to your car to start.
And once it started, that's pretty much game over.
Umm, unfortunately now I don't know if it's unfortunately or
fortunately, but there are built in safety concerns making it so
the engine will not shut off if it does not see the key signal,
meaning those individuals can now drive your car away to
another location and do whatever they want to it.
So it's very unfortunate, but it's in the world today and we
have to figure out a way to fix that and the the worst thing of
this all, it can only take a matter of seconds for this to
for thieves to steal your car.
I have.
I can't tell you how many of you have videos.
I've seen 2030 seconds somebody walks up to the front door.
They wear as a key on a computer, walk over to their
car, get in and drive off.
It's it's crazy to me.
So guidance that has been put out to minimize the keyless car
theft is to keep the car keys away from exterior walls and put
them in a Faraday bag, meaning that your key fobs, RFID will be
contained to that bag.
It cannot go out and so nobody can see it.
Clone it or repeat it over to your vehicle so long with those
current threats.
We also need to be aware of potential third future
cybersecurity threats, just like everywhere else, machine
learning or AI is starting to play a huge part of
manufacturing, and this is no difference in automotive
manufacturing.
So any attack that can halt production on one machine or
destroys a machine can mean millions of dollars of damages
or loss production to accompany umm, another big cybersecurity
threat in the future is going to be autonomous vehicles.
If somebody can get in through an infotainment system right now
and cause your vehicle to stop, what's gonna happen with
autonomous vehicles? Umm.
Because autonomous vehicles are going to be driving themselves,
uh people, that malicious criminals that are hacked into
them can easily tell them to turn left in 80 mile an hour
traffic in cause devastation from that.
So and like all other forms of Technology, user education can
be a weapon.
Unfortunately, or lack of user education, could be a weapon.
Umm.
Especially with these newer systems, we have the insane
amount of exploits that are being opened up to them.
So lastly, we also have to remember that unfortunately at
this point, cybersecurity is reactive and not proactive,
meaning oftentimes manufacturers don't know exploits until
they've already been exploited.
So somebody's wreaking havoc on that exploit and we just cannot
keep ahead of the times, the technologies and the threats out
there at this time.
So in conclusion, I wanna just say that cybersecurity and
normal industries is definitely important.
Keep companies, customers and employee data safe and secure.
But cybersecurity and Automotive World is way more important due
to the fact that lives are potentially on the line if
cybersecurity controls fail, and these are only a few current and
potential future threats that are happening at the moment and
have the potential to become major issues in the future,
that's all I got for you.
Thank you.
Any questions.
Boston, I believe you had a question.
Earlier in the presentation, do you do you still have a
question?
Let's see.
No.
Or yeah.
All right, Forest has one.
Surprise, Joshua doesn't have a question.
So what he might after he might be waiting to hear mine.
He's probably got a better one.
OK.
He just wants to one up me.
I'm sure I what what kind of things are they doing to prevent
And now I don't know.
those like cars being taken?
Is there any like new technologies they're doing?
Is it just more of the same like having security Reacher
researchers pen test and then kind of improving from there?
They're like new technologies being developed, or am I free to
rig my car to explode if it gets stolen?
I'm just asking for a friend.
So are you talking specifically for being stolen or being taken
over?
Any concern currently?
In general, like is there like a in general like stolen or taken
It's.
or out of your possession I guess would be the best way to
So.
label it.
There our companies out there.
Third party companies that are crying to produce software to be
implemented as the problem is with the Automotive World is
everyone is separate.
Everything that you know Ford does is completely different
than what GM does and everything GM does is different than
Chrysler.
And so one thing that will work on one has to be heavily
modified to work on another system and so.
Nothing is being produced at the manufacturer level yet because
they don't believe that they are the ones to hold the blame.
As of now, in the future, I'm guarantee that that's gonna
change once it, I mean, you know how these big companies
typically are, as they won't do anything until something bad
already happens.
So there are low level companies trying to implement stuff, but
it's really a case by case.
Thing at the moment.
Interesting.
So they're passing their responsibility out of the
consumer.
From the sounds of it.
Yes.
Unfortunately, at the time.
Thank you.
Yep.
And Kyle has question too.
Yeah.
I actually just recently saw a video of an interview of Ford's
Chief Technical Officer or something talking about their
their future of their electric vehicle.
And they were talking about how because they were so each module
or component was designed by an independent, uh well.
And then dependent or an outside company that they were having
those issues.
So now they're going forward with having everything designed
in house more so like Tesla.
Did you happen to come across anything about that?
I have not, but it is pretty typical.
At least it was pretty typical that.
Most manufacturers outsource their computers to, you know,
Bosch makes a lot of computers.
How?
Who else?
Don't set my tongue, but I can't remember right now.
I could see that.
Being important now because with how many modules are being put
into the vehicles that.
Basically, each computer they got code themselves, they get
the computer and they get.
Specifications and whatnot, and that they send to their
producers and they get the computers and they have to write
their own code to quit on that.
So I can see how it's would make sense for them just to create
everything in house nowadays.
And then also think about it, if everything is designed by the
same people use the same uses the same code, you could easily
implement an AI system that could basically tell you exactly
what is wrong with your computer or with, say, your car, say it
breaks down or.
You could use it as an anti theft because it wouldn't
recognize the person driving the vehicle.
Yeah.
Yeah, I can see that is probably in the near future.
I no Tesla has already been implementing some of the
automatic automatic diagnostic stuff for the last couple of
years, so it's it's probably it's bound to happen sooner than
later with AI.
But yeah, awesome presentation.
Thank you.
All right, Joshua.
Ready for you?
I just wanted to go back to Forest.
His carbine about having a a command if somebody steals your
vehicle.
I just took quota a good movie eject dosey doe cuz.
OK.
Alright.
Anything else?
All right.
Thank you.
Well done.
Well done, Sir.
Excellent presentation.
And I hope they make it so you can change the interior to red
and lay creepy music when somebody steals your car and
then completely shut it off.
Someday, it'll happen someday.
OK. Yeah.
Or just or just put an EMP in there be done with it.
Well, that'll fry the electronics in the car will be
Yeah, alright.
At that point, I would just take the insurance payout from
useless.
somebody stealing your car, then frying everything and happening
Yup.
for you for yourself.
Are you still in the uh, yeah.
Forest is like or.
A sweat insurance is for.
It's just like if I can't have it, no one can have it.
Oh no, they can have it.
All right.
Next up this evening we have Ilhan.
Am I saying that correctly?
Yes, that was pretty good.
Perfect.
All right.
And he will be presenting on the advancement in cloud technology.
So that's gonna be fun.
One SEC came.
Click around how to share this.
Uh, the share is up at the upper right hand corner next to the
leave button and then just make sure that you select that
include computer sound option.
If you have a video or anything in your presentation.
OK.
It does this look OK.
