Welcome to master class.
I'm sure everybody has either watched or heard about master
class at this point.
I would hope you all know the rules you get called by your
name and then you present.
If you're not hearing you miss a master class, I hope you have
something to make up, because if you make if you miss more than
once, you might have a issue graduating, OK?
Let's go.
Who's first on the list?
Is that Adama?
Yes.
OK, take it away.
Alright, I'm gonna present on my phone.
Because I'm still kind of at work.
Give me one moment.
It's loading up.
Oh my God.
I have to get out the meeting, yes.
OK.
We'll move on to the next person while you get your stuff fixed.
Just message me and let me know, OK.
Umm, is Larry here?
Yeah, I can present no worries.
OK, fantastic.
Hopefully I don't.
Alright, let's see share.
Presents presenting teams.
Presents.
OK.
Can everybody see this?
Yep.
OK, awesome.
OK, so I'm gonna be doing my presentation on computer viruses
and I'm just gonna go over a bunch of details about them.
So I hope you guys are excited.
Uh, OK.
So first of all I just wanna cover what is a computer virus.
So a computer virus itself is just a program that basically
just makes copies of itself and does whatever you program it to
be.
Uh on the computers, as it does so, it cannot it most of the
time.
It's like remaining dormant on the computers until somebody
actually tells it to do something.
So you shouldn't confuse it with like a worm, which in a
different sense is something that copies itself on its own
without the need of an input from somebody.
So the term viruses that oftentimes mistaken with the
same term of malware, which it's kind of been interchanged for a
long time, but there is a difference in the actual
definitions of what they are.
Umm.
And I just thought that would be important to cover because
you're always gonna hear somebody say ohh.
Like that is a antivirus software or anti malware
software.
So, OK, uh, so that that's just right here.
I'll go over just the more specific stuff about malware and
viruses where malware is just a general term for software that
is created with the intent to do harm to any tech like a computer
system, a network, things like that.
So a lot of the people, just as a preface, there was a lot of
people that were unfamiliar with technology, in cybersecurity and
the original beginnings of all of this stuff.
And they kind of interchange the terminology, but malware is
actually that general term that can cover things like
ransomware, spyware, Trojans, worms and viruses are more
specific.
Where it's I showed some examples here where it's a boot
sector virus, a browser hijacker, direct action virus.
These are all like very specific types of viruses that have been
made in order to hijack or penetrate the systems, and then
from there they do their own things.
Uh.
Here's the history of computer viruses.
So back in 1982, this is the first recorded.
I guess you could say computer virus which was later on named
Elk Cloner and it was actually created by a 15 year old which I
find insane but named Richard's Krenta.
It was actually a virus that spread using floppy disks and
what it would do was you would put in a floppy disk into the
machine that is infected.
The machine would actually copy the virus onto that floppy disk,
and then that floppy disk would then move on to infect other
machines.
Uh, the actual virus itself was a harmful in the sense that all
it did was display a poem on the 50th boot of the machine, and
every so you restarted the machine 50 times and then it
would show you some kind of poem.
In 1984, Fred Cohen actually coined the term virus for the
computer viruses and then in 1986 was the first recorded
malicious virus named Brain which was actually created by
two Pakistani brothers, could not find out which brothers they
were.
I'm sure that's somewhere it's hidden.
I couldn't, but that's all that information that I could find at
least.
And Brain was actually one of the viruses that gave rise to
all the people that were creating antiviruses right away
because people could see that it was a huge potential risk to
many countries and the entire world.
OK.
So moving on to the actual impact today, UMM, today
obviously as we all know malwares and all time high,
everybody has multiple devices throughout their homes.
Everybody has an iPhone.
Everybody has a TV, a computer, so there's a lot of data and a
lot of devices that could be hacked and gotten into.
Umm, the more common types of malware it would be ransomware,
phishing, spyware, not as much like just general viruses used
today as more complex systems.
I guess you could say.
And I had just listed here that under the cyber Security
Infrastructure Security Agency.
Uh, you can find a lot of weekly reports on vulnerabilities and
like monthly, weekly, daily new viruses that have been found in
software, and it can help you stay safe. Uh.
OK.
And my my last and biggest section is just a I now being
integrated with viruses can be a huge risk, but also a huge
benefit.
It just depends on how you're gonna use it.
I think with AI being used for an antivirus software and being
implemented on all networks on firewalls and whatnot will be a
huge help to a lot of companies to stay safe and but also at the
same time the attackers are going to be using AI integrated
in their scripts when they are creating viruses when they're
going to be attacking with ransomware.
All that kind of stuff.
So I think down at its core, it's gonna come down to just the
AI versus AI constantly fighting against each other.
And it's like at which point is that even humans fighting at
this point, and I guess it's already kind of been that since
it's scripts and automated software that fights each other.
Umm, so it's kind of been that way for not too long of a time.
OK.
And here are just my reference page 123.
Thank you for everybody for listening.
And if there are any comments, questions, concerns, that'll be
awesome.
Cool, I think.
I think we're good.
Alright, thank you.
Great job.
I.
Amada, do you wanna go next?
Take it away.
Alright, sorry about that.
Umm.
Umm, I'm trying to share my screen.
Not letting me.
OK, there it is.
Start like this.
OK.
Are you guys able to see my screen?
Yeah, we could see it.
Yep.
OK, so today I'm going to discuss something different from
everybody.
I know everybody's doing like, umm, information technology, AI
and all that.
Well, my career is with the military and I am a signal
support specialist, so I'm going to teach you all about how to
perform voice communications and operate sincgars.
So today's task, well, this is how we present in the military.
We do task conditions and standards, so the task is to
instruct and Trang fellow not service members, but interns how
to perform voice communications and operate sincgars to the
standard.
The conditions would be in a classroom setting with heat and
AC of the standards is to execute the voice communication
with proper at radio etiquette and operate sincgars with
operation requirements.
The risk is low environment conditions I mentioned before,
so now we're gonna discuss the actual voice communication on
the picture.
On the right is the little hand mic and on his back is the
actual radio that we use to communicate in the military.
So the conditions is that every member gets operational radio
and they have to set the frequency.
They will get a call sign information card that will have
their position, their call sign name and in this situation the
network is secure so there's no authentication required.
Authentication on a network when we were talking on the radio
means that like there will be a challenge password where if
somebody trying to join the net they have to get the challenge
password correct.
The NCS is the person that's controlling the radio traffic,
so radio traffic can be seen from all over the world.
Umm all over the every country you can think of on the radio
traffic can go through so you can see the NCS as an emergency
dispatcher and they have to always remain professional
because there will be generals and higher ups that are
listening.
Annette call sign is all the call signs, which are represent
all the stations within the net.
So the performance steps one, we get a valuated on this.
So you have to be able to.
Put in the frequency and the network on the radio and then
you have to make sure you follow the little call sign or the
mission requirements and you respond to the NCS that's
issuing the call and make sure that you're using proper radio
etiquette and you answer it in alpha numeric sequence and this
is an example so you would be like net.
This is echo tree echo over and then they would repeat that and
then their call sign.
And then also we don't use regular alpha numeric sequence.
There's a specific way you have to say it.
It's like 012 and so on and this is the uh fanatic alphabet that
we use.
It's ABC and so on.
It's just the alphabet we used to represent certain letters.
And then there's radio etiquette.
We don't like talk normal sentences.
So like if you wanna repeat yourself, you would say I say
again, you kind of dumb it down.
So there's not like a long radio traffic.
These are examples like Roger.
That means, like you understand and then these are more examples
break like you're done.
And then you can also send messages through these radios.
You have to make sure that the net is clear, so try not to
interrupt. Anybody.