Looks perfect.
Alright.
Good evening everyone.
UM, I want to talk about the advancement in cloud technology.
UM, this is became my subject.
Actually I after my like a last terms class.
UM, that was the only cloud class I had, and it seemed
pretty interesting, and it seemed like that's where we are
heading towards.
And isn't Technology personal and business?
Umm so I want to talk about how it started and how is it going.
And uh, especially after the COVID and stuff.
So the history of for the cloud Technology starts all the way
back in 1960s.
The defense of Advanced Research Projects Agency DARPA made an
offer to MIT.
Uh, the the project that was called was Mac.
The goal was to create an environment that where they can
use one computer and allow multiple users to have
connection to this device.
Smile tenuously, umm, and similar to this project.
In 1969, JC Legleiter had similar vision and tried to turn
into reality.
Uh, with the same idea.
Having computers, multiple computers and allowing numerous
amount of users to connect to those computers and interact
with each other at the same time.
Uh.
And he was a psychologist and computer scientists at the same
time.
So that's why he came up with the names that was called
Intergalactic Computer Network, and he was one of the supporters
and developers for the project.
That was known as ARPANET Advanced Research Projects
Agency network.
Uh in 1990s uh.
This is when, like the the cloud Technology started to grow
tremendously.
Uh, so the virtual machine start to get developed?
The VPN virtual private networks started to come into the action
for the organization organizations, and they use
these virtual private networks with an operating system,
basically treated them as a computer and utilize these
virtual private networks as a testing tool for their
applications, software and anything new.
Any new software or any application or any patches that
they do to occurrent application?
They would first Test on these but network VPN I mean virtual
machines.
I'm sorry.
And then if the if there's any bugs, any anomalies that doing
the the updates, they would be able to identify it and recover
it and then send the finalized no error bug free the version
and to the public to the other users in 2002 of.
As we all know, Amazon start to to play a huge role in not just
explain chain ecom, but also in the cloud technology as well.
Uh, they implemented the AWS Amazon Web Services.
They Amazon Web Services provided data storage for its
users or other businesses computation.
And you know, and they also leave some virtual computers for
other organizations and users.
They are the starter of IAS IAS infrastructure as a service.
And in 2007, a Google followed Amazon with include technology.
But not in infrastructure as a service, but they were more on
towards the platform as a service.
They utilize their app engine and they create this platform
allowed users to create and host their own web applications with
utilizing Googles own data centers across the globe.
And 2009 Microsoft Azure came into play and it is also one of
the.
Personally, that I hear a lot in cybersecurity world and cloud
world that Azure and AWS are very highly.
Uh, look for and.
Months.
You a look forward to have experience and knowledge to grow
within this industry.
Umm, the Azure is more of a focus on like allowing users to,
you know, build their own applications and services and
how to manage them and have to deploy it for other consumers or
users or businesses.
Umm.
In 2010, in early 2010, UH, we start to hear about the Docker
and Kubernetes technologies gain and they gain the reputation
because of their containers containerization.
Umm.
Which is a is a software development process that bundles
an application code with all the files and libraries.
In this chart I want to show a little bit on the after,
especially after the COVID which was around 22020 and go into
2122 and 23.
How each cloud services was continuously growing there is
none.
The cloud services that there's spending decreased or stayed the
same as the year previously.
We can see, you know, cloud business process services here.
One of the low spendings, but it's still it was still
continuously increasing and other ones as well like we can
see the cloud application infrastructure services, cloud
application services and like I said with the covered with
everybody's being remote and need to have access to networks
or data data storage or need to share something with one
another, cloud cloud Technology, the start play a huge role in
this field in this support for businesses.
We talked about some of the cloud service spendings in
previously here and I just don't want, didn't wanna leave as a
title.
Uh, it's it's a very broad concept to claw technology, so I
try to like.
Umm make it like a small amount of information for everything
and try to touch base on everything as much as I could
and one of the type of cloud cloud computing is BPAS, uh
which is a business process.
Service is entails to integrate set of collaborative activities
to support organizations to achieve their goals.
And the other one that I had in the board as well, platform as a
service, it offered platform to the users to you know manage
their software.
They can start from scratch, deploying their software,
testing them umm or the.
Use is software that is already out there and try to modify in
their way to see without harming the applications without the
creating defects and affecting other users and they can advance
this successful in this platform that they have and they can put
it out for the other users.
So where is the service is based on web.
It's over the web and intended for the end users.
UM, some of the ones that we know we know and use in our
maybe work life and daily life is one that I use is slack and I
know GitHub and Shopify are one of the knowns out there as well.
Infrastructure as a service.
Uh, I'll try to mention it.
Previously, Amazon Web Services WS it is just one of the biggest
starter for this one.
Led the way for the others.
It provided data storage and ability for others to access
services.
Servers umm this up as a service service offer virtual desktop
for the users and also the mobile device as well.
Uh, so it uses the front end connection for the users and the
service provider control the back end so users would have
access and control their devices and have access to servers.
But the service provider would manage the security portion of
it and updates and all the other stuff.
And here is a little bit of breakdown of some of it doesn't
services I discussed if let's say anyone in the future thinks
about opening a business and to decide on which kind of
platform, I mean service they wanna use and if they wanna
heavily focus on just on premises then they would need to
manage the entire thing, the application and data in runtime.
And uh in IS it would differ a little bit.
The cloud service provider would handle virtualization, servers,
storage and networking.
While the business would handle the application data runtime in
the other.
Ohh then we have PIAS.
PAS compared to IS they will.
This service provider would also handle the runtime middleware
and OS.
And lastly, the SAS would the handle the entire thing for the
cloud services that provides the application.
The data runtime is solely up to cloud service provider.
Business would just hire the third party to provide that
environment for them.
Why we would wanna use cloud technology for our businesses?
There is numerous factors about one of the like some of the key
takeaways that I have from the cloud technology is the cost
with the cloud Technology, especially if we are like
depending on the third party like.
They have AS umm, it's just we are hiring a third party
company.
They are handling all the cloud.
The service is application and it's benefits.
I mean it's back end and then we do not need to pay for the whole
the server set of the hardware and the software of it.
And we are avoiding all these expenses.
Uh, when it comes to the speed.
Uh.
Placerville, CES.
Uh, like, especially after the COVID because the demand is too
high, because all the companies are in need of it.
Ohh, they are heavily focused on this field and trying to improve
each year every day day by day.
That's why the speed is trying to be the in a way that where
you would use our own personal computer and how you would get
everything.
Every page is every access to the as quick as possible and
cloud is trying to provide the same quick method to the
businesses as well.
While numerous people are trying to do at the same time and not
just one user, umm, it's also reliable because cloud
technology as we mentioned before, it is used for data
storage.
So in case of situation, if any disaster occurs like not just
natural disaster, but any threads, any hackers try to get
into our or actually achieved to get into our system.
There we can actually shut down the network and try to mitigate
the area that the hacker already get into and not spread out once
the security team takes the control, eliminates the attack,
recovers the.
(Network).
Then they can start to put it back up and any missing
information that can be recovered from the data that was
stored in the cloud network.
And if it's a disaster that happened and where we lost the
whole data center like in the with cloud technology, there is
also a A you can also bring the data to start from the scratch
and start to build up from there.
Again, it's depending on the how the company, I guess handling
the data storage part of it if they are handling the day by day
or if they are doing it weekly.
That's definitely like up to the business, how they manage at
that point.
Do your data storage umm the security of it?
The cloud services handle all their offer, their security
policies and technologies, and how to utilize their own cloud
services for the businesses so they can create a training for
their own employees and explain them how the cloud services work
and how they can utilize it, what to not do, what to do.
Uh.
And other than that, just to not depend on, you know you never
know because the human mistake is the one of the biggest
threat, I guess, in cybersecurity.
So are they also have their own security measurements as they uh
to protect the from any potential threats out there?
Umm, this is the spending the year by year from 2009 to all
the way to COVID start of COVID.
So we see that businesses are like heavily focused on data
center initially like all the way I wanna say 2009 till 2015
where it started a little bit catching up in the quarter of it
then 16 and 17 like half of it like there even almost there and
by the time COVID came up and 2019 to 20 we can see that
actually cloud spendings are going above the hardware and
software data centers.
Uh in the second quarter of the COVID uh, which is not in the
graph, but from the data that I collected from setting resource,
the global cloud service pending hit.
Actually, the record of $35 billion ohm the compared to the
first quarter of the 2020, it was 11% and 30% from the same
period.
Uh, there are four different types of cloud deployment types,
which is the public, private, hybrid and community.
Public Cloud is a data that is available to.
That has a massive amount of available space for users and it
is easy skill, easy scale and recommended for most of the
software development teams and any projects that are people are
working on hands together.
And collaboratively, uh, private cloud is more, uh, restrict and
it's usually.
It has a defense mechanism mechanism in front of it, which
is like a firewalls and it's usually used for the businesses
to.
Uh, keep their sensitive information and to prevent any
unauthorized access to come into these sensitive information
other than the.
Uh users that are allowed hybrid is the combination of public and
private.
As we can tell from the name of hybrid.
It is recommended for the businesses to, you know, balance
the data between data analytics and data privacy regulations and
the Community cloud is another collaborative platform, can be
used by several organizations to share the same applications.
I didn't add umm so how a business can determine which one
fits for their needs for the cloud deployment model.
So the public ones are paper used, so it is dipped solely up
to the user the amount that they use.
The amount is that pay.
The more the utilization of cloud will be, the more spending
for the cloud.
They will not need any hardware or software setup and the cloud
service will handle it from off site.
They they they usually locate in different region like as
mentioned due to us any data storage for disaster recovery
and data recovery.
The private cloud is user is the owner basically for the private
they will determine who to who to authorize to for the data,
who to service and who is not allowed.
Within that environment, it is recommended for, like I said, to
restrict those sensitive informations and leave it for
the certain people to have access to that data.
Hybrid cloud deployment model is stored separately from the
organizations to reduce the data that risk any.
Hack hacking in initiatives and the public because of the public
side of public cloud side of it, the scalability is also there
for and the cost will be less if the organization decides to.
OK, let's start with them.
You know, just minimize this cloud service.
Let's test it out, and if it fits our model for the company,
what I what we need and they can eventually grow the cloud
service and the request more additional services from them
and the communities, uh cloud deployment model, it can be
shared by multiple organizations and therefore the cost can be
divided between the companies, companies, there's sources,
infrastructure also will be shared amongst these companies
that are sharing the same service.
This.
And that should be all for me.
Is there any comments?
Anything that I could have improved?
Any questions?
This, Daniel I guess Daniel.
Great job.
Yeah.
Yeah, good job.
Great presentation.
I was just wondering if you were able to make the decision.
I know it's very different on basis on different
organizations.
What level of service would you want or recommend to an
organization?
If you had full reign to do whatever you want with it.
Uh, so throughout my cybersecurity joint journey of 1
and while I was, like, doing a lot of heavy on how to, you
know, be ready for interviews.
One thing that I realized he always start to questions with
it depends right?
In cyber security, it depends on what we want to pick for the
cloud as well.
But while I will go with one of them since we want to kind of
specify and I wanna have an answer to this question, I think
I would start with the public first.
The the deployment model due to the cost is being less and
heavily depending on the class services until I have either the
team for that I can establish myself that I can tell, you
know, not have a team that can be working on creating our own
cloud system.
So we can go away from third paying for a third party company
and maybe save money that way ourselves.
But initially, due to lack of knowledge and lack of
availability, I would probably start with that and let the
third party handle most of my business in related to cloud
service.
Makes sense?
Sorry, I'm trying to see teams of four forest I believe.
Close enough.
Good enough.
I was wondering if I could actually see cloud seven real
You.
quick or Slide 7 real quick.
Again, I was actually curious about the desktop as a service.
I've heard of infrastructure and software and platform as a
service, but desktop as a service is new to me.
I've always thought of virtual machine just being part of the
part of a software package.
I was actually curious about looking at that slide again just
Down 11.
briefly.
Forward one more slide.
The blue and orange chart. Perfect.
Yeah.
OK.
Because I was looking at a shared responsibility, one
that's a different type of graph I've seen, I've always seen
shared responsibility actually split data and uh.
Data actually with the consumer in the cloud service, I've never
actually seen it straight up on the head is interesting.
I would actually be interested to see the resource on that one
that would actually further my knowledge on the subject as
well.
Yeah, yeah, yeah.
I mean, this is this actually helps to go back to previous
question on I guess how to determine what kind of service
we want as well I guess because you basically determine what
you're capable of, what you can manage, what and what you cannot
manage at the time I guess and go from there like I said like
there's a lot of variables I guess before you make that
decision on which service is the best for you and your business.
Alright, uh, I don't see any other questions.
Well, thank you for listening to me.
I am always nervous with the presentations and don't do much
often.
They great.
You did an excellent job.
I guess we stop sharing like this, alright?
All right, I am not seeing Jonathan in the meeting today.
So Next up is going to be Joshua Thompson working with game
development.
About time.
Hack ramp.
That's what I'm here for.
I'm here to watch Josh lead us.
Well, well, well, huh?
Lead us how the turns have tabled.
She's alright.
Uh.
Oh.
I'm gonna applaud now because I know this is gonna be great.
A I don't know.
So you Daniel's on board too?
We got this.
Just pre raise your hand with questions.
So he knows through the entire presentation.
I I literally taking notes every word you say.
I'm hanging on and I'm coming back because I have a question.