Umm make sure if there's a priority or an emergency that
you are contacting the right people on the network.
And then this is what I just explained.
And then also you have to leave the network correctly.
Umm, so the NCS, the person who's in charge of the radio
traffic will let you know when it's gonna get closed down.
This is just an example.
So something that's important that you should know what the
NCS is and what their purpose is, which is the net control
station is responsible for all the radio traffic.
Another one that you should know if you are doing a performing
radio communications is the maximum number of people on the
net, which is as many as the operator as the operation needs,
and that's how you would get evaluated.
You have to make sure you're doing the right alpha numeric
sequence.
You send the message?
Umm, a very concise and you leave the net correctly and
these are references like the Soldier Warrior skills.
It has more information on how we communicate through the
radios.
So now we're gonna discuss about the actual radios that we use
there.
The waveform we use is sincgars, which is single channel and
airborne radio system on the bottom right corner is the
actual like screen of the radio.
There's the display, the little keyboard where you put the
network, the networks be like FM stations, so it could be like
555 or three point something.
Anything that everybody's using, make sure you're using the same
one.
You can change the channels and then you can connect the little
hand mic.
They're pretty old, and then the top picture is how it actually
looks like.
The little radio, they're very old, but effective.
It is VHF and FM.
It is able to transmit and receive voice and data.
It has like 202,320 channels between 30 to 88 megahertz,
which is really good.
It's able to operate in a hostile environment through the
ECM, which is the electronic counter countermeasure.
And like I mentioned before, the voice and data is very good for
support of the command and control operations.
So with these radios, we can talk to people from across the
country.
And then terminology, the SIM cards I mentioned before is the
single channel ground in radio operating system.
The command that radio is just the single channel voice and
data radio.
The NPRC is just the Army Navy, portable radio communication and
the unit.
Soi is the unit signal operation instructions.
The TM is just literally a technical manual where it shows
you the instructions of whatever the item is, and then you get
that sincgars radio and you have to be able to operate it in
single channel mode.
Singers like I mentioned before, single channel ground and
airborne radio system.
How many channels and frequency?
It's 2320 channels between 30 to 88 megahertz and then these are
the performance steps on how to properly do the sangars.
So you have to do the starting procedures.
You load traffic encryption key.
These radios have encryption inside of it and you can load
the actual tech inside with an escape L.
And so if somebody doesn't have the encryption key, if you talk
to them on the radio, it'll come out as muffled, cause they don't
have the encryption key.
So you have to make sure that everybody on your team that
you're trying to communicate with has the encryption key, or
you're not gonna be able to decipher anything that they're
saying through the radios.
Make sure you know how to enter the network, which is easy.
Everything's given to you and then conduct a secure
communications check.
Just make sure that you can hear whatever you're talking to you.
Prepare for a control monitor for operation.
You can change the radio functions using the control
monitor so you can change it from channel to channel.
There are different channels, so you could talk to different
networks on different channel depending on who you're talking
to or what country you're talking to.
And this how you would get evaluated.
Make sure you load everything correctly.
Enter the network and you change the radio functions and make
sure you zeroize it before like when we end and stop using the
radios you always make sure that you zeroize it because just for
security reasons.
And then these are the references that you can look up
to know more about these radios and how communications work.
This is not just for the army.
It can be for any branch.
Honestly, every branch uses it.
Is there any questions?
Use zero is green gear when you're done with it.
What?
What is it?
Zero wise green gear when you're done with it.
Yeah, you can if you want to.
Depending on where you're securing it or like your
instructions, but most of the time we zeroize it and get
everything out of it.
Oh my God.
I had no idea but but.
Yeah.
When you're is for people who don't know, zero rising in most
military equipment destroys it.
That's why I asked.
Yeah.
Uh, who's next?
Brisny is not gonna be able to do it right now.
Dominic Mora.
Uh, yeah, sure.
I can go give me one second to get prepped up here.
Umm.
Did you like present in teams when you got the presentation
out?
Or did you just like share screens?
Who, me?
Mostly asking the other people who did the presentation like
how they specifically presented it.
Uh, you can present in any way you want to, as long as people
can see what you're doing.
Sometimes if you're sharing audio, you have to make sure to
come in and share audio.
Other than that, yeah.
OK.
Umm, we one second here, then let me go ahead and get it
pulled up.
What did you do?
OK.
And let me.
Share here but to do.
Uh.
Let's see here.
Can you guys see that?
Yep.
OK.
Like go, go. Go.
Alrighty.
So my name is Dominic Mora and my master class presentation is
on the history of mobile phones.
To start, we should probably discuss what torture devices
will be included in this presentation in order to keep
this master class from being over 40 pages long.
There are two restrictions placed on the inventions being
discussed today.
First, the device in question, should it be made as the first
invention of its kind, never been made before?
However, if this was the only restriction, this would exclude
reinventions that shape.
The course of the future, such as the telephone or the iPhone.
As such, these improvements upon existing inventions are also
valid as long as they're also the 1st in their line.
This master class will be covering over 200 years of
mobile communication history, covering a storied history
spanning from the invention of the Telegraph to where we are
today, as well as a small glimpse into the future.
We'll be exploring some leaves in the evolutionary tree that
you most likely didn't know existed.
For example, did you know that the iPhone wasn't the first
touch screen phone, or even the first phone to be controlled
with your finger?
Because before researching this topic, I definitely didn't.
But before I get ahead of myself, let's take it back to
the beginning without going as far as smoke signals or messages
delivered by men on horseback, the first electrical means that
communication was devised into 1700s, known as a Telegraph.
This was made possible by multiple combined inventions to
name a few.
The invention of an electric battery in 1800, the creation of
the first electric motor in 1821, and the development of the
first electromagnet in 1825.
This is the Telegraph used these inventions together to send
electrical impulses through a wire.
All that was left was the creation of a language that
could be understood by humans on the receiving end of the
impulses.
There were developments in England using their telegraphs
and with needles as a form of communication, but in the United
States, Samuel Morse instead focused on developing a form of
the Telegraph that could be heard rather than seen through
long and short electrical impulses.
And Alphabet was born in 1835, and by 1838 Moore presented his
communication concept to Congress.
While he wasn't the first to invent the Telegraph, he was the
1st to get political backing and boast of business model as well.
In 1943, a Telegraph system from Washington, DC to Baltimore W
Built and in May 1844 the first message was sent.
Exclaiming what hath God wrought?
Do following the invention of the Telegraph, Alexander Graham
Bell was responsible for the telephone working in conjunction
with electrical engineer Thomas Watson.
They aim to improve the electric Telegraph by making it easier
for those on both ends to communicate.
The premise was pretty simple.
Instead of sending code from one person to another that requires
an operator to translate, why not speak in both languages that
both already understand?
This led to the development of the acoustic Telegraph, which
would transmit the human voice over a wire despite not having a
working telephone yet.
Bell had filed for a patent in February 1876 for transmitting
vocal or other sounds.
Bell had eventually shown a working prototype in 1876 at the
American Philadelphia Centennial.
The Bell Telephone Company was founded in 1877, which would
later become what we now know as AT&T in the 20th century,
communication devices began to lose their wired tether and gain
mobility.
This trend started with pagers, which were also known as
beepers.
These were first invented in 1921 and used by the Detroit
Police Department.
But it wasn't until 1949, when the first telephone pages were
developed and patented by algebras, these telephone pages
were initially used in New York City's Jewish Hospital and were
not intended to be used as a consumer device.
Pages were mostly used for communications between emergency
responders, including police officers, firefighters and
medical professionals.
In fact, it took nearly ten years for the FCC to approve the
pager for public use, which was done in 1958.
Let's lead to Motorola developing a personal radio
communications product a year later in 1959, although these
never found commercial success until the Motorola Page Boy in
1964.
The pager continued to evolve and is even still in use today
with emergency responders, as pagers do not get bogged down by
modern cellular network congestion and provide instant
and reliable communication and any disastrous events.
While the invention of pagers made wireless radio frequency
communication a possibility, a similar invention called a
walkie talkie was also shaping the future of mobile
communications.
The actual identity of the inventor of the walkie talkie is
debated, with the honor being attributed to either Donald
Hings or the Galvin Manufacturing Corporation, known
by US now as Motorola.
Hines was the first to make developments towards a more
portable radio device, with his first recorded test being done
as early as 1930, broadcasting devices distinctly between a
plane and the air, and a Telegraph operator on the
ground.
This eventually it culminated into the C58 in 1937, which was
meant as an emergency voice communications device for
geologists and pilots.
However, the godfather of Walkie talkie is that we're familiar
with is courtesy of a joint effort between the Galvin
Manufacturing Corporation and the US Army, which began as the
SCR 319.
40 which is what's pictured up here.
This is the back chat.
This is the backpack transceiver that earned the name Walkie
Talkie.
What the apparatus shouldered on someones back and a traditional
phone grip for someone else to facilitate communication.
A hint of the device, called the SCR 536, was developed in the
same year.
This was called the Handy Talkie, which was a more
portable version of the other.
One of the moniker Handy Talkie never caught on.
Any subsequent evolutions have adopted the smaller handset size
while being called walkie talkies.
These handheld devices were found in police cars in 1941 and
deployed on World War Three, World War Two Battlegrounds
around 1943.
The walkie talkie like pagers are still in use today and
continue to evolve overtime.
Motorola continued to lead the charge and evolving the walkie
talkie, utilizing something known as specialized Mobile
Radio, which was an analog wireless technology allocated
for two way radio systems by the FCC in the 1970s.
When cell phones began to gain prevalence, Nextel worked with
Motorola to develop a digital version of SMR in 1991, allowing
Motorola to include walkie talkie functionality on devices
that were not analog.
Nextel also developed a network for this digital version of SMR,
which was called iden short for integrated digital Enhanced
network.
This took advantage of existing GSM infrastructure, providing 2
way digital radio service, wireless phone services, texting
services and data services at 96 kilobits per second.
This eventually shut down in 2013, but the 800 megahertz
spectrum used by item was repurposed by Sprint to
incorporate into their LTE spectrum.
Speaking of Sprint Cellular Network, we should probably take
a step back and discuss the development of a cell phone, or
at least a concept of a cell network.
As we previously discussed, two way radio phones had been in use
by the police in the military before World War Two.
Although they had their limitations, especially as it
relates to the range at which two people could communicate,
especially also with the limited spectrum, people could use the
communicate anything to remedy this.
Bell Labs was experimenting with the concept of a cell network in
the 1970s.
This network will be made of hexagonal cells.
Each cell containing a base station that compatible phones
would connect to a JSON sells would operate at different
frequencies to avoid interference, and phones would
switch frequencies as they moved from 1 cell to another to avoid
clogging up different parts of the radio spectrum.
This resulted in the Bell Labs advanced mobile phone system, or
amps, at the end of the 70s, which you and I may know better
as 1G, the first handheld phone for this 1G network was
developed by Martin Cooper, who was an engineer at Motorola.
The prototype was first tested in 1973 and weighed about 2
kilograms, even heavier than the production version that we know
of today.
The consumer version of this phone was the Motorola Dynatac
8000X, which was released for the public in 1984.
Even after nine years of development and refinement, the
phone still weighed over a kilogram, which earned it the
nickname the brick.
Even in 1984, this phone was reserved for the wealthy with an
asking price of three $1995, which is the equivalent of over
$12,000 in today's money.
Despite its immense weight and eye watering price of entry, the
brick is still revered fondly as one of the first inventions that
brought mobile telephones to the general population after the
invention of the mobile telephone.
Subsequent improvements focused on giving the phone more
functionality.
The first phone to be considered a smart phone was the Simon
personal communicator, which was announced by IBM in 1992 and
released in 1994.
This phone relied on a stylus to operate the screen and for a
business person in the mid 90s, this phone could do everything
you could ever want it to do, notably the ability to send and
receive emails and the ability to use a calendar and an address
book.
While touch screen devices were implemented in 1994, it would
take a few years for them to trickle down into the more
mainstream devices, notably 2 years after the release of the
Simon personal communicator was the Nokia 9000 Communicator,
which was the first cell phone with Internet capability despite
the phone having the ability to connect to the Internet, the
actual viability of accessing the Internet was limited due to
extraordinarily high prices set by Internet operators at the
time.
Like many of the inventions in this presentation, this phone
suffered by being ahead of its time on the topic of being ahead
of its time.
The first smartphone to have a screen that could be controlled
by your finger was the LG KE850, which is also known as the LG
Prada.
This phone was announced in 2006 and launched in 2007 as a
collaboration between LG and the Fashion company product.
This phone came up before Android's inception and was
announced before the iPhone, so it was built on a proprietary
flash operating system, which was reviewed at being half baked
and unintuitive.
Even at the time as an example, despite this phone having the
ability to recognize your finger as an input method, the keyboard
used on the phone screen was T9, short for text on Nikes, which
to the unaware was the method of typing where you hit a certain
number on a 10 digit keypad a number of times to select your
letter, such as pressing the #2A total of three times to select
the letter C as this was a collaboration with a luxury
fashion brand, the price of the phone was also incredibly high
at the phones launch costs.
The equivalent of over $1300 in today's money, which nowadays
would get you the best possible iPhone even after tax.
And Speaking of the iPhone, this is the device that took the
world by storm and redefined what we consider a smartphone to
be.
With this influence still felt today, 17 years after the fact,
Apple was already a successful company before the launch of the
iPhone with their MP3 players on his iPods and their computer is
known as IMAX.
Being a household names, the iPhone was marketed as all of
these products combined into one.
Functioning as a cell phone, iPod and computing a device that
fits in your pocket, the phone also had a capacitive touch
screen.
Using your finger to control the interface, but unlike the LG
product, it used a QWERTY keyboard.
Which of the keyboard layout that we're familiar with, at
least for keyboards meant for the United States, the iPhone
could also connect to existing 2G networks and was a device
exclusively sold by SINGULAR, which we now know as AT&T.
The iPhone wasn't without flaws.
At launch, for example, the first iPhone had no App Store,
no ability to change your wallpaper, and the camera lacked
the flash for low light situations.
The original iPhone launched at a price of 499 and 599, which in
today's money is surprisingly close to the iPhone fifteens
launch price of 799, serving as meaningful competition to the
iPhones.
Called following hardware for a new operating system known as
Android was developed by HTC.
The resulting phone was known as the T-Mobile G1 or the HTC
Dream.
This phone was announced in 2008 and was technically the second
device designed by the Android team.
The original plan was to launch a BlackBerry style device with
the full keyboard underneath the screen, but after the iPhone was
unveiled in 2007, the original device design had to be scrapped
in order to compete with Apple.
This device was also not without flaws.
For example, while the phone supported the email
functionality, it couldn't synchronize this information
with computers, nor could it synchronize any sort of like
calendar or contact information.
Reviews of the phone were mixed, although A-Team Mobile did
consider the phone to be a success, reporting that in April
2009 / 1,000,000 G Ones were sold, accounting for 67% of the
devices on its 3G network.
As smartphone evolution began to stagnate in the late twenty 10s,
manufacturers looked to other creative means of developing new
form factors.
From this, the concept of a foldable smartphone was born.