Probably not a good question, but I'm gonna have a question.
Power, right?
So I'll be covering the wonderful world of game
development.
And that sold.
The first step in 1952, British professor AWS Douglas created
OXOAK Tic Tac toe.
Uh, this was part of his doctoral dissertation at the
University of Cambridge, UH 1958.
William Higginbotham created tennis for two, which was it's
it was created on a a large analog computer for visitors day
at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York.
Umm.
And as you might guess, tennis for two was basically pong. Umm.
Excuse me.
1962 uh Steve Russell excited for the creation of Space War.
This game was created by a group of students at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, or MIT.
As we know it ohm it was a space combat video game and it was the
first of its kind because it could be played on multiple
computer installations.
Whereas previously games could only be played on the computer
in which they were created on.
Alright, so the 1st in home console.
Yeah, 1967.
Team of Dibba developers led by Ralph Baer at Sanders
Associates, incorporated.
The brown box was the first initial prototype for a
multiplayer multiprogram video game system that could be played
on a television set.
This milestone in gaming history.
Was coined Ralph Baer as the father of video games.
And in 1972, uh, Ralph Baer licensed his Brown box to
Magnavox.
And then they gave it the name.
They gave it an aesthetic overhaul, as you can see in the
background there, and they called it the odyssey, and it
was thus dubbed the first video game home console.
And one important thing to note is after after only a few years
because of its primitive design, it's popularity diminished.
However, one of the odysseys 28 games inspired the creation of
one of the most widely known video games in history, Atari
Pong.
So 1983, the Nintendo debuts.
Uh, the US video game at that time had experienced a major
market crash.
This was known as the the crash.
It came as a result due to a number of video gaming companies
being in competition with one another and they were basically
producing over advertised low quality games.
One of the ones sided was the old ET video game that was just
plain garbage.
Ohh, this ultimately led to a many video game companies going
out of business.
Uh, see?
Alright, so with the bitterness, dialogic history out of the way,
uh, we'll switch gears and look at the evolution of how video
games are first developed in the earliest days they were created
utilizing very primitive technology and could only be
played on the computer in which they were created.
Like I mentioned earlier.
Ohh.
Like to take TAC toe and the tennis for two, they basically
used a punch card system and of course the computers back then
were, you know, gigantic but.
About 10 years later, the group MIT students that were
responsible for the creation of Space War had incorporated the
use of source coding.
Uh.
With that game, developers have realized that video games could
be played on smaller coin operated machines, and pairing
that with the concept of the introduction of programmable
processors.
This led to the what is referred to as the Golden Age of Arcade
games.
And as I'm sure most of us here are familiar with the basics of
PC, mobile and console gaming, what it takes to create one
really isn't all that complicated.
Assuming one can familiarize themselves with a proper coding
language paired with the plethora of tutorials out there.
Uh, mapping out a functional game can quickly become second
natured.
Actually, Development software such as Unreal Engine and Unity
game creation imagine there are among the top resources that are
used to develop today's top rated video games.
Uh, everything from basic 2D layouts to full on 3D virtual
reality experiences?
Can all be created utilizing these state of the art game
design programs?
And with that.
Uh, there's my list of references there, and thank you
for watching.
And since we still got should have some time left.
I will go ahead and show.
Uh, show a little bit about, you know what the the interface of a
unity game hub looks like?
Umm, recent days we've been working on paired projects and
things of that sort and Jaden Baker.
I created him with most of the work on this because the
character animation is stuff is something I have not delved into
yet, but.
I'm more my strength to pertains to umm the the the level design
and things of that sort.
So with this, with what we've created here so far, our basic
concept.
Uh was to create a game.
The uh it was.
It's gonna be a more.
It was gonna be a multiplayer game, sword and shield style
combat and.
We're just, we're we basically only got in this, you know,
rough layout right now, but.
Uh, we've had to transition to working on the ancient
civilizations game project.
It's a relatively new concept and or work currently working on
getting phase one completed of it.
I haven't had a chance to work on it yet because of having two
other classes and.
But anyway, give me an idea of what can be done within the 3D
environment.
Others plethora of things you can you can add and do as I just
everything you see.
Uh, there's Brooke.
There's various floor tiles and each object is has been
strategically placed.
I actually you implemented.
I've implemented the the barrel and the bucket there and then I
added the the hanging skeleton here and in the shackles.
Uh, surprisingly, that was, but took a while.
I took about an hour for me to position that skeleton because
the because of the original pose that it was in ohm.
Basically, when I when I place the skeleton it's, you know,
it's just plain it's arms broke down and it was, you know,
straight but you can take and I'll show you in a second.
You can take a in rotate, uh individual pieces to match up.
There's decimal places for the of XY&Z axis.
If you're familiar with any kind of geometry or graphing.
Umm.
But anyway.
He hadn't, really.
He hadn't really implemented the I actually command as far as
swinging the sword and blocking yet, because we've kind of moved
on, but I had.
Wait, blocking should be there.
Do what?
You should be able to block and attack.
Well, the only thing we've got is as far as commands right now
is this.
You can't use right mouse button to block.
Ohh no.
Starting off with the important commands, I see excellent job.
Now at the moment right mouse button isn't working.
I didn't even know he's here it bro.
But anyway I I added this recently.
I just added a whole nother chamber there and then I'd
start.
I'd added all the walls, umm and the textures for the walls
colors and then I started working on the floor course of
that.
To learn the classes to worry about, but.
But uh, just uh, I don't give you an idea here.
What you can actually do.
You know each individual element you can adjust to.
Uh, the positioning of the arms and such that we've got here.
We got the positioning here on the Axis ohm.
You can just move it on whichever axis you want.
Uh, there's the option that rotated on every axis.
The reason why this took so long?
Uh to position this scale, but didn't?
Uh, because, uh, these these right here are not positioned
perfectly Even so.
There.
That'll probably, yeah.
I just sorry positioned them, but well if the original 1.
Is.
There's you.
You added in and it's just a straight and skeleton that's,
you know, they say guys I've described as just.
Basically a straight farmed down legs, flat feet, flat skeleton.
But yeah, this is this is just a look at the three dimensional
aspect of it.
Yeah, see.
Show you the one that.
Do we have any questions for Joshua?
Will we get the next example lined up?
All are still another one.
Oh, I'm sorry.
I thought you had clicked on one.
Ohh not it.
Yeah, I was just gonna show the the the one that I started out
with this one was with.
Forest actually.
They were needed to pull up. Ohh.
Need some jeopardy music right now.
Daniel, what's your question?
Yeah, I had a question.
Do you have any experience of Unreal Engine or is it just
unity?
I I'd delved into unity a bit.
And just it's it's different, but I mean, of course this was
before I had started this portion like of the internship.
Yep.
Umm.
Cause I've taken the courses that are offered in as tasks in
this in the internship are all unity courses and that's that's
kinda how delved into it more.