The core fundamental of a folding phone at the time was to
have a regular smartphone when you needed it, but when unfolded
you could have a tablet when you wanted it.
The sales pitch eventually boiled down to a tablet that
would fit in your pocket.
The first foldable smartphone was created by a small company
called Royal, which released a phone known as the Flex Π in
2019.
Royals main priority was being the first company to push a
foldable smartphone to the market and in their earnest to
be the first kind of significant number of corners, namely the
software on the phone, was notoriously buggy and
unfinished, and the hardware reeked of compromise.
Most smartphones have a touch screen protected by glass, but
the problem with glass that it doesn't bend in order to make a
screen that can actually bend for a phone.
The screen of the flex of the Flex pipe was made of plastic.
However, since plastic is a bendable material, that
scratches significantly easier, it says the phone folded along
the exterior of the phone.
The screen was on the outside of it.
The phone will get scuffed and damaged very heavily if we were
inserted into pocket or laid flat on the table.
The second foldable smartphone to hit the market was a Samsung
Galaxy fold, which was announced a month after the Royal Flex Pie
with a slated release date of April 2019.
The phone had two screens, one of which was an outer screen
protected by glass, and the folding screen was along the
interior of the phone, protected when the phone was folded shut.
Overall, this phone was significantly more refined than
the flex pie, but only for a couple of days after being in
the hands of reviewers, Galaxy Fold devices were breaking out
at alarming rates, which each review device breaking in a
different way.
Some the pixels on the inner display died along the crease.
For others, debris entered through the gaps of the hinge
into the crease.
Most commonly, reviewers attempted to peel the top layer
of the screen off of the phone, assuming that it was a screen
protector and not an integral part of the display, and the
wake of the negative media attention, Samsung cancelled the
folds launch and refunded any preorders after taking a few
months to work out the fatal flaws in the device, Samsung
Read launched the Galaxy Fold in October of 2019.
There were various improvements made to the durability of the
device.
First, the top layer of the screen now extended underneath
the plastic bezels so people wouldn't accidentally peel it
off.
Second, the gap around the hinge was reduced to help prevent
debris from entering the body of the phone, and similarly, a
metal layer was installed between the hinge and the screen
to stop debris from being directly applied.
Pressure to the screen.
Additionally, Samsung promised fold owners are one time inner
screen replacement at a discounted rate of $150.00 for a
device that retailed for nearly $2000.
The phone was too played with compromises to be directly
recommended to consumers, but Samsung is still producing folds
to this day, which with each year resulting in fewer
durability compromises.
This begs the question, what are manufacturers working on next?
Obviously, companies like Apple and Samsung are tight lipped on
what information they plan to share about.
They are coming devices, so they can't conclusively see what the
next evolution will look like.
However, both companies have filed interesting patents and
shown off Bleeding Edge concepts that provide a peek into what
could be coming next.
Notably, Apple is developing an under display camera array that
would work underneath the glass of the phone.
The sensors needed for face ID and for the camera would be
behind the glass.
The patent mentions a digital filter that we that would be
applied to captured images to reduce distortion with a
dedicated processor focused on differentiating between an image
captured for facial recognition or for a picture just for the
sake of adding a picture, rumors placed the under display camera
to arrive in 2027 with the face ID technology being the biggest
hurdle for apples engineers, which obviously the 2027 date
isn't confirmed by anyone.
It's just rough figures there now, under display cameras are
nothing new.
They've been in developed, they've been developed in cell
phones for years at this point in the Americas, the most
notable implementation of an under display camera can be
found on Samsung Z Fold four and Z Fold 5 devices with the pixel
density of the screen is reduced above the camera to allow light
to shine through.
In the Asian market, there are devices that have under screen
displays that can see through normal display without the need
to lower the pixel density.
Although the quality of the pictures leaves a lot to be
desired, there's a lot of evolution that still needs to
take place there.
Apple is also developing a foldable display similar to
Samsung Fold and FLIP series of phones, apples patents
specifically aimed at correct the cracking found in modernist
foldable displays, which is a common issue plaguing Samsung's
brand of ultra thin glass devices.
Specifically, apples patent aims to correct this cracking through
foldable display with a higher hardness and tensile strength,
as well as an outer protective layer that can sustain more
strain before fracture.
Samsung is also developing a display that can be folded in
addition to being extended, this has made possible with the
extended part of the display being rolled into the body of
the device.
While feature devices most likely would not bend and
extend, the demo is shown is merely to show that it
flexibility of the displaying question.
More likely this will result in either foldable phones with
stronger displays or in new type of phone that is extended when
you want a larger screen and rolled back when you want a
smaller device.
Yes, that was a lot to cover.
So I thank you all for your time and willingness to listen.
Are there any questions?
OK.
With that, that was the whole thing is all the work cited.
I appreciate you guys for listening.
That was fantastic.
Who do we have next?
I think I'm next the other Dominic.
There's.
Gotcha.
OK, you wanna go?
Sure.
I mean, that's a hard act to follow.
But let me give this a shot.
All right, everybody see my screen.
Yes.
Perfect.
Good evening and welcome to my presentation about single sign
on what is single sign on single sign on is an authentication
method that allows users to sign in using one set of credentials
to multiple independent software systems.
Using SSO means a user doesn't have to sign in to every
application they use.
It also makes password management simpler for both the
user and the organization.
There are a number of options when it comes to SSO which
include both on premise as well as cloud based solutions.
One on premise option is Identity Server 4 which is an
open source solution that we will briefly touch on as an
option, but we'll focus more on cloud based solutions,
particularly Azure B2C.
Note the founders of Identity Server have since created a
company called Duende which is still free for dev testing,
personal projects, and companies with less than $1,000,000 in
annual gross revenue.
Other cloud based solutions include Auth 0 and AWS cognito.
Let's start with the disadvantages of SSO.
Why would one not want to implement SSO if an attacker
gains access to a user's SSO credentials, they can gain
access to every app it is connected to, unless MFA is
enabled.
It can require specialized knowledge to implement.
It can be costly and time consuming to maintain and a bad
implementation can be really bad or an organization.
For example, user X logs into SSO, but due to a bug in the SSO
code and or logic gets claims for user Y, the application
thinks that the logged in user is user X instead of user or
sorry user Y instead of user X.
This is particularly bad if user Y has elevated permissions to
the application that user X should not have.
Not only does this look bad for the organization, but it could
also present a serious security risk.
Another example is what happens if an ID PU are integrated with
changes their claims.
This could cause an error on your SSO and would require
updating your configuration.
There are a whole organizations that specialize in
authentication solutions.
Next, we'll talk about the advantages of SSO.
Why would an organization want to spend the time and resources
to implement SSO?
In most cases it will be the same login user experience
across applications.
Once a user is logged into one application, they are logged
into all the connected apps.
Users have fewer usernames and passwords to remember, which
leads to decreased password fatigue.
Users are less likely to have eager to guess passwords, and
users are less likely to write down passwords on post it notes
kept under their keyboards.
It also provides simplified password management for
administrators.
There is one place to reset a password.
Disable an account or lock, unlock an account and finally
you can also enforce common password policies across all the
applications.
This includes MFA password complexity and password
expiration.
Let's look at a scenario for an organization that does not have
SSO implemented while he's with the company, John Smith has to
set up his network credentials as well as register different
usernames and passwords for different applications.
This can be particularly difficult on John if the
applications have password expirations and from the
organization's point of view, if John Smith leaves the company
then it can be difficult to remember or even know all the
accounts he set up.
If the organization misses one or more than the accounts, then
there could be at risk.
Now let's look at a scenario for an organization that does have
SSO implemented.
In this scenario, the user only has to set up their network
credentials.
The username and password go through the same login user
experience to access all of the applications.
If they update their password, it automatically propagates
through to all of the different systems from the organization's
point of view.
If the user leaves the company, they just need to disable the
network login and use and the user will automatically lose
access to all of the applications.
The company can also enforce the same password policies across
all the applications, which is good for compliance.
Let's look at some of the available SSO solutions.
Starting with Identity Server 4, although the creators of
Identity Server have moved on to develop a commercial product, it
is still a popular project and used by many people.
It's an open source project and unlike the cloud based solutions
identity server four has fixed costs.
It is an open source project.
It runs on on premise gear.
It can integrate with an ASP net membership SQL database for
local logins and it supports integration with external IDP's.
Supported protocols include SAML 2, OAUTH and OIDC side note.
It can also be deployed in the cloud, which can be a good
option for organizations that want to control the technology
stack and code combined with the availability and scalability
that comes with being on the cloud.
Next, we look at all zero.
All zero is a cloud based identity platform that provides
solutions for authenticating and authorizing users across
applications.
It simplifies the process of implementing and managing
authentication and authorization.
It does run on the cloud, supports local logins with
credentials stored on the Auth 0 tenant, and supports integration
with external Idps.
Again, support protocols are sampled too.
OAUTH and OIDC note all zero is free for up to 7500 active
users.
Next we have AWS cognito.
It is an AWS cloud based solution that comes with the
scalability and reliability of AWS like Identity Server and
about zero.
It supports SAML, OAUTH and OIDC integration for external Idps.
This brings us to Microsoft Azure, B to C Microsoft has a
number of identity solutions, but B to C is their SSO solution
that integrates with external IDP's.
It supports the same protocols as the other SSO solutions we
have talked about today and is backed by the scalability and
reliability of Microsoft Azure.
As you can see, integrating B to C with a net API is actually not
a lot of code.
The first block is added in the startup Dot CS or program Dot CS
file depending on the version of net you're working with, we're
gonna ignore NET Framework because that's the redheaded
stepchild these days.
The second block just requires adding to authorized decorator
to the endpoint or controller.
There's a little more to adding it to the UI side.
In this case it react single page app but it's not that bad
if you're familiar with REACT.
When testing registrations and single sign on, it is helpful to
be able to create disposable email addresses, testing updates
to the process can take numerous attempts and trying to maintain
hundreds of real email addresses is not a realistic option.
Trust me, I've tried.
Demo time.
This is always an adventure because you never know what
might go wrong in a live demo, we will start with.
The Azure B2C tenant, hopefully you guys can see my browser
window over my presentation now.
Umm.
As you can see, Azure B2C has its own section within the Azure
console.
The app registration section is where you link your different
apps to your single sign on solution.
The identity providers is where you can link to different IDP's.
Keep in mind these pretty much only apply to the user flows,
the user flows are the basic sign up sign in, reset passwords
paths that you can create and manage in the UI, but give you
extremely limited functionality which if you need more powerful
or more flexibility that requires going to the custom
policies which they call identity experience framework.
So to give you an idea of what that looks like.
The policies are XML based.
It starts with a base policy which is provided by Microsoft
and they highly recommend not updating this policy.
On top of that, policy sets the localization policy.
This is where you can create different translations for your
login, sign up sign in screens if you wanna do it in different
languages.
This is where you would put those different text on top of
that, since your extensions file, this is where you have all
your custom custom claims.
Your custom UI also has your journeys and your external light
app integrations.
This gives you a lot more flexibility than using the user
flows.
Now if we go back, I can actually demo how this actually
what this looks like.
What you'll notice is I'm not actually signed in, but I'm
going to sign in with the same username and password that I
used to sign into all my computers, including my Azure
account, my laptops, even Mac.
You can integrate with local ad and sync out to a Azure Active
Directory.
From here you notice I can now go to another app.
And I am logged in.
And if I go back to.
Original app I can go to yet another app which again the only
reason why that selector comes up is because I'm logged into
multiple accounts in Chrome.
But if we want to actually look at the claims, we can actually
see what his game passed from the.
Azure AD through B to C and to the uh application.
On the bright side, nothing crashed during my demo.
Here's a visual of the flow that I just demonstrated.
And of course, when it comes to logins, have any detailed
logging and error tracing are available?
Is nice to have and you can.
It's available through Azure App Insights.
We want to take a quick look before I end this.
What that looks like?
You can actually see the process.
You can see the integrations and you can see how it's integrated
going back to through your user journey.
Any questions?
I think.
All right, that was really good too.
Who do we have next on the list?
Let me check.
Kyle.
Hi, can you guys all hear me?
Umm.
Right.
Awesome.
I will go ahead and share my screen.
Alright, can you all see that?
Yeah.
Alright, I'll just a heads up.
I have been sick all week, so if I have any long pauses you might
need to just kind of bear with me for parts of this.
But yeah, I'll just go ahead and get started here.
So my presentation is on Google Page rank algorithm.
So just to jump right into this, search engines that were popular
before Google, such as Yahoo, ranked their pages based on the
keywords used in the search and their placement in frequency and
pages on the web.
This was not ideal, however, because if I were to search for
the phrase, say Microsoft back then instead of Microsoft's
website being one of the top search results, it was possible
for a web page containing only the word Microsoft thousands of
times to appear more relevant.
This led to some problematic results where website creators
would add popular search terms and phrases to their website
despite them not being relevant to the web pages content.
This practice of overloading web pages with lots of different
keywords led to poor search results, but thanks to those at
Google, they had a solution.
When Google went online in the late 1990s.
Yes.
Well, I think I think my slides are off.
Ohh never mind, sorry.
I don't have the keys or anything.
You gotta talk to mom about that.
I'm in a meeting.
I think someone's got a hot mic, it sounds like.
Yeah, that would be me, my bad.
That's no problem.
So yeah, when Google went online in the late 1990s, one thing
that set it apart from other popular search engines was the
fact that it was more likely to deliver the good stuff that
users were looking for up front when using other search engines.
It was not uncommon to need to browse through pages and pages
of results in order to find the website that you were looking
for.
Much of what made Google search so effective was the use of its
developed page rank algorithm, which essentially ranks the
importance of the pages of your search results.
This allowed Google to present the most important results 1st,
and those were usually the most helpful and relevant to the
user.
Search search engines must be capable of three basic steps.
Web crawling indexing the results and figuring out which
of those results are the most relevant web crawling
essentially seeks out what pages exist on the web.
Because there is no centralized database of all websites on the
Internet, Google has to seek out websites with every search.
This also is sometimes called URL discovery and uses recently
visited pages as well as links from popular pages to make the
search.
This process of crawling billions of web pages is done
using huge systems of computers at Google.
Indexing involves Google search trying to understand what each
page is about.
The step evaluates the text content and HTML tags such as
title, elements, image, alternate texts and more.
The third stage is what this presentation will primarily be
about.
It is important to it is important for the search results
from your search to be relevant.
Google's algorithm takes all of the index search results and
ranks them in order by their importance and relevancy to what
was searched.
The algorithm works by considering all web pages from a
search plotted as a nodes.
Each website can give out one point of importance.
The number of links to a page determines it's overall weight,
and pages with more links to them are weighted greater.
Using this approach to give each website an overall important
score effectively ranks the importance and relevancy to the
web pages in your search results.
So for an example of how this works, let's consider the entire
Internet being just four websites in the image here,
links between websites ABC&D are represented with arrows
connecting them.
Consider each website as having one point of importance to give.
So since website a only has one link.
It would give its entire important importance point to
website B, since website B has two links to other pages, it's
single point would be split into two half points.
Giving half an importance point to websites C and half a point
to website D.
Website.