I did it like I said, I did try Unity, unreal or not needed.
I did try Unreal Engine.
I just couldn't really.
Is good and get into how the mechanics and stuff, but I'm
sure at this point.
Uh, I'll be able to work more with it.
The first film coming out on Real 5 here shortly.
With.
Yeah, they're they're doing a lot of lot of good stuff that
that you know, fan made stuff like I know read the most recent
big deal is the uh, so a fan did a occurring of time remaster and
that's based on what I've read and videos it's it looks pretty
pretty dope.
As a whole Star Wars series on YouTube based on a soldiers from
the Empire, it's been of like a commodity commodity comedic
thing, just kind of poke in front of us.
No, I haven't seen that.
It's done and Unreal 5 and it's really solid.
It's it's hilarious.
I don't recommend watching it with your children because
there's a couple of times here there.
It's crosses over, but it's pretty solid.
You do also have a question from the chat.
Do you have any other games you want to work on?
Oh yeah.
There's, like I said, Doug, I mentioned earlier.
Uh, we're currently working on.
Uh.
The ancient civilizations game project, which will be?
Like we said, it was gonna be like kind of a top down type
video game Jaden's in here.
Here it could elaborate more on that.
I could share a picture of what it looks like currently in chat.
OK.
Yeah, like I said, this is the first one we started out on.
So yeah, it's it's as not mine, but anyway.
So.
Yeah, I mean that's that's talk, yeah.
Anybody has any other questions?
Otherwise, I'll turn it over to Jaden Nick and you can share you
a little bit of what's going on with the agent sniff.
Ohh wait.
He shared it in June.
This is the master class meeting.
Ah, OK, I see.
I see.
Yeah, he's been working on that hexagon mesh.
I shouldn't step on the feet of other people.
Yeah, I haven't played with that yet.
Like I said, I've been yongling two other classes so I don't get
to do the fun stuff yet.
I hope that was 15 minutes.
I wasn't even paying attention.
It was perfect.
I think you started at exactly 615.
Alright, dope.
Or 9:15.
All right.
Next up we have Alexis.
Presenting on technological literacy.
Yes, hello.
I maybe shouldn't have done it this way, or maybe I should have
done it this way.
Can you, can you guys see this?
That is perfect.
That's pretty.
OK.
Thank you.
OK, ohm.
Well, first I'll say good evening everyone.
Two things.
Number one, I might have to take a few sips of water and #2.
I don't know.
I'm getting some technical difficulties, so if I break up
for a long amount of time, maybe just put like a zero in the
chat.
I don't know. But anyways.
Good evening everyone.
My name is Alexis and I'm interning within the
cybersecurity department.
Umm.
OK, so oops, sorry I haven't presented in a long time.
Anyways, today I will be presenting on the importance of
technological literacy, or I also say tech literacy for sure
short, because sometimes technological, like the Els for
some reason I don't know.
But anyways, next slide.
OK.
So in today's agenda, we will be discussing why I chose this
topic.
It's definition, it's scope, focus and objectives.
Best cyber security practices cybersecurity theories as well
as cybersecurity principles.
Personal tech literacy strategies, which is really like
my own strategies.
And then questions at the end.
OK, so why did I choose this topic?
I chose this topic because I realized that there is a dire
need for more awareness about tech literacy.
Today's General Knowledge database is essentially the kind
of information the average person should know about the
world around them today.
Today's General Knowledge database is kind of like a
phrase that I came up with just to really put into perspective
what we are experiencing today in terms of the technological
landscape.
Most people lack the current knowledge about the foundations
of technology, as well as how to use those foundations.
Also, everyone should know a decent amount of information
regarding the subject, because we encounter technology in our
in our everyday lives.
And when it comes to using technology, for the most part,
everyone is in charge of understanding the their own
device, with the exception of the, you know, younger
generation children, kids who are, you know, surprisingly
given technological devices at such a young age.
And also, excuse me, excuse me.
I must I must add that while doing research for this project,
I learned that tech literacy and information literacy work in
parallel together to offer a cohesive Technology experience
for that user.
So I'll just briefly explain explain this photo here.
I just I put this here because I think it's really important
pertaining to the research.
So in this column next to the definition, it says this is the
definition for information literacy, and then this is the
definition for Technology literacy.
Essentially, information literacy is about the ability to
understand the data displayed and tech literacy is about
knowing how to use the devices and the tools to understand that
information.
So there's a lot of things in the digital space that's really
missed, like for lack of a better term, discombobulated.
In terms of the understanding of the different aspects of
technology literacy, information literacy, there was a lot of
other literacies that I did a research, but the main ones were
technological literacy and information literacy.
There was also technological digital literacy.
So as you can tell by now, there's a lot of names for it.
They're interested.
There's a lot of names for technological literacy.
It's interchangeable, but what I'm making clear on this slide
is that tech literacy and info literacy are completely
different, but they do need to work in parallel for everything
else to work well.
OK, now in terms of the tech professionals knowledge and the
general populations knowledge for us, we all are already in
the field of Technology us meaning the tech professionals,
the interns.
And so we're already in the field of technology, which
revolves around the likes of cybersecurity, data analytics,
(IT, Support), and the list.
The list really can go on, however, just because we the
tech people, the tech professionals may know more
about the basics of tech.
It does not mean that it is true for all tech professionals and
people outside of the tech spec.
This, even though tech professionals are perceived to
know more than the average person, there will always be
something more to learn in this digital age in terms of new
generational skills.
What do I mean by this?
This is also something that I that I had some time to really
think about, and once more people acquire the knowledge
they need to know to interact with today's fast paced
Technology then they can pass it down to their children, their
grandchildren, family and and whoever else is part of their
family, their skills that you can pass down.
You can pass these skills down and also the form of results
from applying those skills, such as let's say OK, I learned how
to be a really great cloud architect, so I went, I got a
really great job or maybe I decided to go the
entrepreneurial route and become an Amazon Web Services cloud
architect.
I use those skills to work for Amazon Web Services for like 2
years.
Then let's say I go and become an entrepreneur.
I do a consulting business and apply those skills over the
years to create a business or a successful company and
generational skills can eventually be converted into
financial freedom.
I forgot to time myself anyways, they can be converted into
financial freedom now.
Etg I'm really excited about this little acronym because I I
at least feel like I made it up on the fly when I say made it up
That's not.
like I sat there and I thought about it.
I'm like, what is a phrase or like what can I really explain
Thank you.
the actual umm situation that we're experiencing?
See something?
So it stands for exponential technological growth.
A lot more than that, which the love of goal.
I thought it would be cool to get creative on making an
acronym on what we're facing today as technology advances.
So EG does someone.
Does someone have a question?
Ohh OKUMETG is the result of new generational technology that is
constantly being created.
That's what exponential technological growth is.
We are in this phase right now.