See also has two links, so it will also give half an
importance point to websites A&D.
And finally, website D will give half an importance point to
websites A and website B.
Now these values can be organized in a matrix to allow
for computations to be done.
Each website will be assigned a row and column of the matrix.
Call him a will contain the values that website a gives out
to each of the other web pages as well as itself.
So the values of 010 and 0 can be populated into the matrix
since site a only gave one point to site B and has no other links
to any of the other pages.
Site B gives 1/2 of a point to site C and half a point to site
D so we can continue to fill in the matrix again.
Pages that are not linked to get zero points from website B.
The C column can be filled in with the half point to website A
and the half point to website D.
And finally, the D column can be populated with its half point to
website A and 1/2 point to website B.
The columns you'll notice will all add up to one since each
website only had one total point to give out, but the rows will
give out to the total number of points that each website
received.
So in this case, website B has received the most importance
points with its points totaling 1.5 websites.
A&D tied with one point each and website C received the
lowest score at just half a point.
However, this is not the complete algorithm, since page
rank algorithm.
Since the page rank algorithm also applies a weight to the
links based on the importance of the website that contained it,
we will see that even though websites A&D receive the
same score from the step, they will not be ranked equal.
The reason why each page was given one point out.
Yes, uh, sorry.
The reason why each page was given 1.2 give out is because it
is essentially acting as a probability that a link is
clicked.
In the case of website a, it only has one link, so clicking a
link at random would have a 100% chance of arriving at website B.
From here there is a 50% chance of arriving at website C and a
50% chance of arriving at website D continuing to repeat
this step will lead to the determined rank of each page.
Essentially, each number in this matrix represents the
probability that a particular link is clicked at random.
If we if we continue this pattern, certain pages will be
linked to more often than others, leading to their links
being weighted higher.
This video does a good job of explaining the following
calculations, so I'm going to play a part of that now.
If we spent a long time randomly clicking links, assuming equal
time intervals between each click, what percent of that time
would be spent on each site?
Those percentages, which we'll add to 100 or decimal value of
one will be the rank of each site, and we'll put those values
in a ranking matrix called R Now to begin this Internet search
you have a 25% chance of justice picking one of these websites.
Kind of like our initial ranks, but now let's find the
probability of landing at any given site after just one click.
To do this, we're going to take our 4x4 matrix and multiply it
by the initial ranks or probabilities.
As many of you know, to multiply 2 matrices, you multiply rows by
columns one at a time.
Remember this first row is all the points given to site a or
the chances of getting to a from any given site.
So this dot product tells you the probability of being at a
after one click.
Think about it.
This says you have a 25% chance of staring at a * 0% chance of
going to a from there, since it doesn't link to itself when you
start at B, same initial probability.
There's also no chance of going to a because there's no link,
but if you start at C and pick a link, there's a 50% chance you
get to A and the same thing with site D These are all the
probabilities of just going to a from any site, so when you add
those U, you have the total probability of being at a.
After that first click it just so happened to stay the same at
25%.
We multiply the next row of all the probabilities of going to
site B by our ranking matrix.
We get 37.5% since everything was the same, except you had
that higher probability here of going from A to B.
The final probability was of course higher.
For the next row, we multiply and get a value of 125 and then
the last leads to .25.
These tell us the probabilities of being at each site after the
first round of clicks, but I said we have to find the
probability of being at each site after doing this for a long
time, meaning we have to keep going and take our original
matrix of probabilities, then multiply by this new ranking
matrix to get the probabilities after a second round.
One thing you'll notice is that the probability of being at sea
is actually higher now, and that's because in the last round
you had a higher chance of landing at site B, and that
itself links to C, so that probability went up.
Then we just repeat taking these new probabilities or ranks and
find what they'll be after a third click, where the numbers
finally start to separate a bit after many many multiplications,
AKA a lot of clicks, the probabilities will converge to
these values here and these are the ranks of each site.
We see that site B is ranked highest as expected and C is the
lowest.
But also note that site D ranked higher than a even though they
both had two incoming links.
By the way, another way to look at how we got these is we took
our 4x4 matrix that'll just call A and multiplied by those
initial ranks.
We then took that and multiplied by matrix again.
Then we did that again and just kept repeating.
So really this was just A to the N * R as N approaches Infinity,
the product reached an equilibrium of our final ranks.
So now we.
If we spent a long time.
Alright, So what that showed was the process of repeatedly
multiplying the matrices results into results in a convergence to
a unique vector.
This vector, when multiplied by the probability matrix, results
in a scalar multiple of itself, which is also known as the
eigenvector of that matrix.
And this emerges as the matrix.
This emerges as the matrices linear transformation starts to
stabilize despite websites A&D both receiving a single
point of importance.
Website D ranked higher than website a.
This is because website D was linked to by website B, which
ranked the highest overall.
It is not only about the number of links leading to a web page,
but also about the quality of the links.
A link from a website like let's say Microsoft or Apple's website
is going to contribute to a higher score than a link from a
lesser visited website.
Overtime more precise probabilities can be observed
from users clicking certain links more frequently than
others.
As more and more of this data is collected, the probability
matrix can be adjusted, which should yield a more accurate
overall page ranking.
Google collects tons of data on its users, which help to
contribute to this.
So circling back to when Google went online, it's success was
largely the largely due to this algorithm, which was created
using basic linear algebra techniques.
The brilliance of page rank lies in its simplicity and its
ability to rank searches in this way, although being fairly
straightforward was revolutionary at the time, the
use of eigenvectors in the algorithm also acts as a great
example of how mathematics can have a significant real world
application.
So while page rank was Google's original method for supplying
relevant search results when it went online, much of the online
much of the algorithm is still used in Google searches today.
However, it has gone through much refinement and is now part
of a much more complex system involving many other factors in
addition to the algorithm, such as location and previously
visited websites, the success of page rank also contributed to
many search engine optimization practices.
Such as leading developers to realizing that not just content,
but also the way at which information is connected on the
web plays an important role in determining the visibility of
the information to search engines.
In conclusion, in conclusion, the use of the page rank
algorithm was a crucial moment in the history of the Internet.
It not only changed the way search engines operate, but also
influenced how information is organized and accessed online.
So thank you all for listening.
Does anyone have any questions?
Alright, thank you all.
That was incredibly detailed.
I have Sher Ryan next.
Yes, Ryan.
I don't know if I said that.
She.
Ryan, OK, you ready?
Ohh yes Sir.
Not not a scary.
Go. Sorry.
Uh.
Can everybody see my screen?
It's good.
Yep.
OK ohh.
When we finished today, I will be presenting artificial
intelligence in the military.
What is artificial intelligence?
Artificial intelligence is a computer system that enables to
that's able to inform complex tasks that usually only humans
can perform.
Artificial.
Intelligent Intelligence is a instensive field that covers
many different areas, including data and Alex, statistics,
software engineering and neuroscience.
So there's four types of artificial intelligence.
Reactive machine AI system has no memory and our sign this this
task limited memory limited memory.
This type of AI system does have memory which allows it to use
previous experiences to advise future decisions like self
driving cars uses this.
Theory of mind is when social intelligence is applied to the
system, allowing it to understand emotion, self
awareness, AI system have self awareness which will allow them
to recognize their current state.
This type doesn't exist yet.
Ohh.
Military, artificial intelligence, artificial
intelligence.
AI is used within the US military to make leadership of
all levels make better and timely decisions.
As Apple how AI is used within the military, it includes the
finance system, payroll, recruiting, promotion, medical
and on the battlefield.
The United States has been a global leader responsible for
uses of military aid and anatomy for over a decade.
Again, how is AI using the military, cybersecurity?
The US deploy artificial intelligence to analyze
different cyber security technology to protect
communication and soldiers.
Hey I will help detect process the information and rapidly
disseminate the information to forces on the battlefield
transportation and supplies personnel through anonymous
vehicles, a health care of U.S.
Military use AI to help tender service members only battlefield
and stateside with medical diagnosis through their health
care history.
Trainees and combat simulations help primarily soldiers with
military operations and combat systems.
The use of AI helps leaders of all levels integrate several
disciplines.
The types of U.S.
Army weapons used AI image target recognized systems.
Drones.
The US Army has one of the most advanced target image recognized
systems in the world.
The image recognized systems can't spot various threats on
the battlefield and warned about potential dangers the US Army
integrate and artificial intelligence recognize they
recognization, which integrates on various types of weapon
systems like the N1 Abram, which is the main battle tank within
the army.
Uh, this system supports the advanced Atlas.
The system helps enable war Fighter soldier war fighters.
We call ourselves war fighters now instead of just soldiers to
distinguished threats more rapidly that humans wouldn't be
able to remote weapons is a remote operated weaponized
system using the military vehicles to protect vehicles and
occupants.
The system is quick with fire control systems for light and
medium caliber weapons.
How does AI military support decision making?
Machine learning algorithms can quickly process the vast amounts
of data to provide valuable insight to all levels of
military leadership.
Support decision making in the military range from the
battlefield to the boardroom of all collection of data.
Artificial intelligence machines having powers and capability to
make timely decisions by using AI software to predict outcome.
It protects civilians and soldiers on the battlefield.
So the future of AI in the military?
Uh yeah.
System must be accommodated.
Both AI and human as users of the system.
Uh.
When data transfer endpoints create opportunities for skill
adversaries to target militaries using AI system, so the US just
has to enhance cyber security technology through AI.
What is very clear is that warfare would be depending on
technology enhanced with AI and logistics, intelligence and
machine operator systems.
Here's my references reference.
Any questions?
I don't finish.
I'm sorry.
Sure.
OK.
I just didn't want more in depth.
They wanna get people confused because I know not everybody's
in the military.
It was still good.
You need a good job.
Isn't always have to belong to be what you're after?
I have one more tonight.
Umm, I really don't want to mess up your name and brisny.
Yes.
I said it correctly.
OK, you're the last one on the list.
Are you ready to go?
Yes, I'm sure my screen.
I'm probably the computer issues, so I'm gonna use it on
my iPad, so hopefully you know it goes well.
Oh.
All right.
The.
No.
What's the number?
Up to my PowerPoint, can everyone see that?
Yep.
OK.
It.
So my presentation is going to be the military and technology.
Umm, I don't.
I know I've already heard some presentations, people being in
the military, but I know there's some.
There aren't in the military, so I wanna talk a little bit about
myself and my job and I'm going to explain what I do as a signal
soldier and why the military should, in my opinion, take more
advanced technology than although outdated equipment that
we have nowadays.
So a little by myself.
I AM 22 years old.
I have four years in the Army, active duty and I'm still in
hoping to do my full 20.
I am the team chief slash IT specialist for the control post
node which is a type of equipment.
We use communication will like what I will explain the talk
more about this later on and I am currently seeing my degree in
information technology since my MOS.
Since my job in the military is information technology, it's,
you know, it goes hand in hand.
Umm, So what is an IT specialist in the army and IT specialist in
the army is often referred to as a cyber operations specialist or
signal support specialist who play a critical role in
maintaining.
I'm in the military communication and information
systems, so my dog personally you can do a lot of things but I
got put into a unit where I work strictly in signal in the field
and permissions.
So we do cybersecurity operations, Technical Support,
deployed operations and lots of teamwork and collaborations.
Umm.
So first I will see operations.
We play a crucial role in protecting the military network
and information systems from cyber threats.
This involves implementing security measures, conducting
vulnerability assessments and monitoring many networks for
suspicious activity and response, responding to any type
of incidents, whether it be something negative or something
that we don't know what it is.
First, Technical Support.
We provide soldiers and units named will troubleshooting
issues related to computer hardware, software and
networking.
Umm, anything that they may need either in the field or just when
you're like not in the field, just doing your day job in the
military.
No matter what job you are, you have to have teamwork and
compiler collaboration.
And for us, we, we, we work with soldiers, we work with
civilians, we work with, with just about anybody other
military members.
When it comes to signal to ensure the mission gets
accomplished correctly and efficiently.
A single support, said specialist.
So what I worked on at my job is a CPN which is the command post
node which provides direct network access to users with the
within the.
I don't know if you can hear me, but I think we're losing you.
We'll give her a couple minutes to catch up.
OK, so here's the deal.
Masterclass doesn't close till 10.
I'm gonna sit on here till 10.
So she has as much time to be able to get back as she wants
to.
If you've already presented at which everybody but her has, you
don't have to stay here if you don't want to.
It's optional.
Oh yeah, absolutely.
But you know it's gonna get real, real boring here real
quick.
And let you guys want to start talking.
As I'm definitely not the kind of person who's going to
monologue.
So as far as you're the question about presentations, master
class is scheduled for everybody.
Are you brand new?
Uh, volume terrace vontarius.
Hey, Sarah.
Because that's correct.
That is correct.
Volunteers.
Yeah, I'm new.
This is my second week.
OK.
Yeah.
No, that's it.
It's a it's scheduled for you.
There's an Excel document called the Master class schedule.
Check it to make sure where you're at.
It's gonna be in your probably your week 8 to 9 or 10 spot.
Umm yeah.
OK, I'll check that out.
Anybody do anything cool?
Been gone for like 3 weeks.
No, just sleeping when I can.
L yeah, I got off school and immediately started working more
at my job and I was like, Oh my God, this is for the birds.
I need to find a soft dev job immediately, but I wanna do this
anymore.
I got out of the like army so I wouldn't have to work long days
ever again in my life.
And here I am.
Yeah.
Got another Marine Corps?
Same reason I was like if I wake up one more time and see the
stars in the moon, I'm gonna lose it.
Or or have something crawling in your shirt to wake you up.
Ohh.
I had a snake in my bivy sack one time in 29 pounds.
I don't even know what kind of snake it was.
It's middle of the night.
I got up and threw that sucker I got in so much trouble cause you
know not to mess with wildlife.
Yeah, I woke up with a something in my shirt and I was so tired
that I just sat up, crunched it in my shirt, and laid back down.
And then in the morning, I found out that it was like a cockroach
that had crawled into my shirt.
Fantastic.
So how many people here are?
Where are are in the military?
No, I'm just.
I'm genuinely curious because I feel like it's more than half of
them.
Two to read.
I mean, there was a few other people that were talking about
it earlier.
I'm sorry, I don't know if my presentation could off off or if
Oh no.
Now she lives.
You cut all the way up.
Welcome back.
what happens, huh?
You cut all the way up.
People. Ohhh.
We were waiting for you.
My gosh, I'm so sorry.
Ohh my gosh, I I kept talking like I because my my things
still said that I was on it, so I just kept talking.
Oh my gosh, I'm so sorry.
Let me connect again.
Umm, you were on the slide with the umm the soft top?
I'm so sorry.
Uh, like, geez, grade, why can't I remember the name of it?
The troop carrier with the soft top on it.
Umm, let me uh.
I don't know why it's not working. Ohh.
The screen.
Thank you.
I don't know why it's not.
I said a broadcast.
I don't know why it's not showing me.
I'm sorry, I'm having difficulties.
They will sharing perfectly fine and it said it was going good
but it's.
Well, work.
You know, we got we got till 10:00 o'clock.
We'll figure it out.
We got people to play.
We're that.