It's we've been in this phase for the last few decades, the
last couple of decades, I'd like to say umm, in the past new tech
would be discovered or invented every couple of years.
Now every year there seems to be a new generation of technology,
you know?
So like I said, a new generation, not like a new piece
of technology or like ohh a new AI like a new generation every
single year.
It's something new these last few years, we've really just
been on this AI kick.
Before that, it was about like cryptocurrency and whatnot.
And then long time before that, it was just they start of, you
know, in the Internet and digital and everything like
that.
So each advancement has made a new way to make life more
convenient for us within the scope of ETG.
OK, so I know I I spent some time telling you why I chose
this topic.
So we're gonna go and see the definition.
Essentially, technological literacy or tech literacy is the
ability to learn, understand, and properly utilize technology,
and this must be done safely, responsibly and effectively.
You can't have a piece of technology and not properly, you
know, use it the way it should be.
So this slide is about the scope, the focus and the
objectives.
Upon my research I I found that these three things are important
to know when talking about technological literacy.
So for the scope, the scope really concentrates on the use
and understanding of technological tools and
resources available.
This essentially provides a better understanding of how to
operate and exist with modern technology.
The focus so on the slide I have proper navigation amongst mobile
devices, desktops, computers, laptops, smart devices and other
tech components.
The focus of technological literacy is about garnering the
necessary technical skills.
Using the right digital tools and efficiently use Technology
or the efficient use of technology.
Excuse me, it highlights how we can navigate and troubleshoot
every day in conveniences and in in terms of tech like the
inconveniences with tech or devices or anything related to
the digital aspect.
But it how?
That's how we can navigate and troubleshoot everyday
inconveniences.
It helps us operate and operate software and hardware and
continuously remain updated with modern technology.
That's like the focus.
The focus is to do all those things.
And the last bullet on this slide.
So for the objectives the the objectives of tech literacy is
to attain appropriate.
Basically, the education.
So to equip people with the required skills, knowledge,
education and training so they will know how to morally,
effectively and ethically use Technology, it's important to
note those vocabulary words in terms of ethically and morally,
because there's a lot of issues right now with child protection,
with the digital age and a lot of our young generation is is
unfortunately being exposed to really wrong things.
OK, so this next slide is best cybersecurity practices some of
the best cyber security practices include password
management, multi factor authentication, creation of a
cybersecurity policy.
I'm gonna talk a little bit more about that in a second.
Umm use of a VPN?
A virtual private network and using virus protection software.
So in terms of password management management without
proper password management, credentials can be compromised
through social engineering attacks or other methods of
attack.
Proper control and management of credentials can reduce the risk
of compromised data.
Some tips are to have different passwords for each account and
also when you're creating your passwords, make sure they're
lengthy and they have a good mixture of numbers, special
characters, symbols and and capital.
A variation of capital and lowercase letters as an
organization, employees must help to protect their
organizations existence and their image by protecting their
data, and you protect your data by having robust, great,
amazing, fantastic password management.
Those are one of the ways.
So in terms of multi factor authentication, multi or MFA,
MFA is a great way to protect your data, identity and Peace of
Mind.
It can be a bit of an extra chore when you just wanna log on
to an account or device, but it can save you the headache in
terms of keeping an attacker you know by like keeping an attacker
of like getting hold of your information and then pretending
to be you.
You can avoid that whole fiasco with you can potentially avoid
that whole fiasco.
I'm not guaranteeing, but it really increases the chances
when you have MFA.
Also, MFA adds an extra layer of security.
That's one of like, the main purpose of MFA adds to add an
extra layer of security.
So malicious actors can be deterred and not attack their
target.
And in terms of the cyber security policy, OK, so if
you're a business, but also if you're an individual, I really
believe the cyber security policy, it can go for both
sides.
It was mainly created for the corporate world, but I really
think especially moving forward in the digital space,
individuals really kind of need to take more control, not just
tech professionals, but individuals who just have
Technology as a device and whatnot.
I really think that it's also up to them which people are doing
that, but it's also up to them to take control of their own
information.
So you know, if you're a business or an individual, you
should want to take a look at how you want to protect your
data.
And within an organization, a cyber security policy helps to
keep everyone on the same page.
It helps to concentrate on how essential company security
practices will be employed in terms of a VPN, so a VPN is a
virtual private network.
It's important because there are more cyber attacks occurring
occurring within this ever developing tech landscape.
And with that in mind, it's important to protect your online
identity as well as your connection to the Internet and a
virus protection software.
So virus protection utilization, it provides security and
constant protection and it's important for all devices in
today's tech ecosystem, we're all interconnected just like IoT
and and and other devices.
I used to think that just because I have a you guys might,
I don't know if you laugh, but I used to think that just because
I have a Mac computer or an Apple product that I couldn't
get a virus.
Yes, I know very naive of me.
However, I was also learning about the IT space at the time
of when I had that mindset, and I was also growing with it as as
I was doing those things.
Technology was also being learned about more and and it
was also growing into various fields and sectors such as
healthcare, government and and what have you.
OK.
So this next slide, cybersecurity theories.
So I whenever I think of cybersecurity theories and I'm
also myself, like as a student, still remembering like the CIA
triad, is one of the foundations.
I think that people who are also learning about it or just
getting started or or learning the basics they should know at
least about these important theories.
So to understand the foundations of tech literacy is to
understand one of the most fundamental concepts in
cybersecurity theory.
And that's the CIA triad.
The acronym stands for Confidentiality, integrity and
availability.
Confidentiality represents accessing information and the
limitations that surround that type of access.
Confidentiality is main goal is to limit who has access to
sensitive information.
For organizations, that access is limited to specific persons
through certain rules and roles within organizations, there's
access that can be limited is essentially what I'm saying and
also integrity.
So integrity is about data remaining original and untouched
throughout transit, and also after it's reached its
destination and before transit just remaining untouched.
General, the data must not be deleted, changed, altered or
illegally accessed.
When it comes to availability, availability focuses on the
maintenance and continuous upgrading of technological
components, such as hardware, software and even networks,
which are intangible and other IT related components.
So with all that being said, in terms of the CIA triad and the
cybersecurity theories that that I see fit, these concepts are
the basis of properly protecting information and understanding
how important tech literacy really is.
I do look forward to individuals taking a moment to learn and
continuously remind themselves of these concepts.
Then maybe it can help them to mitigate potential threats and
inconveniences within their own networks.
So a couple of cybersecurity practices I know can be used for
an individual and an organization, and those are
(Network) segmentation and increased monitoring monitoring,
so network segmentation implementation involves
sectioning off certain parts of a network into subnets to keep
data separate and protected from the rest of the (Network).
These subnets become their own smaller network and it makes an
easier job for network admins to control the flow of network
traffic in terms of increased monitoring.
That's essentially when there's increased monitoring, monitoring
of an of network activity and it's being watched for any
anomaly or any weird kind of activity, potential threats or
data breaches.
So the foundational aspect is where the idea of me presenting
on the topic of tech literacy stemmed from.
When I think of tech literacy, I think of the basic tips, tricks,
and systems that individuals should have in place to properly
and efficiently navigate the tech landscape.
I feel like in cyber and in tech the the the world is so fast
paced and a lot of people are going to get left behind and we
don't want that to happen, especially as at least me as a
tech professional I don't want that to happen.
So in my personal life, I am going to do what I can to just
help educate people on just the basics.
Umm.
So in terms of the foundational aspects, some, some, some tips
that that people can follow are password use awareness, change
up your passwords often.
Also, knowing how to decipher a phishing email stems from what
we spoke about earlier information literacy and it's
importance on being able to understand fake emails versus
legit emails.
So another tip is to continuously update your tech
components such as you know if you need to update your
software.
I just updated my computer and my phone the other day and also
continue acquiring tech skills.
That's what we are all doing.
Here we are achieving an educational degree.
We are in this internship and we are garnering more skills.
Know how to close tabs.
OK, so this pertains to the people that don't know that they
can be closed, such as some elderly and tech illiterate
schedule individuals.
So in my personal experience, the reason why I had mentioned
before that I'm gonna do what I can on my end so that people
know about tech literacy is cause my grandmother she's.
I'm so grateful she's still alive, but she she doesn't.
Really.
She didn't really grow up in the digital age, and so from time to
time she's like Ohh Alexis.
Can you help me with the iPad?
If she wants to watch Netflix or something, and even my mom like,
they would just kind of ask me for tech things around the
house.
And I think as people who are in this digital space, we can all
do the same thing for whoever we consider our families or people
that we're really close to our friends, whoever we want to
help.
I think you know we're doing that already and I'm really
grateful to be a part of that. UM.
And then also deletion of unnecessary data.
I have a lot of, you know, unwanted or accidentally taken
photos unopened.
I have opened emails, unsaved numbers or text messages and
then I have an excess of open tabs which takes up a lot of
memory.
OK.
And a lot of processing power.
So I do my best.
I've been really doing a lot better with not having the tabs.
If I don't need them then close them.
If I don't need to watch 10 YouTube videos at once about
software development or something, and about personal
development, close them and keep like one or two, you know,
alright, I have been talking a lot on that slide.
So personal tech literacy strategies.
Now this is my personal slide, if you will.
I guess all the slides are personal, but this one so this
is really just about like my current practices.
So my current personal tech literacy maintenance.
What I'm doing right now is keeping my software updated and
changing my passwords often, or at least documenting what needs
to be changed.
Umm.
Documenting like writing down like ohh.
I realize I haven't changed this password since 2017.
Ohh, let me not tell him myself, but yeah, like if you haven't
changed the password for like 6 and that's too long.
Maybe like two or three years you should probably change it
right now.
Umm so ever since like this recent software upgrade that I
did between my phone and my laptop, my device is security
measures have increased by notifying me if my credentials
have experienced a data breach which surprise they did.
So I have to change my credentials.
I have to update a lot of things, so perhaps when I'm done
with this internship I'll take some time to do that because we
are still progressing in Technology.
So I find those things really helpful because it helps me
provide ohh it helps a reminder to give me a reminder and
further awareness that we must do our best to stay updated and
focus on protecting our information whenever we have the
control to do so.
Umm, so for the future, my own personal strategies for tech
literacy is to keep a fully offline log of important
credentials, pass phrases where security questions, pins and
other sensitive information.
This is to ensure that my important info is in in in all
in in one secure location whenever I need it.
I'd like to foster a better organizing routine from my data
to mitigate potential confusion about which locations, files and
documents and photos wherever like to find out where they
reside.
So these are my references.
Thank you for listening.
I hope you enjoyed this presentation just as much as I
enjoyed researching and preparing for it.
Any questions, comments.
Thank you so much.
Wonderful job, Alexis.
Thank you.
All right, it does not look like we have any questions.
We have one more presentation this evening and then we will be
all set.
Kyle, Are you ready to present?
Ah.
I think Kyle Habig wasn't able to make this one and he's going
to do his in his department meeting.
But now is a good time to say.
Does anybody else want to take a spot tonight?
If yours is ready and you want to present it tonight instead of
a date that's coming up, and then you can give that one up to
somebody else for later on.
We have an open spot.
And it kind of it puts you right there and.
On stage right, you're right there. You start.
Come on, somebody will do it.
I mean, have you done?
That's one less week of panicking and waiting to
We got.
present.
That's right.
Yeah, we got, we got people that needs the date swaps.
Yeah, there's we really do have people that need date swaps.
Uh, it looks like we have a taker, Cameron says.
He is ready.
All right, awesome.
So Cameron will be presenting on zero trust security.
He also said it up real quick.
Should have been here last week.
Man, I was throwing out 50 bucks.
Anybody that was gonna help out a couple intern swapping their
dates?
Yeah.
I mean, I think we had three from before.
We're gonna have two from tonight because there was
actually actually three of them from tonight.
That because they didn't show.
So that makes it difficult because we're tied on dates very
tight.
I did try to contact one of them and when I pulled him up in
teams it says he hasn't logged in since November 28th last.
Been on teams November 28th because you can hover over their
Well.
OK.
So let me they just aren't here anymore and I didn't know.
names.
I will take care of that, alright.
I graduated or dropped it.
Right.
Hello.
Can I?
Can you only hear me?
Yes, we can.
Give me a second.
I'm sorry it's taking a while.
You know, they're making these Wi-Fi.
OK, give me a second.
Thanks.
No.
And just a reminder, while you get set up, when you hit the
share button, if you have any videos in your presentation,
make sure you include computer sound.
OK.
Thank you.
Bye.
I mean.
One drive the raccoon presentation.
After rejoin real quick, so give me a second.
He broke it.
So how's it going?
Eating candy.
Being handy.
Dabes.
Hello.
A.
That's pretty.
Ah, Cameron, we can't hear you if you're talking.
I showed that you're not muted, but we are not hearing you.
You guys hear me now?
There we go.
A.
OK, sorry.
Can you guys see my presentation?
Yes, Sir.
Shiny.
It's pretty.
Alright, so hello everyone and welcome today.
Today I'm excited to share the insights into zero trust
security, the security model which has redefined
cybersecurity.
So I found this topic captivating, so I chose to
exploit deeply.
I aim to unpack it's complexities, present them in a
informative and actionable wait for all of us.
So let's start get started.
OK.
So on tonight's agenda, we will explore the world of zero trust
security.
We'll start by addressing 10 trust security involves followed
by evolution and history.
Then we'll explore the five principles that defined as zero
trust approach.
We'll also discuss the benefit that zero Trust brings to the
table.