We're just be asking over here.
It's fine.
OK, let me.
I'm so sorry I didn't.
Are you in the field coming back right now?
Like what's up?
I'm currently it's it's I'm currently like.
I'm taking school, but I'm gonna leave.
But I'm still working, so it's just like I'm in between like
school slash work.
So yeah, but I'm not in the field.
It's just I'm having lots of trouble.
It's always bad connectivity on base for some reason.
Yeah.
That's just not gonna work.
I live in Camp Lejeune area in Jacksonville, and if when I was
on base, I couldn't get more than 50 like 50 megs.
I moved off base and I lived literally like 100 yards from
the base gate and I get 300 megs.
So or 300 yeah, so.
Oh wow.
Yeah, base is awful.
Yeah, it really is.
OK, I think it should work.
Now I'm sharing my screen.
Umm, I don't know what's.
It's not coming.
Ohh yeah, you gotta pay for that crappy crappy Internet that you
can download a movie in three days.
Yes.
I'm still not seeing anything.
Why isn't it?
Why isn't?
Yeah, I don't know.
Ohh my gosh.
OK, this is.
I'll tell you what, I send me your PowerPoint or on teams and
I'll open it up on teams and share it from here and we can
try and do it that way.
OK.
Ohh.
Please work.
That Afghanistan Internet, though, you know I'm talking
about that satellite Internet that isn't really satellite like
Absolute garbage.
in the luminum.
Yeah, that like aluminum foil dish that they have in the
middle of like in the sky and they're like, this is an or
excuse for interwebs.
Ohh help.
It's working OK, so I don't know what's what's slide left off 1.
Yeah, we can see your screen.
Keep me up.
You know.
Well, mark.
Uh, no, wait.
Was that wrong?
Go back one.
Yeah, that one because I was staring at one of them being
OK.
like, what the heck?
Yeah, but I think that's it, OK.
OK, OK.
I'm gonna go start over on this slide just because I don't know
exactly where I left off or where it cut off because my
screen was perfectly fine.
It was like it was still rolling.
OK, so I am a single support specialist and that that is a
MOS which is a drop in the military.
Our job could either range from working on A6 shop, which is
just troubleshooting and helping it like an admin job, or you are
single specialist where you work with CPM, which is the
controlled post node.
My job is I work with the CPN and the CPN sounds for the I
mean command post node which provides network which provides
direct network access to users within the battalion element you
utilizes K UST satellite or ketose connectivity.
It has permanent links to the hub node and the drain in and
can establish on demand connections to the CPS within
the networks the CPN is housed in several transit cases which
include nippers, zipper voice and as well as other elements.
Umm, have you look at the picture at the second picture in
the bottom where it says OK UST those are the stacks, the type
of stacks we use, we connect to AST which is like a satellite
that connects to the bird which then sends a signal for us to
provides services for a battalion level.
Umm, next slide.
Ohh no wait.
No.
OK.
Yes.
So for us for this, I can't really go much into detail
because I will it's it's confidential and I I just don't
wanna say too much, but we work, we have different stacks which
is separate, different colorless.
But these tags come with the computer and I wanna when we do
that we are able to connect.
We are able to get services like I say we're like in the field
and we have like no connectivity, no Internet.
Another thing we're able to get service test to be with access
the Internet to access our emails or be able to access ways
to communicate to other people.
If we are somewhere where we have no connection, no way of
communication or anything like that.
So that's basically what we do in the field.
So the military technology and why we should advance has
various has various positive things that we that will come
out of it because, but since the military is a little on the
stage side when it comes with money, we are slowly updating
technology but not as fast as I think we should.
Umm, if we if we do, I think technology as such as things as
the CPN we will maintain strategic advantage, enhance
operational effectiveness and adapt to evolving threats.
So right now everyone I know pretty.
I'm pretty sure season news with everything that's going on
around the world, but if we were to advance the knology more for
us constantly evolving and with adversaries employing new
tactics, technologies and asymmetric strategies, advancing
military technology enables on forces to adapt to emerging
threats such as cyber warfare, unmanned aerial vehicles and
hybrid warfare, ensuring readiness and resilience in the
face of evolving and evolving challenges.
The pros in which we should announce our technology is
enhanced efficiency and effectiveness, strategic
advantage at ability to emerging threats and cost savings in the
long run.
Some count the the number one cons for advancing our
technology in the military.
Security security is the number one reason why people, why
people in the military don't want advancing knowledge just
because if we were to go back and you will see right here.
These are the stacks we use when we do field operations or and
the deployment setting or anywhere where we have no
signal.
We use these stacks and these for one, are really heavy.
They're two men left.
They're about 8080 to 100, two £120.00 each.
Umm.
They're hard to set up and they're really, really tricky
and it took me almost six months just to learn how to properly
turn on, turn off and set up this correctly without any
issues.
The number one reason why we have so all data material is
because the military, the military, wants to keep that
security and that threat away from people from people knowing
what we do and how we do things which we understand.
Yes, it's a good thing that everybody knows that uses, but
it also does not benefit the military in which if something
like this were to break or need maintenance, it takes such a
long time to get it fixed, which if we have something that's more
technology, technical technologically advanced, it
will take a few seconds to fix, do a few calls, you know, fix
something behind this and that will be easier to fix.
But number one reason why military hasn't really hasn't
really advanced knowledges due to security.
Umm.
All in all, I feel like the military should have had that.
There's there.
I feel like there's more pros and cons.
However, in the the military is here to defend the nation and
the number one, the number one.
I'm so sorry.
The number one threat is security and that's why we have
so much outdated, with outdated technology.
But in reality, I feel like the world is evolving.
Everything's becoming cyber, everything.
The meditation move, along with the rest of the world, in order
to ensure effective and everything we do, the resources
I used was General Dynamics, which is one of the main one of
the main.
Men like brand new equipment that we use for, for, for
signal.
I guess for me for the comp for signal, the other links that can
really post since I can't really disclose some information like
that before we go into questions.
I do have some pictures you guys want to see from our last
mission.
The first picture is of the satellite that got set up in the
field in Australia with their generators, and I didn't take a
picture of our equipment.
Someone allowed to, but that's just the morning picture.
It was like around 5:00 AM.
The second picture just me with the kangaroo.
You know, we were in Australia and they were just everywhere
and that their pictures us setting up the heat close in
order to validate to have communication with other
elements that were not that far away from us, but just to make
sure that we we were able to communicate umm and that is all.
Is there any questions?
Hopefully my I think the mark, yeah.
I have one question.
I'm on slide six.
You sold, you said.
I think you said they would call stacks like the big green cases
are little essentially just like huge like computer cases in a
sense.
Yes, the the understands.
OK.
Yeah, they're just huge computer cases, mom.
They just have, like, they're so on status.
So like what you have in your computer right now, like in the
personal laptop is everything that's in there.
It's just everything's old, everything separate like you
have, like, your power.
Hold different section and what you have with with to connect
your pores.
Everything's just separate.
That's why they're a big case, but it's actually like computer,
OK.
just everything has its own component.
Oh, wow. OK.
Yeah, that's interesting.
Yeah.
Any other questions?
Howard the Kangaroos.
Ohh there were nice they they.
Well, I had food.
So you feed them.
They don't really do anything to you, and I was petting them so.
OK.
Thank you so much for listening.
Me and going through all these technical difficulties, I really
appreciate it.
Good job.
Thank you not to stop shooting my screen.
OK.
Thank you.
All right.
Fantastic.
That's.
I'm pretty sure that's the end of master class, unless there's
any any random presenters that are going to show up.
So I'm gonna go ahead and stop the recording.
Thank you everybody for showing up.
Have a good night.
Goodnight.