Next, we'll talk about the seven steps.
You're trust framework implementation process.
Finally, we will conclude with the real world example
demonstrating zero trust and action.
Let's dive in and discover how zero trust is reshaping our
cybersecurity landscape.
So what is your address?
Security.
Excuse me, I'm a little sick.
The address security is an approach to network security
that essentially challenges the traditional trust but verify
concept by following and never trust.
Always verify philosophy.
This model dictates that no one inside or outside a network
should be automatically trusted, and that every attempt to access
a networks resources must be must be thoroughly verified.
The Zero Trust security concept emphasize a rigorous network
security posture that mandates verification of all identities.
Attempt to access network resources.
The security posture is based on on the principle that potential
threats exist outside and within the network, which requires
constant awareness.
So the zero Trust model operates under the assumption that
threats are all are constantly costly.
Present.
Excuse me?
Which demands that every entity undergoes thorough
identification validation processes before being granted
access.
Excuse me.
OK, so let's talk about the history of zero trust security.
The history of zero trust security goes back to its roots
through the evolution of cybersecurity, which has changed
from a basic concept to a sophisticated framework designed
to counteract model cyber threads.
As a as the cybersecurity landscape rapidly changes and
threats escalate in both complexity and frequency,
traditional security models have needed help to keep up.
This deficit paved the way for developing the zero trust
security model.
So the the original zero trust as a concept was built upon
earlier cybersecurity principles, but it was Jon
Kinvig during his time during his time as an analyst at for
some research who brought it to the forefront.
He's credited with the with coining the term and is best
known for his influential work.
No more chewy centers.
Excuse me.
Which laid the groundwork for the zero Trust Information
security model.
The early 2010 marked a period of increased cyber threats and
breaches, prompting organization to seek more effective defense
mechanism.
So in 2020, this led to a significant breakthrough when
the National Institute of Standards and Technology
published special Publication 800-207 offering a comprehensive
guide on zero Trust Security.
And our landing its core principles.
Zero trust security is not just a concept, but a strategic
imperative.
Today it has been widely adopted by organization globally as an
an essential component of their security posture to safeguard
against the ever evolving threat landscape.
Like why?
So the five principles of zero trust the five principle the the
five pillars of zero trust, security are essential
components that collectively establish the framework that is
designed to protect the modern digital work.
Whereas traditional security has become outdated, the first
pillar that we'll talk about is identity verification.
Identity verification is the core of the Zero trust security
because it means that it is always asking to verify the
identity.
It uses multi factor authentication and user
verification to ensure that the person requests and access to
the resources the right one.
So.
So the second pillar is device trust.
When a device is being used to access a resource, it will be
asked to verify itself before attempting to access the
resource.
The third pillar is the is least privilege, so this will restrict
access for using giving the minimum privileges who need to
perform their tasks.
This reduces their potential data breach from hackers who
have gained access to that account at Fort Biller is
microsegmentation.
Umm, this means that the network is divided into smaller pieces.
They can also known as zones, which makes it easier for
administrators to force security policies and prohibit lateral
movement inside the network if it happens, reducing if it
happens, reducing the impact on data and system.
So the last the last pillar is security monitor.
The last, excuse me, I think I missed this.
So the last principle is using tools to monitor and alert staff
of their appropriate threat level.
It will allow employees to analyze and use security
policies and vulnerabilities that have been found in the
framework.
OK.
The benefits of zero trust so is zero.
Trust enhances organizational security controls over networks.
Applications that data, it promotes his strategy restricted
on authorized access and internal network movements by
minimizing the attack Surface, Zero Trust reduces security
risk.
This security model and underscores the importance of
stringent access controls and ongoing verification to prevent
data breaches.
A four to five.
Security by a consistent consistently require
authentication and authorization for every system interaction.
The strategic framework boosts control over access and prevents
unauthorized movement within a (Network) zero trust.
Primary advantage is strengthening the organization.
Defense posture.
Ensuring every access request is rigorously authenticated and
authorized, significantly improving the overall security.
By by mending it.
But yeah, excuse me by mandating that every access request is
subject to strict validation, regardless of whether the
request will originate from within or outside organization.
So you're just ensures that only verify the users and devices can
interact with the system in a digital environment where
perimeter fences alone are insufficient.
Serial trust stands out as an as a comprehensive approach that
must that address the nature of threats.
The security model adapts to the evolving landscape of
cybersecurity threats and anticipates future challenges,
positioning, positioning, organization to defend himself
against an array of cyber risk with increasing sophistication.
OK.
So the seven step implementation of zero trust to implement zero
trust security within an organization is essential to
begin with, a team of experts that is picked from different
areas.
The next step is to identify the most effective point to start
incorporating zero trust principles, tailor it tailored
to the organization specific conditions and long term goals.
This involves a detailed review of existing security protocols
and a comprehensive framework that can be introduced.
To organization must then assess and adopt new technology that
align with the zero trust philosophy like enhance identity
management.
This paves the way for your launching critical security
initiatives, adjusting current operational processes to the new
model and automating where possible for efficiency.
Excuse me.
The final stage is ongoing process.
Putting these new measures into action, continually monitoring
their effectiveness, refining their approach to ensure it
meets the high standards of zero trust environment.
This is not a one time change, but a dynamic, evolving effort
that requires persistent agility to adapt to the ever changing
cybersecurity landscape.
So he has example of how it is used today.
Organizations are increasingly adopting zero trust security to
improve their operations.
It Problem example is GitLab where the shift to shift to zero
trust was pivotal when securing.
They're all remote workforce.
It was led by Security Chief Kathy Wang.
GitLab undertook get logical approach by first categorizing
database on sensitivity and then laying out a strategic road map.
This romarin braced technologies like single sign on and advanced
security analytics to authenticate access and verify
assets.
Get labs experience reflects a a trend where companies revamp
access protocols for new hires.
Implement network segmentation for data protection and
strengthen oversight of financial activities.
This is the successful incorporation of zero trust
across these varied facets, showcases flexibility and
effectiveness in today's digital security landscape.
And this is my references.
This concludes my PowerPoint.
Awesome.
Thank you.
Yeah.
Job do we have any questions?
Sorry, sorry for the coughing and still sick.
I've seen a hand.
Somebody put it down. What?
Don't apologize for coughing.
It's OK.
Yeah, I'd clear out the roller couple times, yeah.
Sorry, I put my hand up by mistake.
Thank you.
I'll now you gotta ask a question now.
No, I'll plead the 5th.
Plead the 5th.
Yeah, I'm playing the best.
All right.
Wonderful job, everybody who presented today.
You guys did amazing.
Boop boop.
Thank you.
Any final questions for anybody?
Q.
All right.
And with that, I am going to stop the recording.
Marjorie's here.
Don't do it.
It's a trap.
Or Marjorie can stop the recording.